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As a hunting gathering society, the Igbo tribe primarily farm yams as the primary vegetable crop. Yams were used to celebrate each new year with the Feast of the New Yam. The festival thanked Ani, the earth goddess and the source of all fertility.

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The Hausa is the largest ethnic group in North Nigeria.

It is also made up of another ethnic group, the Fulani. They have settled as a ruling class, seeing as they adopted both the language and culture of the Hausa.

Hausa are also famous as long-distance traders and local vendors of Hausa-made leather goods as well as tourist items.

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The Yoruba tribe has the highest rates of twin births in the world.

Each Yoruba subgroup is ruled by a paramount chief, or oba, who is usually supported by a council of chiefs.

The Yoruba long have been the most urbanized people in tropical Africa.

Women do little farm work but control much of the complex market system. Their status depends more on their own position in the marketplace than on their husbands’ status.

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Igbo or Ibo is a language that originated from the Benue-Congo branch of the Niger-Congo language family. The Igbo speaking people were divided into northern, southern, western, eastern and northeastern groups before European colonization in the 20th century living in local autonomous communities. After colonization, they felt a strong sense of ethnic identity.

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Trade in the past in Nigeria

Nigeria participated in the trans-Sahara trade.

European colonization initiated the slave trade by replacing slaves with goods.

Trade in modern day Nigeria

Women play an dominant role in marketing manufactured goods.

Most items are sold in market stalls

Main exports: crude oil, cocoa beans, yams, and rubber.

Main Imports: transport equipment, paper products, and machinery.

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The Igbo people worshipped gods who protect, advise, and chastise them. The gods were represented by priests and priestesses within the clan.

The Oracle of the Hills and the Caves grants knowledge and wisdom to those who are brave enough to consult him. No one has ever seen the Oracle except his priestess, who is an Ibo woman with special powers.

Not only did the gods advise the Ibo on community matters, but they also guided individuals.

Each person had a personal god, or chi, that directed his or her actions.

Each man kept a separate hut, or shrine, where he stored the symbols of his personal god and his ancestral spirits.

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There are three broad linguistic groups: Niger-Congo, Nilo-Saharan, and Afro-Asiatic.

Niger-Congo is sub divided into 9 major branches.

Hilo-Saharan is represented by Kanuri.

Afro-Asiatic includes Hausa, Margi, and Bade.

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There are an estimated 250 ethnic groups in Nigeria. There are three major ethnic groups in the country, the Hausa-Fulani, the Yoruba, and the Igbo. Those who are not members of a dominant group, but have lived and worked for several decades in the territory are still considered to be aliens.