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Research on University students efficacy: ebooks's better

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Research on University students efficacy: ebooks's better

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Pointed out is that reading speed and retrieval is poorer, however little difference.

The problem of this study is that it focus on  reflowable digital e-textbooks than page fidelity e-textbooks. Therefore, it does not apply to simply scanned e-book. However, It points out a future for reflowable digital e-textbooks over static books

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Electronic versus traditional print textbooks

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Accurate
For buyback price, my own research comparing several math physics social science textbooks show big gap between buy back used book and selling used book price.

For example, currently, Calculus 1285740629
full:243 new:190 used:150 rental: 70 buyback amazon trade in 80 best quote for great condition 100 ebook 134

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Traditional Textbooks vs. eTextbooks - Pros and Cons: College Readiness LOOC

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Expensive (not really an environmental problem, tho. so not dedicated to address this one. which may include something like open source texts)

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Cost Comparisons  (total cost after renting, or buying and selling back, etc.)
Buy print book - new  | 80-100% of list  |
Buy print book - used  | 50-75%  |
Buy print book new and sell back  | 40-50%  |
Buy eTextbook  | 40-50%  | Watch out that you don’t get a rental if you expected a more permanent ebook
eTextbook rental  | 40-50%  |
Print book rental  | 30-40%  | Buy-back price is preset, but excessive markings can result in extra charges.
Buy print book used and sell back  | 20-40%  | Can be the least expensive, but depends on buy-back price

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Open textbooks are textbooks that have been funded, published, and licensed to be freely used, adapted, and distributed. These books have been reviewed by faculty from a variety of colleges and universities to assess their quality. These books can be downloaded for no cost, or printed at low cost.

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Open textbook
specialized ebook-publisher.
Encourage faculties of last century to open textbooks.

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What is the point of, say, using a e-version of texts than a printed version, or printed out, or of buying a used book and sell the book back than buy new ones and leave them?
1. It's not much personal cost or energy, so it's not a problem of channelling energy to the most effective strategy.
2. University is often the front of the progressive action. be model.
3. Being aware is sincere. Don't be cynical.

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- Difficulty in evaluating condition, therefore price offered is often not very satisfactory.
This also accounts for the gap between buyback price and used book price. Since the condition undetermined, they price is set according to worst condition expected.

If university buyback program can cooperate with used companies, they can offer more reasonable price and therefore encourage students to sell used copies

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Think in three parties

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the reasons given for no longer using a specific textbook include:

-  The textbook is obsolete (89 percent)

-  The textbook is damaged (78 percent)

-  The textbook is replaced by a newer edition (93 percent)

-  The textbook is replaced by a different textbook (70 percent)

-  The curriculum or standards changed (44 percent)

-  The textbook is replaced by a tablet or other electronic media (11 percent)

perceived barriers to recycling textbooks include:

Studentinterestandbuy-in

Storage of books until a disposal action is taken

Advertising the event with enough notice prior to the event

Finding staff time and resources to manage such a program

Nothavingmultiple,convenientdrop-offlocationsoncampus

Booksthatareboundwithspiralwiringcannotberecycled

Convenienceandeducationabouttheprogram

Laborandtransportaftercollection

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There are several specially used-book company that offer far better quotes than the university buy-back program.

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School collective pick-up by amazon, contracting with used-book company

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School collective pick-up by amazon, contracting with used-book company

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- Cost of transaction - school wide organization to do the price and transaction.
- When a text is no longer used, what to do then?
So it seems there has to be some large company or org to solve the problem.

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- Price as high as new ones
- buyback price nominal
- buyback inconvenience, cost of transportation.
- Wholesaler is not a good idea, they they are only interested in product they believe they can sell easily

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If e-reader, it's really important to make use of it to its full potential.

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e-readers and iPads, especially iPads, face problem of upgrading. Like in this news, it is in 2010. The first generation of iPad. Ho

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The 91 students entering Stanford University's medical school this fall will receive free iPads instead of reams of coursework, a move that administrators hope will improve the learning experience and also cut the school's paper use.

"Students in the classroom and the clinic will be able to search for information in real time and use it to solve problems they encounter," said Dr. Charles Prober, the senior associate dean for medical education.

Stanford received a 10 percent educational discount on the Wi-Fi-capable iPads, putting the total cost around $40,000. Prober said that's only slightly more than what the medical school used to pay to print paper course materials, which now will only be available online.

"I think the iPad will also be useful for these future doctors to explain to patients what medical conditions or surgeries look like," Prober said. "They can pull out the iPad in the exam room and enhance their explanations with diagrams or pictures. And they'll always be able to have their medical school notes with them, even after they graduate. It's impossible to do that with a textbook."

Students will receive their devices at their Aug. 19 orientation and will receive training on using them the next day. Medical school faculty members are also receiving training so they can use the device in their courses.

The Stanford School of Medicine joins a handful of universities that plan to give students iPads in this academic year. UC Irvine also plans to give the devices to incoming medical students.

Seton Hill University - a small, private Catholic university in Pennsylvania - announced in March that it will give iPads to its 2,100 full-time students. Long Island University and the Illinois Institute of Technology are giving the devices to incoming freshman and transfer students. Oregon's George Fox University, which has a 20-year tradition of giving computers to its students, will allow this year's incoming freshmen to choose either a MacBook or an iPad.

Dr. Henry Lowe is the senior associate dean for information resources and technology, as well as a physician and a Stanford professor of pediatrics. He began using an iPad this spring and believes it will become popular with more doctors.

"Physicians are a mobile group," Lowe said. "They're moving from clinic to clinic, from patient to patient."

Stesha Doku, a second-year med student at Stanford, recently bought an iPad.

"Pretty much this is the perfect tool for what I need to do," she said. "I use it for reviewing slides from last year and for saving everything in one place. I probably won't use my laptop in class anymore."

The School of Medicine is not the first Stanford department to embrace the device. Professors in the computer science department began teaching students to develop iPad applications last winter, before the devices had made it to store shelves. Now, the department has added iPad programming to its course offerings.

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New Stanford medical students to receive iPads

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The 91 students entering Stanford University's medical school this fall will receive free iPads instead of reams of coursework, a move that administrators hope will improve the learning experience and also cut the school's paper use.

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How much in exact we can do and we can get from greening textbook?

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How much in exact we can do and we can get from greening textbook?

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Whether it's reasonable Conclusion: REALLY Not a big issue. Tho privatization may does a little good

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Whether it's reasonable Conclusion: REALLY Not a big issue. Tho privatization may does a little good

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- It makes sense. Otherwise I would not have any idea of how much printing am I supposed to do. Especially for  firs year students.
- But I still think a limit and a beyond which limited increment would work.
-afterall, duke students may not be that sensitive to the printing charge. Even I don't think there will be significant difference.
-Admittedly tho, I once thought about using my free allocation left to print part of a book.
- The charge is taken by university budget in general. which I think is like bus. Some people take bus more. There don't seem to be a particular issue of being unfair. And since it's seen as a public property, so it just never comes to the mind of people who design this system to privatizing the system
- but there are people who print reading on one side? not many, tho.
- graduate student doesn't have a maximum. I've seen several print on one side.

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the free-allocation is actually for student's to have an idea of the amount of printing they are up to supposedly. In other words, for preservation purpose. I asked why not a simply maximum. They said they don't wanna limit the students or anything.

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advertising, set incremental cost for awareness of prints.

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How to do with this

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Current sustainability procedure relevant to texts

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Current sustainability procedure relevant to texts

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From website

The Textbook Store's Buyback Program buys back textbooks for resale thereby reducing the production and purchase of new textbooks. More than 51,000 books have been bought back in the last four buyback sessions. Books that cannot be bought back are donated to Better World Books that, in turn, helps fund literacy projects around the world. This program has diverted more than 13,000 tons of books from landfills.

Recycle all the paper, unsold magazines, catalogs, books, mail, and newspapers. I

Duke Stores conforms to a "Green Purchasing" policy:

"Duke Stores will give preference to environmentally friendly products, where quality, function and cost are equal or superior to more traditional products. Products and packaging materials will contain a prescribed minimum post-consumer recycled content and will be minimized and/or substituted with more environmentally appropriate alternatives whenever possible. All products will be chosen based on efficient use of energy, natural resources, and potential for safe, non-hazardous disposal."

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Current procedures according to textbook store staff

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Current procedures according to textbook store staff

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From where does the textbook store buy new and used textbooks;
->We procure textbooks from both publishers and wholesalers such as MBS.

- How does the bookstore determine how many copies to get, since usually not everyone buys books through the textbook store;
-> We consider expected enrollment and review historical sell through rates.

- For the buyback program, will the books bought back be sold through textbook store the next semester?
->Currently the buyback program is sponsored by our wholesalers, who retain ownership of the books purchased.

- How is the buyback price calculated, is the price related to the condition of the book?
->The wholesaler determines the price of the book and it is based on the then current demand for the book.

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How Computers and Electronics Are Recycled

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with e-books
- can't use new editions as a way of exploiting students.
- they don't need to use new editions as there won't be a used book market. (this doesn't have to do with greening, tho)
- but with electronic book publishing will become easier and professors may be able to bypass the publisher.
- not really because professors writing a textbook probably also want publicity and everything.

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Let us build a group and next semester new students can request to buy books from us with the instructor as the agency.

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There are textbooks designed as textbooks, normal books as textbooks, and assigned pdf files. It's important to bear these three kinds in mind. Especially, the textbooks designed as textbooks usually implicates with publisher's interests.

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This is interesting. I have a personal theory for this. It's very different in the experience of turning pages between ebook and paper book, and in reading a paper book it's way easier to quickly refer back to some place you have read. I think the scroll view in e-booking reading is better than page turning, but still not as intuitive as turning real pages.
I've read a philosophy phd writing about his preference to real books, because he subliminally builds a physical memory in reading, and often in his research he's reminded of something discussed in a book and he can quickly identify it by the subliminal impression like "it should be at the two thirds of the book, somewhere on the left page at the bottom."
However, this shouldn't be a general problem.

But instead, the performance was largely similar, except when it came to the timing of events in the story. "The Kindle readers performed significantly worse on the plot reconstruction measure, ie, when they were asked to place 14 events in the correct order."

The researchers suggest that "the haptic and tactile feedback of a Kindle does not provide the same support for mental reconstruction of a story as a print pocket book does".

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A new study which found that readers using a Kindle were "significantly" worse than paperback readers at recalling when events occurred in a mystery story is part of major new Europe-wide research looking at the impact of digitisation on the reading experience.

The study, presented in Italy at a conference last month and set to be published as a paper, gave 50 readers the same short story by Elizabeth George to read. Half read the 28-page story on a Kindle, and half in a paperback, with readers then tested on aspects of the story including objects, characters and settings.

Anne Mangen of Norway's Stavanger University, a lead researcher on the study, thought academics might "find differences in the immersion facilitated by the device, in emotional responses" to the story. Her predictions were based on an earlier study comparing reading an upsetting short story on paper and on iPad. "In this study, we found that paper readers did report higher on measures having to do with empathy and transportation and immersion, and narrative coherence, than iPad readers," said Mangen.

But instead, the performance was largely similar, except when it came to the timing of events in the story. "The Kindle readers performed significantly worse on the plot reconstruction measure, ie, when they were asked to place 14 events in the correct order."

The researchers suggest that "the haptic and tactile feedback of a Kindle does not provide the same support for mental reconstruction of a story as a print pocket book does".

"When you read on paper you can sense with your fingers a pile of pages on the left growing, and shrinking on the right," said Mangen. "You have the tactile sense of progress, in addition to the visual ... [The differences for Kindle readers] might have something to do with the fact that the fixity of a text on paper, and this very gradual unfolding of paper as you progress through a story, is some kind of sensory offload, supporting the visual sense of progress when you're reading. Perhaps this somehow aids the reader, providing more fixity and solidity to the reader's sense of unfolding and progress of the text, and hence the story."

Mangen also pointed to a paper published last year, which gave 72 Norwegian 10th-graders texts to read in print, or in PDF on a computer screen, followed by comprehension tests. She and her fellow researchers found that "students who read texts in print scored significantly better on the reading comprehension test than students who read the texts digitally".

She is now chairing a new European research network doing empirical research on the effects of digitisation on text reading. The network says that "research shows that the amount of time spent reading long-form texts is in decline, and due to digitisation, reading is becoming more intermittent and fragmented", with "empirical evidence indicat[ing] that affordances of screen devices might negatively impact cognitive and emotional aspects of reading". They hope their work will improve scientific understanding of the implications of digitisation, thus helping to cope with its impact.

"We need to provide research and evidence-based knowledge to publishers on what kind of devices (iPad, Kindle, print) should be used for what kind of content; what kinds of texts are likely to be less hampered by being read digitally, and which might require the support of paper," said Mangen. "I'm thinking it might make a difference if a novel is a page-turner or light read, when you don't necessarily have to pay attention to every word, compared to a 500-page, more complex literary novel, something like Ulysses, which is challenging reading that really requires sustained focus. That will be very interesting to explore."

The Elizabeth George study included only two experienced Kindle users, and she is keen to replicate it using a greater proportion of Kindle regulars. But she warned against assuming that the "digital natives" of today would perform better.

"I don't think we should assume it is all to do with habits, and base decisions to replace print textbooks with iPads, for instance, on such assumptions. Studies with students, for instance, have shown that they often prefer to read on paper," she said.

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Readers absorb less on Kindles than on paper, study finds

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A new study which found that readers using a Kindle were "significantly" worse than paperback readers at recalling when events occurred in a mystery story is part of major new Europe-wide research looking at the impact of digitisation on the reading experience.

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Personally, I enjoy a lot highlighting by pen and writing notes on the rim than typing. Handwriting is more versatile, although I admit it might be a fetish.
This semester I have started to try not to print out those pdf with readable texts, I also try different note-taking apps.  Through practice it might be more efficient with features like searchable handwriting and notes stored in the cloud, and typing is faster than handwriting. If I have a ipad pro with apple pencil I may stop printing.

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Not neat now.
- But it seems to be the problem of getting the devices recycled than the recyclability.
- has great potential, some claim nearly 100% of electronic devices recyclable (no proof).
- E-readers should be better among electronics. Major companies attentive to social discourse, usually have good recycle program

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- Some texts don't need note-taking
- used copies can be sold in cheaper price.

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- library devices can be used to its full potential
- lib can take the collective responsibility of recycling these devices

- may work. If texts are turned electronic by publisher, they can design some mechanism for students to login through apps and store notes on the cloud.

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If print is charged, people may be more careful with printing their readings.
I always print double-side and I always print two pages on one page when there's less characters on a page. The current allowance it extravagant.

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- Used copies have marks and therefore not as valuable as new ones.

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- on environmental impact: 30 books = e-reader (approximately. In fact, for iPad solely used as e-reader, over 70 normal books can ensure less environmental impact. But I think it will be much easier to get there for textbook. Think about those think textbook with big pics and thick papers. But of course, textbooks are re-used more often. Well, simply put, I don't think specifically e-reader is much environmentally friendly than paperbacks, sadly).
- But can e-readers been recycled properly? certainly much more environmental impact than 20-30 books

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Are you reading fewer than 100 books on your e-reader before upgrading? Do you read the news more than 10 minutes each day? If so, the printed page is better for the planet than your digital screen.
For many people an increasing amount of media consumption has become digitized, whether listening to music, watching a movie, or reading the news or a book. It's part of what's been dubbed the dematerialization of culture, and has been touted as the future, an important step in creating a more ecologically aware and sustainable world.

Reading the News

One Swedish study completed at the KTH Center for Sustainable Communications looked specifically at reading the daily news in print, on a computer, and on an e-reader. It factored in different mixes of energy used to produce and consume the news as well as the differences in materials needed for printed versus digital versions. It also examined how much time was spent reading. All of these factors can significantly change the environmental impact of news reading.

The study found that if you live someplace that produces its electricity similarly to the European average (that is, slightly greener overall than the U.S. average), and you spend just 10 minutes a day reading the news, then reading online or with an e-reader produces less of an environmental impact, measured in terms of carbon emissions.

However, if you're an avid reader who spends more than 30 minutes a day reading the news, the print edition results in a lower environmental impact than reading online (28 kilograms of CO2 per year, per person for print versus 35 kilograms per year, per person for online reading). As we produce more electricity from carbon neutral methods, however, the situation can change, shifting the balance toward online reading having a lower impact. Improvements in energy efficiency among our electronic devices can also start shifting the balance in favor of online reading.
Books vs. E-Readers
According to one lifecycle analysis of printed books versus e-readers, the energy, water, and raw materials needed to make a single e-reader is equal to that of 40 to 50 books. In terms of the effect on the climate, the emissions created by a single e-reader are equal to roughly 100 books.

If you read 100 books on your e-reader before upgrading it, the effect on the climate is no different than reading those books in print. If you upgrade before that time, your carbon footprint actually increases compared to reading printed books. If you read 200 books on the device, the climate impact is halved. The result is the same for resource and energy usage, though the threshold to break-even is lower.

Let's assume you upgrade your e-reader every three years. That means you need to read roughly 30 books every year before you've reduced your climate impact, and 15 books a year before your resource usage is lower. If you upgrade more frequently, you need to be an even more avid reader to lower your environmental impact by switching to digital.
Benefits of Both Print & Digital
Of course, there are advantages to reading digitally that go beyond any environmental impact assessment, like carrying an e-reader instead of a bag full of books. There are also advantages to reading print that transcend any lifecycle analysis -- longevity, tactile feel of paper, and better reading comprehension.

Print or digital -- there isn't one right answer for which is better for the planet in all circumstances. Each of us has to evaluate our own reading habits and preferences. However, one thing we can't say is that simply by using an e-reader or computer to read, we are always choosing the more sustainable option.

. . .
Explore more in the category of Sustainable Living © 2014 Omega Institute for Holistic Studies, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Print or Digital: It All Has Environmental Impact

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Are you reading fewer than 100 books on your e-reader before upgrading? Do you read the news more than 10 minutes each day? If so, the printed page is better for the planet than your digital screen. For many people an increasing amount of media consumption has become digitized, whether listening to music, watching a movie, or reading the news or a book.

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the point is, however, many people already have e-readers like lap-top. However, specific e-books maybe more easy to use. like ipad with apple pencil. It is then a problem of justice

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Some of our used-to-printed-papers are a matter of mythical belief.
These reasons are not at all convincing

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This article first appeared in The National Book Review.

Last week, the book industry released figures showing that e-book sales were down so far this year -- the first time they have declined -- while print remained relatively steady. When the news broke, we published a piece on 10 reasons e-books are better than print.

In the interest of fairness, we now offer a list for the other side: a 10-point case for print.

1. Print books have pages that are nice and soft to the touch. Paper makes reading physically pleasurable. Reading an e-book, on the other hand, feels like using an ATM. And after staring at a computer screen at work all day, how relaxing is it to curl up at home and stare at another screen?

2. Print books are better at conveying information. A study reported in the Guardian last year found that readers using a Kindle were less likely to recall events in a mystery novel than people who read the same novel in print. So if you want to do things like follow plots and acquire information, print is the way to go.

3. Print books are yours for life. The books you bought in college will still be readable in 50 years. Do you really think that in 10 years your e-reader - or book-reading watch, or virtual reality goggles - will work with today's e-books?

4. Print books are physical reminders of your intellectual journeys. That beat-up copy of Catcher in the Rye on your bookshelf takes you back to sophomore year of high school. The Selected Poems of Pablo Neruda conjures up memories of late-night dorm room bull sessions. The food and wine-stained Lonely Planet Greece brings back that trip through the Greek Isles. A Kindle is just a Kindle.

5. Print books are great to share. There is nothing quite like putting a book into a friend's hand and saying, "You've got to read this." There are ways of sharing e-books - if both you and your intended recipient can navigate the Digital Rights Management system. But sharing an e-book has all of the warmth of sending an e-mail or paying someone on PayPal.

6. You can write in the margins of a print book, dog-ear the important pages, and underline the key sentences with a pencil. E-books often allow the digital equivalents of these acts - but they just aren't the same. There is a link between physical gestures and cognition: the things we do to print books seem to help us to understand and remember better.

7. Print books have jackets, so people know what other people are reading - which makes reading a community-building act. A bus full of people with print books is a snapshot of what is on a town or a city's minds - as well as a collection of ideas for what you should read next. A bus full of people reading e-books is just a lot of people staring at devices.

8. Print books are fairer to writers. The Author's Guild has been beating the drum for years that publishers give writers a lower percentage of the royalties for e-books. That makes it harder for authors to earn a living - and to produce new books. If you want to support writers, who are struggling these days, more than publishing giants - buy a print book.

9. Print books are better for your health. A Harvard Medical School study last year found that reading a light-emitting e-book before bed interferes with your ability to sleep, with your alertness the following morning, and with your overall health.

10. Print books are theft-resistant. If you leave a book in your car, you can be pretty sure it will be there when you return. That is probably not true of your iPad, Kindle or other e-book reader. And a bonus: if you drop a print book in the bathtub, you can dry it out with a hairdryer.

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Drop That Kindle! 10 Reasons Print Books Are Better Than E-Books

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This article first appeared in The National Book Review . Last week, the book industry released figures showing that e-book sales were down so far this year -- the first time they have declined -- while print remained relatively steady. When the news broke, we published a piece on 10 reasons e-books are better than print.

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so surprising to me it's not really bad for eyes.

"Sitting close to a television, or computer screen, isn’t bad for our eyes. It’s a variety of other factors that can cause physical fatigue.

"reducing eye fatigue is less a matter of choosing a specific display than of taking short breaks from looking at the screen."

Other health issue includes influencing sleep cycle, but I now many have sleep mode.
Attached another comparison with a verdict saying no clear advantage

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Natural Vision Improvement - Eye Exercises & Eye Vitamins

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In today's increasingly digital world, interactions with printed media are becoming less common every day. Between smart phones, handheld game systems, high definition televisions and computer monitors, more and more people are spending their time looking at screens, rather than pages.

What effect is this having on our eyesight?

It's becoming common knowledge that these screens cause our eyes to work in different ways than print does. With the rise in recognized cases of Computer Vision Syndrome (or CVS, a condition that arises from frequently looking at a computer monitor, without giving your eyes the requisite breaks), worrying about the effects that eReaders, such as the Kindle and Nook, have on your vision is certainly warranted.

Let's get started.
Pixelated Problems
You might think, after reading about CVS, that similar problems would arise from eReaders. After all, digital screens are all one and the same, right? That's not necessarily the case.

Computer Vision Syndrome is caused by several different factors that combine to form a nasty set of issues. Partially, this is related to the way computer monitors display images.

Rather than showing one full image, pictures and text on a monitor are drawn in tiny little pieces called 'pixels'. This causes the eye to focus a little bit harder while looking at images on a monitor, and can lead to eyestrain, headaches, and blurry vision, if you don't give your eyes a rest from time to time.

While CVS is a possible concern when reading on an iPad or other tablet, as they use pixels for their screens as well, it probably isn't an issue for most eReaders.

Two of the most popular dedicated eReaders, Amazon's Kindle and Barnes and Nobles' Nook, use a different type of display, called eInk. This display type more closely mimics the look of printed paper, and has shown a reduced tendency to cause eye problems, as compared to other digital screens.

There has also been research showing that newer LCD screens, with their faster refresh times and higher resolutions, cause many fewer problems with eyesight than older screens. It's likely that, as technology continues to advance and screens become better, CVS will cease to be a problem entirely.
Traditional Reading
Reading a printed page has its own set of issues. Reading is much more involved than simply looking at an object. Experts have said that, when reading, the muscles in your eyes move around 10,000 times an hour. So even when picking a book up from the shelf, eyestrain is a risk.

Avid readers should try and take a break every 10 minutes to prevent any problems from arising.

Light sources are another concern. Digital media can come with backlighting, allowing for higher contrast even in the darkest of environments. Regular, printed books don't have that option, so consideration must be given to the places you plan to read.
The Verdict
So, if eyestrain is a risk with digital media as well as plain old printed books, which is the right choice? Experts say it largely comes down to personal choice, although those with already lower eyesight might be better served by the digital version.

A recent study, performed by researchers at Robert Wood Johnson Medical School and reported on by Time Magazine, has shown that, depending on your own particular situation, you might be better suited for one or the other reading medium.

The study in question had 100 different participants reading passages on three different mediums: the traditional printed form, on a Kindle, and on an iPad. Their words-per-minute for each were calculated, and then compared.

The results were startlingly clear.

People with poor eyesight could read better on a backlit screen. Even the Kindle used for the study, an older version that didn't have the newer lighted screen, showed an increase in reading speed for those with worse vision.

The researchers believe that the digital mediums' increased background contrast was the root cause of the improvement. Individuals with good eyesight preferred the traditional printed book.

So, the answer to the eReader versus printed book debate seems to be, whatever works best for you. Take into account the lighting conditions where you'll be reading most of the time, your own particular level of vision, and your budget (since eReaders and tablets can be pricey), and get to reading. Although, regardless of the medium, make sure you rest your eyes often.

About Orlin Sorensen

My vision started to get blurry as a young teenager. Soon I was wearing glasses for just about everything. This was a hard blow for me because I had always dreamed of becoming a U.S. Navy fighter pilot which required perfect vision without glasses or surgery. But I wasn't ready to give up on my dreams, so I looked into every possible alternative which led me to eye exercises. Through daily vision training and eye exercises, I improved my vision from 20/85 to 20/20 and passed the Navy's visual acuity test. In fact Men's Health declared this one of the "Greatest Comebacks of All Time!" Now, I'm sharing exactly how I did it with the program that helped me so people like you can improve your vision safely and naturally, without glasses, contacts or laser surgery.

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eReader Vs. Printed Book: Which Is Better For Your Eyesight?

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In today's increasingly digital world, interactions with printed media are becoming less common every day. Between smart phones, handheld game systems, high definition televisions and computer monitors, more and more people are spending their time looking at screens, rather than pages. What effect is this having on our eyesight?

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recycle more efficiently.

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- Easier to update and make revisions. New Edition every several years are wasteful, capitalist practice
- Easier to carry and store (though cloud service)

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- E-readers have environmental impact!
- bad for eyes
- many people not used to read on screen, different note taking habits

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- Rental & Recycle(Used book)
approximately one-third of the textbooks purchased annually are used, not new, books.

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Use electronic media

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Use less paper

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Wasting paper, Carbon problem