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 "Horrific Massacre in Virginia" published in 1831 which shows the Nat Turner and other african americans attacking the white people.

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Nat Turner's rebellion was an event where Nat turner and enslaved americans revolted against white people, killing around 85 white people. I chose this event because it is socially and politcally significant. It's socially significant because it led to people being more divided when it came to the issue of african americans becoming free. I think the event is also politcally significant because after the rebellion there were laws made that made the lives of african americans harder.

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The Marais de Cygnes Massacre in Kansas, May 19, 1858, illustration from Beyond the Mississippi (1867) by Albert D. Richardson.

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Bleeding Kansas was an event where settlers from the North and South came to Kansas and killed eachother. The people came to Kansas because of an election for the state to either be a free or slave state. I chose this event for it's political significance because it shows the tensions between the North and South before the civil war. It's also very important because it brought anger in the North because Kansas was supposed to be a free state because of the Missouri Compromise.

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Flag banner promoting Abraham Lincoln for the presidency in 1860.

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The election of 1860 was the election in which Abraham Lincoln was elected for president. I chose this event is because the event was very politically significant. The election gave the union a new president, but also gave way for the south to not recognize Lincoln as their new president. Shortly after the election south carolina seceded from the union, and most slave states to follow.

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Virginia, 1864. Workers moving a payload using railroads

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The building of railroads changed the outcome of the civil war because it helped the north bring supplies and troops to different locations faster. I chose this event because it was technologically significant for the time. It's techonologically significant because railroads were only newly invented and it greatly impacted the outcome of the war. It gave the north a huge advantage when it came to moving people and supplies across the union.

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President Abraham Lincoln with General George B. McClellan at his headquarters at Antietam during the Civil War on October 3, 1862. 

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Antietam was the battle that was fought before Abraham Lincoln passed the emancipation proclomation. I chose this event because it is politically significant. The event is politcally significant because it changed the purpose of the war. After the battle the soliders not only fought to bring the union together, but to free the slaves in the South. It also led to freedmen joining the fight, which changed the whole outcome of the war, giving the Union more soliders.

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Shirley House with Union “bomb-proofs” covering the surrounding hillside, Vicksburg, Mississippi. Date of photo Unknown

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The battle of Vicksburg was the battle that gave the union control of the mississippi river. I chose this event because it is politcally and economically significant. I think it's politcally significant because it changed the tides of the Civil War. It gave the Union a very important advantage when it came to weakening the South. The event is also economically significant because the Union controlling the mississippi river meant that the South could no longer export or import goods along the river.

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The ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States took place in December 1865.

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The 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments were made in order to give african americans more rights after the civil war. I chose them because it was very socially and politically significant. The ammendments were able to give freedmen more rights which implemented them into the government. It's very social because it angered the people of the south because they did not want to give more rights to the freedmen and created animosity and hatred in the south.

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Sharecroppers picking cotton in Georgia, 1898. Photograph by T.W. Ingersoll

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Sharecropping was a practice where landowners would have freedmen work on their farms. I chose this because it's socially and economically significant. It's socially significant because it is a transaction between two people. The practice led to generational debt because the freedmen that worked on the farms more often than not had to pay back the landowners for the use of the land. I also think that it is economically significant because of the money being generated by the workers working on the land.

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South Carolina, 1866. Students and teachers outside the Freedmen’s Bureau school on St. Helena’s Island.

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The Freedmen's Buraeu was a set of laws from after the civil war in order to integrate former slaves into the union. I chose this because it was intelectually and socially significant. I think its socially significant because there were southern whites who strongly opposed the freedmen's bureau and did not want them to get an education. This connects to the Bureau being intelectually significant because its job was to build schools which were meant to educate the former slaves so that they can be fully integrated into the union.

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1877. 'Compromise - Indeed!' American cartoon by Thomas Nast, January 1877, on the presidential election between Rutherford B. Hayes and Samuel Tilden 

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The Corrupt bargain was a bargain where President Haydes promised to stop reconstruction efforts if the south would recognize him as president. I chose this event because it is politically, intellectually, and socially significant. I think the event is politically significant because it stopped government funding for the reconstruction efforts, like the freedman's bureau and having the military in the south, and stopping protection for the right for freedmen to vote. It's socially significant because it caused the KKK to rise in the southern states, where more African Americans were lynched. Lastly, I think that this is intellectually significant because the bargain led to the defending of HBCU's which educated freedmen, and them not getting the funding they need to be public and free, make them less accessible to the average freedman, who were mostly in poverty because of slavery.