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"but he looked Papa in the face now. 'Then I will die, Papa" (7)

A signifier of the overarching conflict in the book, and introduces the rift between the family and Papa

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"I had never considered the possibility that Papa would die [...]  He had seemed immortal" (287)

This quote is important because it shows how Kambili has never truly experienced a death this close to her before. It relates to the backdrop of the war, as they all immediately go to blaming the new government.

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"I took my exams in my hospital bed" (215)

This is a major point of characterization for Kambili, as we see her appeasing, people-pleasing nature to its fullest extent.

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"I felt a lurch in my stomach and I glanced at Jaja. His eyes met mine. What would we tell Papa?" (81)

This quote is important because it shows truly how terrified the kids are of Papa, even if they do love him. They both know he sees Papa-Nnukwu as a heathen and would punish both of them for even being around him.

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Using religion as a justification for negative choices causes one to lose what or who they truly value.

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Kambili - A young 15 year-old girl who is shy yet does everything she can to appease her Papa's controlling manner.

Jaja - Kambili's 17 year-old brother who, despite living under Papa's rules and knowing the consequences more than anyone, often rebels against Papa because he does not agree with his values.

Papa - The major antagonist of the story, Papa owns many factories and publishes a famous newspaper. He is a devout catholic, and his devotion often becomes a problem, as he uses it to justify his abusive nature.

Mama - She is a very sweet yet quiet person, like Kambili, but this means that she often keeps her mouth shut when Papa abuses her and the children.

Aunty Ifeoma - A university teacher in Nsukka, she is very smart and has less restrictions on her children, overall giving them better lives, making her a loving and devoted mother.

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Present in the book's setting, Nigeria's post-colonial civil unrest is helps further the conflict throughout the story and represents the overall weight of changes on a person's life.

When Papa's publisher is arrested, the newspaper must move underground. This whole event is spread out across more than one chapter and is a cause for Papa's stress and heightened reactions to events in his life.

While visiting, Aunty Ifeoma explains to her that the unrest in Nsukka caused a lack of proper facilities and needs, like water and light, but students at her university were not allowed to reschedule their exams. This sudden change negatively affects them, and so they protest outside the school.

Earlier in the book, Kambili hears about the coup on the government while listenting to the radio. Despite being sheltered in her house, the sudden change still affects her awareness of the world and builds onto the already growing tension throughout the setting and the characters.

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https://docs.google.com/document/d/1q2SunYbbKjDOwCZLPX0wuaA6A_zhthPl788XH-B-tyU/edit?usp=sharing

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The major external conflict, and driving force behind many of the plot's event is Papa's constant abuse of his family. It is the manifestation of Papa's controlling and oppressive nature.

Examples:
"He picked up the missal and flung it across the room, toward Jaja" (7)
"as he swung his belt at Mama, Jaja, and me, muttering that the devil would not win" (102)
"He poured the hot water on my feet, slowly, as if he were conducting an experiment and wanted to see what would happen" (194)

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Purple Hibiscus is a historical fiction novel written by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, a Nigerian author born in Enugu in 1977.

Purple Hibiscus is one of her famous works, written in 2003, and takes place in Nigeria during the civil unrest of the 60s and 70s.

Similar to Mango Street, the book takes on a serious tone, despite being told by a young teenager. This does affect the writing style of the book. For example, despite abuse being a central theme, the word abuse itself is never mentioned directly.

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Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's Purple Hibiscus follows a young girl, Kambili; and her older brother Jaja. They live in a huge mansion in Nigeria, which undergoing many dangerous and spontaneous changes. Despite the fact that her father is a famous writer and works for the church, he is very abusive at home and uses God to justify many of his abusive actions. After an occurence in which Papa kicks Kambili, she and Jaja go to live with Aunty Ifeoma. While the kids stay there, Papa continually abuses Mama, and so she poisons and kills him.

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Throughout the book, the silence is treated like both a person and an object, and is directly mentioned whenever tension is built up, especially when Papa and his burdening religious traditions are mentioned.

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The figurines in on Mama's etagere represent the mother's fragility, as she seems to lose her vitality after they are destroyed by Papa during the first few pages.