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Groundwater Contamination - The Groundwater Foundation

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Groundwater Contamination Over 50% of the United States population depends on groundwater for drinking water. Groundwater is also one of our most important sources of water for irrigation. Unfortunately, groundwater is susceptible to pollutants. Groundwater contamination occurs when man-made products such as gasoline, oil, road salts and chemicals get into the groundwater and cause it to become unsafe and unfit for human use.

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The recent volcanic eruption in West Java also affected the ecological footprint for many flights were cancelled that resulted in huge economical losses and Crops were All destroyed( to add to Sadhvika, Mavis and kharisma point

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This web site has been set up to be mindful of and sensitive to the natural environment in our daily life. We are advocating the 3 R's of environmental protection. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle.

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Deforestation

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Palm trees is the main reason why forest are declining

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Polution destroys acces to clean water for the people

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palm oil production is the main cause of deforestation in indonesia

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palm oil production is the main

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Indonesia has a very large population and it is growing. The amount of resources that Indonesia has are diminishing and the resources it does have are not of good quality. One way that can be helped is by controlling your consumption of resources to the best if your ability,

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Estimation of perceptions about pollution in Jakarta. Result of surveys about air pollution, water pollution, greens and parks satisfaction, light and noise pollution, etc.

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Volcanoes and extreme weather in Indonesia affect the food production and the security of Indonesian citizens.

Also, the ashes that are produced tend to pollute the water, which is another factor that affects the sustainability of Indonesia.

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Pollution plays a big part in living conditions in Jakarta

http://www.irinnews.org/pdf/in-depth/tomorrowscrisestoday-chapter7.pdf

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An ecological footprint is the amount of the environment necessary to support a certain lifestyle. The ecological footprint of Indonesia is around 1.21 earths as of 2012

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Due to increase in deforestation and the forest fire of Indonesia, some animals that previously existed but are now considered extinct is Bali Tiger, Elephas celebensis,Javan tiger, Wild water buffalo, Flores cave rat

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Borneo and Sumatra are undergoing largest deforestation

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Indonesia has the fastest rate of deforestation in the past 12 years, according to a new global map on deforestation.

A team of researchers from 15 universities '€" led by the University of Maryland and assisted by Google and NASA '€" has created the first high-resolution global map on Google Earth that maps forest cover.

In a study that was published in the journal Science on Thursday, the researchers reported a global loss of 2.3 million square kilometers of forest between 2000 and 2012 and a gain of 800,000 square kilometers of new forest, with an increase of 2,101 square kilometers of forest loss each year.

Indonesia, according to the study, has experienced the highest rate of deforestation between 2000 and 2012, from around 10,000 square kilometers per year between 2000 and 2003 to around 20,000 square kilometers of deforestation per year between 2011 and 2012.

During the latest period, President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono actually initiated the forest clearance moratorium to reduce the country'€™s greenhouse gas emissions and rate of deforestation.

The country has lost 15.8 million hectares in total between 2000 and 2012, ranking fifth behind Russia, Brazil, the United States and Canada in terms of forest loss, the study reports.

It finds that Brazil is doing well compared to the other most densely forested countries. It managed to cut its deforestation rate from around 40,000 square kilometers per year to around 20,000 square kilometers per year. But Brazil'€™s success is, however, offset by the increasing deforestation in Indonesia, Malaysia, Paraguay, Bolivia and Zambia

'€œThis is the first map of forest change that is globally consistent and locally relevant,'€ University of Maryland professor of Geographical Sciences Matthew Hansen, team leader and corresponding author on the Science paper said in a statement.

'€œLosses or gains in forest cover shape many important aspects of an ecosystem including, climate regulation, carbon storage, biodiversity and water supplies, but until now there has not been a way to get detailed, accurate, satellite-based and readily available data on forest cover change from local to global scales,'€ he said.

The government was quick to deny the results of the study.

Forestry Ministry secretary-general Hadi Daryanto said that researchers had miscalculated the loss of forest cover, because, according to the data from the ministry, Indonesia only lost around 450,000 hectares of forest every year.

'€œThe scientists only look at satellite images of areas where logging activities are taking place, without putting the country'€™s temporary deforestation into consideration,'€ Hadi said on Friday.

'€œTemporary deforestation is, for example, logging activities within the HTI [Industrial Forest Permit] areas, which will be restored after the timber harvesting period concludes. The country harvests only 200,000 hectares of HTI area per year,'€ he said. '€œThey should not classify timber harvesting as forest loss,'€ he continued.

Hadi said that the Forestry Ministry had succeeded in reducing the country'€™s rate of deforestation from 3.5 million hectares per year between 1996 to 2003 to only 450,000 hectares, since the log exports ban was enacted in 2001 and the forest clearance moratorium was introduced, which prohibits the issuance of new licenses for the conversion of primary forests and peatlands in both protected forests and productive forests.

'€œWe also did not issue HTI permits as much as we used to during the forest clearance moratorium. Between 2011 and 2012 the government only issued 250,000 hectares of HTI,'€ Hadi said. '€œTherefore, I don'€™t think this study is stating the truth,'€ he said.

Hadi said that the government under the Geospatial Information Agency (BIG) would launch the forest clearance moratorium evaluation report in January next year.

As previously reported, Yudhoyono had signed Presidential Instruction No. 6/2013 to continue the forest moratorium for two years in May this year, that was initially introduced in 2011 after Indonesia and Norway signed a US$1 billion deal for Indonesia to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions and rate of deforestation.

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Map shows deforestation in Indonesia is world'€™s fastest

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Indonesia has the fastest rate of deforestation in the past 12 years, according to a new global map on deforestation. A team of researchers from 15 universities '€" led by the University of Maryland and assisted by Google and NASA '€" has created the first high-resolution global map on Google Earth that maps forest cover.

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In April of this year, I travelled to the Indonesian capital of Jakarta for the first time. I was excited to visit this new city and start to photograph in one of the world's most underreported emerging economies. I had read stories about the city's challenges with water and flooding, which is why I wanted to photograph there and continue my work on environmental issues in developing nations. I wasn't prepared for the shocking scenes that I was to witness in my time in the city.

One of my first impressions of this Southeast Asian megalopolis was not the not the eclectic culture and diversity of the fascinating Indonesian people, or the mix of traditional and modern architecture-it was the smell.

That smell emanated from the rivers and canals that weave their way through this city of over 10 million people. 400,000 liters of waste are dumped into the capital's rivers and canals every day. Supposedly equating to the weight of 140 elephants, according to a 2009 report in the Jakarta Globe.

Built on the confluence of 13 rivers, Jakarta's history has been one involving vigorous trade with countries around the world. During the Dutch colonial era in the early 17th Century onwards, a network of canals was built that helped relieve the city from flooding which, at that time, only occasionally affected the city.

Today, that network of canals has fallen into disrepair and all of the rivers and canals have become choked with pollution. Residents readily throw household waste directly into the waterways which gather together at many points along the rivers, especially at the failing sluice gates along the canals.

The problem is exacerbated by industrial pollution that is also released into the rivers upstream. Excess nitrates and phosphates from this pollution encourages the rapid growth of algae and subsequent eutrophication, the process by which algae covers the surface of waterways, restricting the amount of oxygen in the water and effectively killing off aquatic life below.

The poverty levels in Jakarta are staggering and sobering. It is thought that over 5 million residents live in slum communities in Greater Jakarta, many of which are found along the waterways of the city.

Standing one morning in one such community on the banks of the Ciliwung River in central Jakarta, I photographed a young family who ran a small shop selling sweets and snacks. A few metres away from the storefront were the banks of the river. Its brown waters swiftly moved past us, carrying with it plastic bags, bottles, polystyrene boxes and other random items discarded further upstream.

Across the river, a wall of ramshackle houses built on stilts perched perilously close to the surface of the water. Regular sounds of splashes could be heard as toilets were emptied, discarding the contents straight into the water beneath. The river, like many throughout Jakarta, had effectively become a sewer.

As I travelled around the city documenting how the residents were being affected by issues such as rising sea levels, flooding and climate change, I made a note to start photographing some of the pollution I came across. I decided to focus on the form, shapes and colours that I saw. I did this, as I wanted to try to show the issue in a new way and try to draw the viewer in, even though the scene actually might make the viewer want to turn away.

One of the most shocking scenes I witnessed was in the small community of Muara Baru in the north of Jakarta. My guide and I were exploring some of the communities that lined the area's waterways when we came across a river which was completely covered in refuse and trash. I had never witnessed anything like it. I felt a deep pang of sadness as I looked upon the scene before me. I stood there stunned for some time before I took a picture.

In January, floods had inundated the city and in this particular community, large amounts of trash had been washed upstream and deposited there. Children played by the water and women cooked food on stoves just metres away. It was a depressing scene.

Water pollution is such a critical issue in Jakarta. Sadly, it is often the poorest communities that are the most at risk and the first to be affected. I saw some shocking scenes during my time in these communities but I met some of the warmest and friendliest people I have encountered whilst travelling in Asia.

Changes are beginning to take place in Jakarta. Reservoirs and rivers are being dredged and the government is coming under more and more pressure to effectively deal with these issues and prevent the inevitable health issues that come with living in these conditions. It will be a long battle however and the future of the city and its residents is still very uncertain.
About the author: Sean Gallagher is a Beijing-based British environmental photojournalist whose work focuses on highlighting the conflicts between nature and humanity in developing nations in Asia. He works with many of the world's leading news outlets and is a 5-time recipient of the Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting Travel Grant. He is also a contributing photographer to the National Geographic Image Collection. Visit his website here. This article originally appeared here.

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Toxic Waters: Photographing the Severe Pollution in Jakarta, Indonesia

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In April of this year, I travelled to the Indonesian capital of Jakarta for the first time. I was excited to visit this new city and start to photograph in one of the world's most underreported emerging economies.

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Pollution is bad for the world because it damages the environment.

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Figure 1 tracks the per-person resource demand Ecological Footprint and biocapacity in Indonesia since 1961. Biocapacity varies each year with ecosystem management, agricultural practices (such as fertilizer use and irrigation), ecosystem degradation, and weather, and population size. Footprint varies with consumption and production efficiency.

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Deforestation is considered to be one of the contributing factors to global climate change. Trees absorb greenhouse gases and carbon emissions. They produce oxygen and perpetuate the water cycle by releasing water vapor into the atmosphere. Without trees, forest lands can quickly become barren land. Because of the increase in the world's population, people demand more land for planting natural resources such as palm trees or even for collecting fossil fuels if people don't stop cutting down the trees there will be way to much pollution.