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ELLA:
Requires prescription
weight more than 195 lbs it is not effective
more expense
More effective
effective up to 5 days
use once per menstrual cycle
delays menstrual cycle

Plan B:
Weight more than 160 lbs it is not effective
Less effective
effective up to 3 days

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Can cause irregular periods
non-hormonal IUD can make periods heavier and increase risk of infection
Painful insertion, painful symptoms after insertion
Can fall out, can't use a menstrual cup
Can spread infection during insertion

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- Record menstrual cycle on a calendar for 8-12 months. The first day of a period is Day 1.
- If all cycles are shorter than 27 days, the calendar method won’t be accurate.
- The average menstrual cycle is 28 days.
- Ovulation normally occurs between 13-20 days after a period begins.

Benefits: no hormones are used, less invasive method
Risks: not always accurate, cycle length can change

Best method for: individuals trying to conceive

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Vasectomy is not easily reversed, and reversal is not commonly covered by most insurance.

Still need other form of contraception until about 12 weeks or it is determined that your semen is sperm free.

Complications can be blood inside scrotum, hard lumps called sperm granulomas, infection, or long-term testicle pain.

Vas deferens tubes can reconnect (rare).

Does not protect against STIs

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- <90% efficacy (both)
- short term solutions
- can be moved out of place
- spermicide has side effects (increases risk of STIs)
- still need a condom to prevent STIs
- gaining/losing weight can make size of diaphragm not fit

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long-term, low maintenance, highly effective (99.9%), fewer side effects
The hormonal IUD can lighten periods and can be used as emergency contraception
Can be used during breastfeeding

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-irreversible
-invasive surgical procedure
-chance that the patient will regret their decision if they decide later on they want a child/more children via pregnancy
-potential injury to other organs during the surgery
-estimated failure in 1 of 200 cases
-risk for chronic pelvic or abdominal pain following the procedure

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- non-hormonal
- don't need a prescription
- can insert diaphragm 18hr in advance
- sponge can be inserted 24hr in advance
- both can be used multiple times in single time frame
- females have control!

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They help to prevent a pregnancy before fertilization of an egg
Is taken within hours to a couple of days after unprotected sex
Do not need a prescription to access it in many states
Plan B can be taken up to 3 days after unprotected sex, Ella can be taken 5 days after
Does not affect future fertility
Can be pretty affordable depending on where your located (as low as 6 dollars)

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Plan B:
Prevents/delays ovulation. Makes it difficult for the sperm to reach an egg for fertilization.
Ella:
Morning after pill
contains a hormone called ulipristal acetate which inhibits ovulation

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During ovulation the basal body temp will increase. Three days before that peak temp (time of ovulation) and up to 24 hours after ovulation is when the person is most fertile.

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99% effective in preventing pregnancy.

Does not interfere with hormones, sex drive or performance.

Rare to produce long term adverse effects.

Simpler and safer than female sterilization.

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The sponge: place intravaginally to prevent sperm from reaching uterus, also includes spermicide (kills sperm)

The diaphragm: silicone cup placed vaginally before sex to prevent pregnancy, similar to a condom (used with spermicide as well)

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- Hormones that control the menstrual cycle also change the amount of mucus you have during ovulation.
- Right after a period, there’s little mucus present known as “dry days.”
- When an egg starts to mature, mucus increases in the vagina. It is usually white or yellow and cloudy/sticky.
- The greatest amount of mucus appears just before ovulation during “wet days” when the mucus is clear and slippery. This is when fertility is at its highest.
- An individual is most fertile at the first signs of wetness after their period or 1-2 days before wetness begins.

Benefits: no hormones used, less invasive
Risks: not always accurate, can be hard to differentiate change in mucus

Best method for: individuals trying to conceive

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Teenagers, people engaging in risky sexual practices, people with multiple sexual partners, people in monogamous relationships who don't want to get pregnant

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-more than 99% effective at preventing pregnancy
-can be done in an outpatient center, or it can be done immediately following delivery
-can be done whenever a patient chooses they are done having children/attempting to get pregnant
-non-hormonal
-can lower chances of ovarian cancer
-starts working immediately
-permanent
-does not impact/change the menstrual cycle

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hormonal IUD and Nexplanon: They thin the intrauterine lining to prevent fertilization; thicken the cervical mucus to make it harder for sperm to get through
Non-hormonal IUD: create a toxic environment for sperm

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can use while breastfeeding
smokers can safely use it
safe for history of blood clots, HTN, heart problems and estrogen concerns with side effects

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Lactational Amenorrhea (How Does It Work)

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Lactational Amenorrhea (How Does It Work)

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During periods of breastfeeding the body stops menses temporarily to promote milk production

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Condoms can break and result in pregnancy/ transmission of STDs, can cause irritation or allergic reactions

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If you do not have sex or in vitro fertilization you cannot get pregnant...

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Prevents pregnancy, only form of contraception that prevents STDs, No added hormones, easy to use, easy to purchase

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- it can cause temporary side effects at first, such as headaches, nausea, breast tenderness and mood swings – if these do not go after a few months, it may help to change to a different pill
- it can increase your blood pressure
- it does not protect you against sexually transmitted infections
- breakthrough bleeding and spotting is common in the first few months of using the pill
- it has been linked to an increased risk of some serious health conditions, such as blood clots and breast cancer

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Prevents semen from entering the cervix. Acts as a physical barrier to prevent transmission of bodily fluids and STI's. Spermicide kills the sperm before it can enter the cervix

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If you are not menstruating and lack the ability to do so, you cannot get pregnant.

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Includes Depo Provera injection and progesterone-only pills

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Includes Depo Provera injection and progesterone-only pills

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thickening the mucus in the neck of the uterus, so it's harder for sperm to penetrate into the uterus and reach an egg it may also keep you from ovulating

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inhibits the secretion of gonadotropins which primarily prevents follicular maturation and ovulation and causes thickening of cervical mucus

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How does the cervical mucus method work?

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How does the cervical mucus method work?

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How does the Basal Body Temperature method work?

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How does the Basal Body Temperature method work?

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If you do not have a menstrual cycle or have sex you cannot get pregnant

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These methods with the exception of abstinence provide no protection from STIs. Lactational amenorrhea is not 100% effective. Loss of bone density and fertility issues can arise from amenorrhea

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Includes female and male condom and spermicide

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Includes female and male condom and spermicide

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Includes birth control pills and NuvaRing

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Includes birth control pills and NuvaRing

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The pill prevents the ovaries from releasing an egg each month (ovulation). It also: thickens the mucus in the neck of the womb, so it is harder for sperm to penetrate the womb and reach an egg. thins the lining of the womb, so there is less chance of a fertilised egg implanting into the womb and being able to grow.

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Benefits:

relieve period pain

often lead to lighter periods

Improves acne

reduce the risk of endometrial and ovarian cancer

protect against acute pelvic inflammatory disease and ectopic pregnancies

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Includes Nexplanon, Hormonal IUD, Non-Hormonal Copper IUD

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Includes Nexplanon, Hormonal IUD, Non-Hormonal Copper IUD

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it can cause temporary side effects at first, such as headaches, nausea, breast tenderness and mood swings – if these do not go after a few months, it may help to change to a different pill

it can increase your blood pressure

it does not protect you against sexually transmitted infections

breakthrough bleeding and spotting is common in the first few months of using the pill

it has been linked to an increased risk of some serious health conditions, such as blood clots and breast cancer

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contraindications if past or present breast cancer, liver diseases, unexplained uterine bleeding, or certain medications for HIV, TB, or seizure meds.
91% effective
weight gain
stays in the system for a while after
ectopic pregnancy possible
side effects-spotting,acne, breast tenderness, decreased libido, depression, HA, N/V, and ovarian cysts.