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Project Scheduling - PERT_CPM _ Finding Critical Path

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Common Resource Management Challenges and How to Overcome Them

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10 Attributes of an Effective Project Manager

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PROJECT MANAGEMENT VS GENERAL MANAGEMENT

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PROJECT MANAGEMENT VS GENERAL MANAGEMENT

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5 basic phases in the project management 

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5 basic phases in the project management 

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PROCESS 1: INITIATION

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PROCESS 2: PLANNING

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PROCESS 3: EXECUTION

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PROCESS 4: MONITOR & CONTROL

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PROCESS 5: COMPLETION

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EXERCISE: FIND THE ESTIMATION SCHEDULING

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W6.Ex1 Draw the network diagram

W6.Ex2 List the network paths

W6.Ex3 Determine the critical path(s)

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DATABASE, FILE, RECORD, FIELD, BYTE & BIT

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DATABASE, FILE, RECORD, FIELD, BYTE & BIT

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Problems with the Traditional File Environment

In most organizations, systems tended to grow independently without a company-wide plan. Accounting, finance, manufacturing, human resources, and sales and marketing all developed their own systems and data files. Each application, of course, required its own files and its own computer program to operate. For example, the human resources functional area might have a personnel master file, a payroll file, a medical insurance file, a pension file, a mailing list file, and so forth until tens, perhaps hundreds, of files and programs existed. In the company as a whole, this process led to multiple master files being created, maintained, and operated by separate divisions or departments. As this process goes on for 5 or 10 years, the organization is saddled with hundreds of programs and applications that are very difficult to maintain and manage. The resulting problems are data redundancy and inconsistency, program-data dependence, inflexibility, poor data security, and an inability to share data among applications.

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Relational DBMS

Contemporary DBMS use different database models to keep track of entities, attributes, and relationships. The most popular type of DBMS today for PCs as well as for larger computers and mainframes is the relational DBMS. Relational databases represent data as two-dimensional tables (called relations). Tables may be referred to as files. Each table contains data on an entity and its attributes. Microsoft Access is a relational DBMS for desktop systems, whereas DB2, Oracle Database, and Microsoft SQL Server are relational DBMS for large mainframes and midrange computers. MySQL is a popular open-source DBMS, and Oracle Database Lite is a DBMS for small handheld computing devices.

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Capabilities of Database Management Systems

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Unnormalization

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NORMALIZATION

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Entity Relationship (ER) diagram

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ANOTHER ERD EXAMPLE

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Data Flow Diagram (DFD)

A data flow diagram (DFD) maps out the flow of information for any process or system. It uses defined symbols like rectangles, circles, and arrows, plus short text labels, to show data inputs, outputs, storage points, and the routes between each destination. Data flowcharts can range from simple, even hand-drawn process overviews, to in-depth, multi-level DFDs that dig progressively deeper into how the data is handled. They can be used to analyze an existing system or model a new one. Like all the best diagrams and charts, a DFD can often visually “say” things that would be hard to explain in words, and they work for both technical and non-technical audiences, from developers to CEO. That’s why DFDs remain so popular after all these years. While they work well for data flow software and systems, they are less applicable nowadays to visualizing interactive, real-time, or database-oriented software or systems.

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1) ENTITY, 2) DATA FLOW, 3) PROCESS & 4) DATA STORE

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Week 10 Excercise

W10 Ex1 Explain what is meant by the project manager having credibility?

W10 Ex2 What is micromanagement?

W10 Ex3 The PM is surrounded by conflict and trapped in a high-stress occupation, please do suggest several ways to control stress.

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Project Managers are primarily responsible for the completion of the project as planned. Depending on the type of project organization, they usually play a lead role in the overall planning, executing, monitoring, controlling, and closing of projects. This includes managing, reviewing, and prioritizing the day-to-day project activities with an objective to stay on time and under budget, as well as managing the project resources. Their responsibilities also include status and executive reporting, risk management, conflict mediation, project communication management, and stakeholder management. Project Managers, typically use Project Management software, such as Microsoft Project, to plan and schedule tasks and provide a framework for Project Management activities. The primary purpose of these Project Management tools is to help Project Managers prepare, execute, and control all aspects of a project or a group of projects with optimal time management.

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3.2 The Project Management Responsibilities

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3.2 The Project Management Responsibilities

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The project manager, operating within agreed reporting structures, is responsible for:

designing and applying appropriate project management standards for incorporation in the NI Gateway Review Process

managing the production of the required deliverables

planning and monitoring the project

adopting any delegation and use of project assurance roles within agreed reporting structures

preparing and maintaining the project, stage, and exception plans as required

managing project risks, including the development of contingency plans

liaison with programme management (if the project is part of a programme) and related projects to ensure that work is neither overlooked nor duplicated

monitoring overall progress and use of resources, initiating corrective action where necessary

applying change control and configuration management processes

reporting through agreed lines on project progress through highlight reports and end-stage assessments

liaison with appointed project assurance representatives to assure the overall direction and integrity of the project

maintaining an awareness of potential interdependencies with other projects and their impact

adopting and applying appropriate technical and quality strategies and standards

identifying and obtaining support and advice required for the management, planning, and control of the project

managing project administration

conducting a project evaluation review to assess how well the project was managed

preparing any follow-on action recommendations

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When choosing a Project Manager, some criteria to consider include:

Experience in managing projects

Mastery of the project management process and tools

Ability to dedicate the time necessary for project success

Attention to detail

Obsession with achieving objectives on time and on-budget

Ability to communicate, orally and in writing

Skills and experience managing and influencing people including those who are not direct reports

Ability to juggle multiple responsibilities

Flexibility – Tenacity – Patience

Choosing the right PM is essential to project success. Choose wisely and you dramatically improve the chances that your next project will come in on time, on budget, and with the anticipated results.

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10 Attributes of an Effective Project Manager

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CSC2803 Assignment 2 (2 Person Per Group)

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Week 9 Excercise

W9.E1 List the activities involved in ordering your food using a Food Ordering System.

W9.E2 Draw a Context Diagram for Food Ordering System

W9.E3 Draw a Level-0 DFD for Food Ordering System

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FINAL-TAKWIM KALENDAR AKADEMIK SESI PENGAJIAN 2025 - 2026

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Verified CSC2803 Assignment 2 S1 2025.2026 (3 Person Per Group)

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Qusetion & Rubrics Final Project CSC2803 S1 2025.2026

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CSC2803 Assignment 2 S2 2025.2026 Report Pelajar

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Qusetion & Rubrics Final Project CSC2803 S2 2025.2026