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Cognitive psychology theory that studies mental processes acquiring, storing, and using information. The flow of information through different stages.

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The human mind is a processor similarly to a computer.

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George Miller- proposed that human short-term memory has a limited capacity.

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1. Serial Processing Theory

2. Parallel Processing Theory

3. Hierarchical Processing Theory

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Proposes that information is processed one step at a time in the order received. Each piece of information is held in short-term memory until the next piece of information arrives. Then, this information is either transferred to long term memory or discarded entirely if no longer relevant.

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Multiple pieces of information can be processed at the same time rather than in succession. Contrary to the concept of limited capacity for short term memory.

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Different levels of complexity exist within cognitive processes. Higher level tasks require more complex mental operations than lower level tasks.

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1. Driving (Requires processing multiple pieces of sensory information in parallel to make safe decisions when behind the wheel.)

2. Learning a Language (involves both serial and parallel processing as you are encoding new words while also rehearsing previously learned words at the same time.)

3. Problem Solving (involves hierarchical processing as different levels of complexity are required for different tasks.)

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Four Stages if Processing Information Theory

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Four Stages if Processing Information Theory

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1. Encoding (Taking in information from environment and assigning it meaning.)

2. Storage (Information is held temporarily in short term memory while it is processed or sent to long term memory)

3. Retrieval (Accessing previously stored information from either short-term or long-term memory for utilization)

4. Transformation (Transforming information into a more useful form)

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Facilitates better problem solving techniques. This theory provides insight on learning, decision making, and information recall.

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1. Ignores emotion and creativity.

2. Theory may be too simplistic.

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1. Memory techniques in order to better remember material.

2. Taking notes while studying or reading.

3. Break up complex tasks into smaller, more manageable chunks.

4. Stay focused on task at hand and eliminate distractions.

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All people have different types of intelligences. People can have different strengths in different areas of intelligence aside from intellectual capacity.

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Some argue Gardner's definition of intelligence is too broad. They argue his 8 types of intelligence are rather talents, abilities, and personality traits.

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Howard Gardner- Proposed that multiple types of intelligence can exist.

1. Visual-spatial

2. Linguistic-verbal

3. Logical-mathematical

4. Body-kinesthetic

5. Musical

6. Interpersonal

7. Intrapersonal

8. Naturalistic

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People who are good at visualizing things. Often good with directions, maps, charts, videos, etc.

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Able to use words well, both in writing and speaking. Good at writing, memorizing, and reading.

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Good at reasoning, recognizing patterns, logical analysis. Think conceptually about numbers, relationships, and patterns.

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Good at body movement, performing actions, and physical control. These people tend to excel in dance and sports.

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Good at thinking in patterns, rhythms, and sounds. They have strong composition in music and musical performance.

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Good at understanding and interacting with other people. Excel in assessing emotions, motivations, desires, and intentions of others.

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Good at being aware of their own personal emotions and feelings. Enjoy self-reflection, daydreaming, and exploring personal strengths.

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More in tune with nature. Interested in exploring nature and animal species. Highly aware of even subtle changes in the environment.

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Ability to delve in deeper to questions about life and existence. These people contemplate "big" questions about topics such as the meaning of life.