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How Technology is Transforming Healthcare.

Dezieva Rayana

ped024-24

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Teleconferences: A Modern Communication Tool

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Telemedicine is the use of telecommunication technologies to provide healthcare services remotely. It allows patients to receive consultations, diagnoses, and treatment without needing to visit a clinic or hospital.

Goals of Telemedicine:

• Remote diagnosis and treatment.

• Increased accessibility to healthcare services.

• Continuous monitoring of patient health.

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• 1960s: The use of telemedicine by NASA for monitoring astronauts’ health.

• 1970s–1990s: Development of early remote diagnostic systems in the U.S. and Europe.

• 2000s: Expansion of telemedicine with internet and mobile technologies.

• 2020s: COVID-19 accelerated the global adoption of telemedicine.

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1. Remote Consultations

Doctors conduct consultations with patients via video calls or phone calls, allowing medical assistance without the need to visit a clinic.

2. Remote Diagnosis

The use of technology to perform medical tests and diagnostics remotely, such as ECGs, blood tests, or scans using specialized devices.

3. Health Monitoring

The use of wearable devices (e.g., smartwatches or fitness trackers) for continuous health monitoring, including blood pressure, blood sugar levels, and other health indicators.

4. Psychological Support and Counseling

Online consultations with psychologists, psychotherapists, and psychiatrists through video calls, phone calls, or text chats.

5. Health Education and Prevention

Virtual seminars, courses, and webinars on health topics, disease prevention, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

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1. USA: Telemedicine has rapidly expanded, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. Platforms like Teladoc offer virtual consultations and diagnostics nationwide.

2. Europe: Telemedicine is widely used in the UK and Germany for online consultations and medical testing. The UK’s National Health Service actively integrates these technologies.

3. Russia: Online consultations and electronic prescriptions are developing through platforms like “Doctor at Work” and “Yandex.Health,” with support from government programs.

4. Kazakhstan: Telemedicine is growing, especially in rural areas. Platforms like “Medcity” and “Telemed24” provide online consultations and health monitoring.

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1. Accessibility and Convenience

• Patients can access healthcare services from anywhere without leaving their home.

2. Time and Cost Savings

• Reducing travel costs and hospital visits.

3. Improved Treatment Quality

• Faster diagnosis and continuous health monitoring.

4. Improved Access to Healthcare

• Especially important for remote and rural areas.

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Drawbacks and Challenges of Telemedicine

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Drawbacks and Challenges of Telemedicine

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1. Technical Issues

• Dependency on internet connectivity and technology.

2. Lack of Face-to-Face Interaction

• Difficulties in diagnosis without physical examinations.

3. Data Security Concerns

• Risks of data breaches and cyberattacks, requiring secure handling of personal data.

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Examples of Successful Telemedicine Platforms

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Examples of Successful Telemedicine Platforms

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1. Teladoc Health

• Offers virtual consultations with doctors and specialists globally.

2. Babylon Health

• An app providing consultations with doctors and diagnoses using AI.

3. Doc+

• A Russian platform for remote medical consultations.

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• Artificial Intelligence (AI) for diagnosis and data processing.

• Telemedicine for mental health – online consultations for therapists and psychiatrists.

• Integration with wearable devices for continuous health monitoring.

• Mobile app development for remote treatment and diagnosis.

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Telemedicine is a significant step in modernizing healthcare, improving accessibility to medical services, and optimizing diagnostic and treatment processes. Despite challenges such as technical issues and data security, the prospects of telemedicine remain highly positive. As technology advances and more government and private support emerges, telemedicine will play an increasingly important role in everyday life.

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https://ru.wikipedia.org

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Benefits, Components, Challenges, and Future Prospects

Dezieva Rayana

ped024-24

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• What is eGov?

• Electronic Government (eGov) refers to the use of digital tools, technology, and communication platforms to provide government services to citizens, businesses, and other government agencies.

• eGov aims to modernize the delivery of public services, enhance transparency, and improve public sector efficiency.

• Key Goals:

• Enhance accessibility: Make government services available online, 24/7, regardless of geographic location.

• Increase transparency: Provide clear and auditable processes.

• Improve efficiency: Automate routine tasks and services, reducing time and costs.

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1. Accessibility:

• Available anywhere, anytime: Citizens can access services from their computers or smartphones without visiting government offices.

• Greater inclusivity: People in remote or rural areas gain easier access to services.

2. Efficiency:

• Faster processing: Automation reduces human error and shortens the time required for processing requests.

• Cost savings: Reduced administrative costs and paper-based transactions.

3. Transparency:

• Accountability: Every transaction and decision can be tracked and audited online, reducing the opportunity for corruption.

• Real-time updates: Citizens are notified of the status of their requests or applications immediately.

4. Environmental Benefits:

• Less paper usage: Government agencies significantly reduce their dependence on paper, contributing to environmental sustainability.

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1. Government Online Platforms:

• These are digital portals and websites where citizens can access services such as applying for permits, paying taxes, or registering for health benefits. Examples include gov.uk (UK), GOV.UA (Ukraine), and Gosuslugi (Russia).

2. Electronic Identification Systems:

• Digital ID systems allow citizens to authenticate their identity online securely. This can include e-passports, digital signatures, and biometric data.

3. Interoperability:

• eGov requires the integration of multiple systems, allowing different departments and services to communicate with each other, sharing data and resources.

• For example, integrating taxation systems, immigration databases, and social security networks allows for seamless service delivery.

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• State Registration:

• Citizens can apply for birth certificates, passports, and marriage certificates online.

• Tax Filing:

• Businesses and individuals can file tax returns through the eGov portal.

• Social Services:

• Citizens can apply for social assistance, pension funds, and healthcare services online.

• Online Education:

• Digital platforms for public education and training courses.

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1. Digital ID:

• The digital identification card (eID) enables secure access to eGov services.

• Citizens can authenticate themselves through their mobile number, ID card, or digital signature.

2. Data Security:

• Kazakhstan has implemented strict cybersecurity protocols to ensure the safety of citizens’ personal data.

• The Kazakhstani Government Digital Infrastructure is continuously upgraded to handle growing security needs.

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1. e-Voting:

• Kazakhstan successfully piloted electronic voting systems for local elections, providing a more efficient and transparent election process.

2. e-Health:

• The e-Health platform allows citizens to schedule medical appointments, view medical records, and receive prescriptions online.

3. e-Business:

• Streamlined business registration and taxation processes, helping entrepreneurs register companies, apply for licenses, and manage tax payments more efficiently.

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1. Digital Divide:

• Despite growing internet access, rural areas still face challenges related to internet connectivity and access to digital services.

2. Cybersecurity:

• Increased dependence on digital systems increases the risk of cyberattacks, making data protection and security a high priority.

3. Digital Literacy:

• Ensuring that citizens, especially in rural regions, have the necessary skills to access and navigate eGov services.

4. Privacy Concerns:

• Citizens’ concerns about the privacy of their personal data and the use of digital identity systems.

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1. Expansion of Services:

• More services will be digitized, and the number of online public services is expected to increase, covering more aspects of daily life.

2. AI and Machine Learning:

• Artificial intelligence can be integrated into eGov systems for enhanced personalization and automation of public services.

3. Smart Cities:

• Developing smart city solutions in Kazakhstan’s urban centers, with interconnected systems for traffic management, waste management, and energy efficiency.

4. 5G Networks:

• The implementation of 5G technology will further enhance the speed and efficiency of eGov services, especially for mobile users.

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• eGov in Kazakhstan represents a significant step toward modernizing government services, making them more efficient, transparent, and accessible.

• Future Prospects: The continued development of smart technologies, secure digital identities, and AI integration will further enhance the role of eGov in Kazakhstan’s digital transformation.

• Challenges remain, including ensuring widespread digital literacy, security, and reducing the digital divide across the country.

Kazakhstan’s commitment to digital transformation through eGov is laying the foundation for a more innovative, accessible, and efficient public administration system