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No. Matric: 240394

Course: MACOM

Mahallah: Zahrawi

State: Perak

Status: Single

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Taaruf" and "Adab" are important concepts in Islamic teachings, often associated with social interactions, manners, and ethics. Here’s an elaboration on both:

1. Taaruf (تعرف) – Getting to Know One Another
Taaruf means "introduction" or "getting to know" in Arabic. It is commonly used in different contexts, such as:

A. Social and Community Context

In Islam, people are encouraged to build good relationships with others, regardless of race or background.
The Quran (49:13) states:
“O mankind! Indeed, We have created you from male and female and made you into nations and tribes so that you may know one another. Indeed, the most noble of you in the sight of Allah is the most righteous of you.”
This verse emphasizes that taaruf is meant to foster unity, respect, and understanding among people.
B. Taaruf in Marriage (Islamic Courtship)

In Islamic culture, taaruf is often used to describe the process of getting to know a potential spouse in a halal (permissible) way.
It is different from dating because it follows Islamic guidelines, such as involving family members and focusing on serious intentions.
The goal is to assess compatibility in terms of religion, character, and life goals while maintaining modesty and boundaries.
2. Adab (أدب) – Islamic Manners and Etiquette
Adab refers to good manners, ethics, and appropriate behavior based on Islamic teachings. It covers various aspects of life:

A. Adab Towards Allah

Having sincerity in worship (ikhlas) and obeying His commands.
Being grateful (shukr) and patient (sabr) in all situations.
B. Adab in Social Interactions

Speaking kindly: Islam teaches that words should be polite and truthful.
Respecting elders: Showing courtesy and listening to their advice.
Helping others: Acts of kindness are highly rewarded in Islam.
Maintaining cleanliness: Personal hygiene and cleanliness in surroundings are part of Islamic teachings.
C. Adab in Seeking Knowledge

Being respectful to teachers and scholars.
Seeking knowledge with humility and sincerity.
Avoiding arrogance and applying knowledge for good.

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Hadith Jibril: The Core of Islam
Hadith Jibril is one of the most important hadiths in Islam because it summarizes the foundations of faith and practice. It is called Hadith Jibril because the Angel Jibril (Gabriel) came to the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ in the form of a man to ask him questions about Islam, Iman, Ihsan, and the signs of the Day of Judgment.

Narration of Hadith Jibril

This hadith is narrated by Umar ibn Al-Khattab (RA) and is recorded in Sahih Muslim. The hadith states that one day, while the companions were sitting with the Prophet ﷺ, a man appeared wearing extremely white clothes with no signs of travel. He sat close to the Prophet and asked the following four questions:

1. Islam (الإسلام) – The Five Pillars (Practical Actions)
Jibril asked: "O Muhammad, tell me about Islam."

The Prophet ﷺ replied:
"Islam is to bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is His Messenger, to establish prayer, to give zakat, to fast in Ramadan, and to perform Hajj if you are able to do so."

This teaches that Islam is based on five pillars:

Shahada (Faith) – Testifying that Allah is the only God and Muhammad is His Messenger.
Salah (Prayer) – Performing the five daily prayers.
Zakat (Charity) – Giving a portion of wealth to the needy.
Sawm (Fasting) – Fasting during Ramadan.
Hajj (Pilgrimage) – Performing pilgrimage to Makkah if physically and financially able.
Jibril responded: "You have spoken the truth."

2. Iman (الإيمان) – The Six Articles of Faith (Belief)
Jibril then asked: "Tell me about Iman (faith)."

The Prophet ﷺ answered:
"Iman is to believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, the Last Day, and to believe in divine decree (qadar), both the good and the bad."

This teaches that Iman (faith) consists of six beliefs:

Belief in Allah – The oneness of Allah (Tawhid).
Belief in Angels – They are created from light and serve Allah’s commands.
Belief in Books – The divine scriptures revealed to messengers (e.g., Quran, Torah, Gospel).
Belief in Messengers – Prophets sent by Allah, including Muhammad ﷺ as the final messenger.
Belief in the Last Day – The resurrection, judgment, and afterlife.
Belief in Qadar (Divine Decree) – Everything happens by Allah’s will, whether good or bad.
Again, Jibril affirmed: "You have spoken the truth."

3. Ihsan (الإحسان) – Excellence in Worship
Jibril asked: "Tell me about Ihsan."

The Prophet ﷺ responded:
"Ihsan is to worship Allah as if you see Him, for if you do not see Him, know that He sees you."

This teaches that Ihsan is the highest level of faith, meaning:

True sincerity in worship – Performing good deeds with devotion.
Mindfulness of Allah – Always being aware that Allah sees everything.
Jibril acknowledged: "You have spoken the truth."

4. The Signs of the Day of Judgment
Jibril then asked: "Tell me about the Hour (Day of Judgment)."

The Prophet ﷺ replied: "The one being asked does not know more than the one asking."

Jibril then asked about its signs, and the Prophet mentioned:

Slave giving birth to her master – Interpreted as societal changes or confusion in family roles.
Barefoot shepherds competing in building tall buildings – Seen as a prophecy of modern urbanization, especially in the Middle East.
The Meaning and Importance of Hadith Jibril
After Jibril left, the Prophet ﷺ told the companions:
"That was Jibril. He came to teach you your religion."

This hadith is essential because it:

Defines Islam (actions), Iman (belief), and Ihsan (spiritual excellence).
Emphasizes the importance of faith, practice, and sincerity in worship.
Provides a summary of core Islamic teachings.

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The Pillars of Iman (Faith) are the six fundamental beliefs that every Muslim must have. Let's explore the first three in detail:

1. Belief in Allah (الإيمان بالله)

Belief in Allah is the foundation of Islam. It means:

A. Tawhid (Oneness of Allah)
Allah is One – There is no partner, son, or equal to Him.
Allah is the Creator – Everything in the universe exists by His will.
Allah alone deserves worship – No one else should be worshipped besides Him.
B. Names and Attributes of Allah
Allah has 99 names that describe His greatness (e.g., Ar-Rahman – The Most Merciful, Al-Khaliq – The Creator).
Allah is beyond human understanding but is always near and hears everything.
C. Rejecting Shirk (Associating Partners with Allah)
Worshiping idols, relying on fortune-telling, or believing someone else controls destiny goes against true belief in Allah.
2. Belief in Malaikah (Angels) – الإيمان بالملائكة

Angels (Malaikah) are unseen beings created from light. They obey Allah completely and never disobey Him.

A. Characteristics of Angels
They have no free will – Unlike humans, they only do what Allah commands.
They do not eat, drink, or sleep.
They can appear in different forms (e.g., Angel Jibril appeared as a man in Hadith Jibril).
B. Important Angels and Their Duties
Angel Duty
Jibril (Gabriel) Brought revelations to prophets (e.g., the Quran to Prophet Muhammad ﷺ).
Mikail (Michael) Controls weather, rain, and sustenance.
Israfil Will blow the trumpet to signal the Day of Judgment.
Azrael (Malakul Maut) Angel of Death, takes souls at the time of death.
Raqib & Atid Record good and bad deeds of every person.
Munkar & Nakir Question the deceased in the grave.
Belief in angels reminds Muslims that they are always watched and should act righteously.

3. Belief in Kutub (Holy Books) – الإيمان بالكتب

Allah sent divine books to guide humanity. These books were revealed to different prophets.

A. The Four Major Scriptures
Book Prophet it was revealed to Current Status
Tawrah (Torah) Prophet Musa (Moses) Changed over time, no original version exists.
Zabur (Psalms) Prophet Dawud (David) Some parts are preserved in modern Bible.
Injil (Gospel) Prophet Isa (Jesus) Altered, not in its original form.
Quran Prophet Muhammad ﷺ The final and unchanged revelation.
B. The Quran: The Final Revelation
The Quran is the last and complete guidance for all mankind.
It is unchanged and protected by Allah (Surah Al-Hijr 15:9).
It confirms previous scriptures but corrects the changes that were made to them.
C. Why Are Previous Books Not Followed?
They were meant for specific nations and times.
They were altered by humans (e.g., parts of the Bible were edited).
The Quran corrects and completes Allah’s message for humanity.
Summary
Belief in Allah – He is One, has no partners, and controls everything.
Belief in Angels – They obey Allah and carry out His commands.
Belief in Books – Allah revealed guidance, with the Quran being the final and preserved book.

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The Six Pillars of Iman (Faith) are fundamental beliefs in Islam. Here’s a detailed explanation of the last three pillars:

4. Belief in the Messengers (الإيمان بالرسل والأنبياء)

Muslims believe that Allah sent prophets and messengers to guide humanity.

A. Difference Between Rasul (Messenger) and Nabi (Prophet)
Term Definition Example
Nabi (Prophet) A prophet is chosen by Allah but does not necessarily receive a new scripture. Prophet Harun (Aaron) was a prophet but followed the Tawrah revealed to Musa.
Rasul (Messenger) A messenger receives a new scripture or law from Allah. Prophet Muhammad ﷺ received the Quran.
B. Characteristics of Prophets
Chosen by Allah to spread His message.
All prophets preached Tawhid (Oneness of Allah).
Sinless (Ma’sum) – They did not commit major sins.
Performed miracles to prove their prophethood (e.g., Musa splitting the sea, Isa healing the sick).
C. Major Prophets in Islam
Adam (AS) – The first human and prophet.
Nuh (AS) (Noah) – Built the ark and warned his people of the flood.
Ibrahim (AS) (Abraham) – Father of monotheism, tested with the sacrifice of his son.
Musa (AS) (Moses) – Received the Tawrah (Torah).
Isa (AS) (Jesus) – Received the Injil (Gospel), born miraculously.
Muhammad ﷺ – The final prophet, received the Quran, and his message is for all of humanity.
D. Prophet Muhammad ﷺ as the Final Messenger
Allah sent 124,000 prophets, but Prophet Muhammad ﷺ is the last and final messenger (Khatam an-Nabiyyin).
His teachings apply to all people until the Day of Judgment.
5. Belief in the Last Day (الإيمان بيوم القيامة)

The Day of Judgment (Yawm al-Qiyamah) is when Allah will resurrect all humans and judge them based on their deeds.

A. Signs of the Last Day
The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ mentioned minor and major signs before Qiyamah:

Minor Signs (Already Happening)

People competing in building tall buildings.
Increase in corruption and dishonesty.
Time feeling shorter (fast-paced life).
Disobedience to parents becoming common.
Widespread immorality and shamelessness.
Major Signs (Not Yet Happened)

Appearance of Dajjal (False Messiah) – A deceiver who will mislead people.
The return of Prophet Isa (AS) – He will defeat Dajjal.
The rising of the sun from the west.
Gog and Magog (Ya’juj wa Ma’juj) – A destructive force that will spread corruption.
The Blowing of the Trumpet by Angel Israfil – Signaling the end of the world.
B. Stages of the Afterlife
Barzakh (Life in the Grave) – People will be questioned by angels Munkar & Nakir.
Resurrection (Ba’ath) – All souls will be raised from the dead.
Day of Judgment (Hisab & Mizan) – Every deed will be weighed on a scale.
Sirat (The Bridge) – People will cross a bridge over Hellfire.
Final Destination:
Jannah (Paradise) – For the righteous.
Jahannam (Hell) – For the disbelievers and sinners.
6. Belief in Qada’ and Qadar (الإيمان بالقدر والقضاء) – Divine Decree

Qada’ and Qadar refer to Allah’s control over destiny.

A. Difference Between Qada’ and Qadar
Term Meaning
Qada’ (Divine Will) Allah’s eternal knowledge of everything that will happen.
Qadar (Divine Decree) The execution of that knowledge (fate).
B. Four Levels of Qadar
Allah’s Knowledge – He knows everything, past, present, and future.
Written Destiny – Everything is recorded in Al-Lawh al-Mahfuz (The Preserved Tablet).
Allah’s Will – Nothing happens without Allah’s permission.
Allah’s Creation – Everything in the universe is created by Him.
C. Human Free Will vs. Qadar
Humans have free will to make choices.
However, Allah already knows what choices they will make.
Example: A person can choose to pray or not, but Allah already knows what they will choose.
D. Why Do Bad Things Happen?
Tests and trials – Allah tests believers to strengthen their faith.
Punishment or reminder – Sometimes hardships come as a reminder to return to Allah.
Part of Allah’s wisdom – Humans have limited knowledge, but Allah sees the bigger picture.
Summary of the Last Three Pillars
Pillar Belief
Belief in Messengers Allah sent prophets to guide humanity, with Prophet Muhammad ﷺ as the final messenger.

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1. Ihsan (الإحسان) – Spiritual Excellence

Ihsan means excellence, perfection, and sincerity in worship and daily life. It is the highest level of faith after Islam (actions) and Iman (beliefs), as explained in Hadith Jibril.

A. Definition of Ihsan
The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ said:
"Ihsan is to worship Allah as if you see Him, for even if you do not see Him, He sees you." (Sahih Muslim)

This means:

Sincerity in worship – Praying and doing good deeds with full devotion.
Mindfulness of Allah (Taqwa) – Being conscious that Allah is always watching.
Striving for excellence – Being the best in everything, whether in worship, work, or behavior.
B. Three Levels of Faith
Level Meaning Focus
Islam Actions External practices (prayer, fasting, zakat, etc.)
Iman Beliefs Faith in Allah, angels, books, prophets, etc.
Ihsan Excellence Inner sincerity and devotion to Allah.
C. Examples of Ihsan in Daily Life
In Worship – Praying with full concentration, not rushing.
In Behavior – Being kind, forgiving, and helping others.
In Work/Studies – Doing tasks with honesty and dedication.
In Family Life – Treating parents, spouse, and children with love and patience.
D. The Rewards of Ihsan
Allah loves those who practice Ihsan (Quran 2:195).
Greater closeness to Allah and inner peace.
Higher rewards in Jannah for those who strive for excellence in faith.
2. Eschatology – The Study of the Afterlife in Islam

Eschatology refers to the events of the end times and the afterlife, which includes:

A. Signs of the Day of Judgment (Ashraat As-Sa’ah)
Divided into minor and major signs:

Minor Signs (Already Happening)

Spread of ignorance and decline of Islamic knowledge.
Increase in immorality and shamelessness.
Time passing quickly and barakah (blessing) decreasing.
People competing in building tall buildings.
Disobedience to parents and lack of respect.
Major Signs (Not Yet Happened)

Dajjal (False Messiah) – A deceiver who will spread mischief.
Return of Prophet Isa (AS) – He will defeat Dajjal and rule with justice.
Ya’juj and Ma’juj (Gog and Magog) – A destructive nation released near the end.
The Sun Rising from the West – A sign of no more repentance.
The Beast of the Earth (Dabbat al-Ard) – A creature that will mark people as believers or disbelievers.
The Final Blowing of the Trumpet – Angel Israfil will blow the trumpet, signaling the end of the world.
B. The Stages of the Afterlife

Stage Description
Barzakh (Life in the Grave) The soul is questioned by angels Munkar & Nakir about faith. Righteous souls experience peace, while sinners face punishment.
Resurrection (Ba’ath) All souls will be raised from their graves.
Day of Judgment (Yawm al-Qiyamah) Every person’s deeds will be weighed, and they will be judged by Allah.
Sirat (The Bridge) A bridge over Hellfire that people must cross based on their deeds.
Final Destination The righteous will enter Jannah (Paradise), and the sinful will face Jahannam (Hell).
C. Description of Jannah (Paradise)

A place of eternal peace and happiness.
Gardens with rivers of milk, honey, and pure drinks (Quran 47:15).
People will have whatever they desire (Quran 50:35).
The highest reward is seeing Allah’s face.

D. Description of Jahannam (Hell)

A place of punishment for disbelievers and sinners.
Fire hotter than any fire on Earth (Quran 74:26-27).
Different levels of punishment based on sins.
The worst punishment is being far from Allah’s mercy.

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Adab (Manners) with Parents, Neighbors, and Society as a Student
In Islam, adab (good manners) is highly emphasized in every aspect of life. As a student, you must show respect, kindness, and responsibility towards your parents, neighbors, and society.

1. Adab with Parents (Adab Ma’al Walidain)

Parents hold a high status in Islam, and children must always respect and care for them.

A. Quranic Command
Allah says:
"And We have enjoined upon man [care] for his parents. His mother carried him, [increasing her] in weakness upon weakness, and his weaning is in two years. Be grateful to Me and to your parents; to Me is the [final] destination." (Quran 31:14)

B. Ways to Show Adab to Parents
Obey them – Follow their guidance, unless it goes against Islam.
Speak politely – Avoid rude or harsh words.
Help them – Assist in household chores and responsibilities.
Pray for them – Make dua for their well-being in this world and the Hereafter.
Never say ‘Uff’ – Even a small sign of disrespect is forbidden (Quran 17:23).
C. As a Student:
Manage time well to balance studies and family responsibilities.
Always inform parents about your whereabouts.
Seek their blessings (Barakah) before exams or important tasks.
2. Adab with Neighbors (Adab Ma’al Jaar)

Neighbors have rights in Islam, whether they are Muslim or non-Muslim.

A. Hadith on Neighbors
The Prophet ﷺ said:
"Jibril kept advising me regarding the rights of neighbors until I thought he would make them my heirs." (Bukhari & Muslim)

B. Ways to Show Adab to Neighbors
Avoid disturbing them – Keep noise levels low.
Greet them with Salam – Strengthens bonds of friendship.
Help in times of need – Offer assistance when they are sick or in difficulty.
Do not harm them – Even bad words or gossip are harmful.
Share food and kindness – Islam encourages generosity with neighbors.
C. As a Student:
If studying at night, avoid loud noises.
Respect shared spaces (e.g., parking, hallways).
Help neighbors with small tasks, such as carrying groceries.
3. Adab with Society (Adab Ma’al Mujtama’)

Islam teaches that a good Muslim is also a good citizen.

A. Responsibilities Toward Society
Respect elders and authorities – Teachers, leaders, and elders should be treated with dignity.
Be honest and trustworthy – Do not cheat, lie, or engage in corruption.
Avoid public nuisance – Do not litter, vandalize, or cause trouble.
Help those in need – Give charity and assist the less fortunate.
Be a role model – Represent Islam with good character.
B. As a Student:
Respect teachers by listening attentively and doing assignments on time.
Avoid bullying or making fun of others.
Volunteer in community service and help those in need.
Be responsible in public places (keep schools, libraries, and parks clean).

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Nature, Environment, and Sustainability in Islam

Islam teaches that nature is a gift from Allah and humans are its caretakers (khalifah). Protecting the environment is not just a responsibility but an act of worship.

1. Nature as a Blessing from Allah
The Quran reminds us that everything in nature is a sign of Allah’s greatness:

"And it is He who spread out the earth and placed therein firm mountains and rivers, and of every fruit, He made in it two kinds. He draws the night as a cover over the day. Indeed, in these things are signs for people who reflect." (Quran 13:3)
This verse shows that:

The earth is perfectly designed for human life.
Nature is a sign of Allah’s power.
We must reflect and be grateful for it.
2. Humans as Stewards (Khalifah) of the Earth
Allah has given humans the role of khalifah (stewardship):

"It is He who has made you successors (khalifah) upon the earth..." (Quran 35:39)
Being a khalifah means:

Caring for the environment – not harming nature.
Using resources wisely – avoiding wastefulness.
Protecting animals and plants – ensuring balance in ecosystems.
3. Prohibition of Waste (Israf)
Islam strictly forbids wastefulness:

"Indeed, the wasteful are brothers of the devils..." (Quran 17:27)
The Prophet ﷺ said: "Do not waste water, even if you perform ablution on the bank of a flowing river." (Ibn Majah)
Ways to avoid waste:
✅ Use water wisely (reduce wastage during wudu).
✅ Do not waste food – take only what is needed.
✅ Avoid unnecessary use of electricity and plastic.

4. Planting Trees – A Rewarding Act
The Prophet ﷺ said:
"If a Muslim plants a tree or sows seeds, and then a bird, or a person, or an animal eats from it, it is regarded as a charity (sadaqah) for him." (Bukhari)

Benefits of planting trees:
✅ Provides shade and oxygen.
✅ Prevents soil erosion and floods.
✅ Helps sustain wildlife.

5. Protecting Animals
Islam commands kindness to animals:

The Prophet ﷺ said: "Whoever is kind to the creatures of Allah, he is kind to himself." (Bukhari)
Islam forbids animal cruelty – even in slaughter, it must be done humanely.
Ways to protect animals:
✅ Avoid harming or killing animals unnecessarily.
✅ Provide food and water for stray animals.
✅ Do not destroy animal habitats.

6. Sustainable Living in Islam
Sustainability means using resources responsibly so future generations can also benefit.

Reduce: Avoid overconsumption.
Reuse: Use items multiple times instead of throwing them away.
Recycle: Convert waste into reusable materials.
Examples of sustainability in Islam:
✅ Using solar energy instead of polluting fuels.
✅ Eco-friendly wudu – using minimal water.
✅ Composting food waste to enrich the soil.

7. Punishment for Environmental Destruction
Islam warns against harming the earth:

"Corruption has appeared on land and sea because of what the hands of people have earned, so that He may let them taste part of what they have done, that they might return (to righteousness)." (Quran 30:41)
Causes of environmental destruction:
❌ Pollution (air, water, and land).
❌ Deforestation (cutting trees irresponsibly).
❌ Overuse of natural resources.

Islam teaches that those who harm the earth will be held accountable on the Day of Judgment.

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Difference Between Taaruf and Couple (Dating in Islam)
In Islam, relationships between men and women must follow Islamic guidelines to maintain modesty, respect, and purity. Two common terms are Taaruf and Couple (Dating), but they have very different meanings.

1. Definition of Taaruf

Taaruf (تعارف) means getting to know someone in a halal way for marriage.

It is done with the intention of marriage.
It follows Islamic rules – no physical contact, privacy, or free mixing.
Involves family members or a guardian (wali) to maintain respect.
How Taaruf Works:
✅ The man and woman ask questions about each other’s values, goals, and beliefs.
✅ Families help in discussions to ensure sincerity.
✅ If compatible, they proceed to engagement (khitbah) and then marriage (nikah).

Hadith:
"When a person marries, he has completed half of his religion." (Bayhaqi)
→ Marriage is a way to protect faith and maintain modesty.

2. Definition of Couple (Dating) in Islam

Couple (dating) refers to a romantic relationship without marriage.

It is often based on desire rather than commitment.
Usually involves free mixing, private meetings, and physical contact, which Islam prohibits.
Why Dating is Haram?
❌ Leads to zina (fornication) – a major sin in Islam.
❌ Creates emotional attachment without a clear future.
❌ May involve lying, jealousy, and heartbreak.

Quran:
"And do not approach zina (fornication). Indeed, it is an immorality and an evil way." (Quran 17:32)

3. Comparison Between Taaruf and Couple (Dating)

Aspect Taaruf (Halal Way) Couple (Dating - Haram)
Purpose Marriage Enjoyment, romance
Process Involves families, follows Islamic rules Private, without family involvement
Physical Contact Not allowed Common (hugging, touching, etc.)
Privacy No khalwah (being alone) Often involves private meetings
Islamic View Encouraged – Part of marriage process Forbidden – Leads to haram actions
4. The Right Way to Find a Partner in Islam

Taaruf first → Engagement (khitbah) → Marriage (nikah).
Seek Allah’s guidance through istikhara (prayer for guidance).
Ensure compatibility based on religion, character, and values.
Hadith:
"A woman is married for four things: her wealth, her family status, her beauty, and her religion. So you should marry the religious woman, otherwise, you will be a loser." (Bukhari & Muslim)

Conclusion
Taaruf = Halal way to know someone for marriage.
Couple (Dating) = Leads to haram and emotional harm.
The best way is to follow Islamic teachings to ensure a pure and blessed relationship.