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A severe winter resulted in widespread famine in the countryside. Hail storms ruined crops, raised food prices and made it difficult to obtain food. This hit the French people hard. This led to bread riots.

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France was in serious debt due to its help in funding the American Revolution. King Louis XVI was spending half of the federal budget to help pay off the war debt. France had a absolutely monarchy.

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Rumors spread that the Queen was hoarding grain at Versailles. So a group of armed women from the 3rd estate marched towards Versailles and demanded that the king and queen leave the Palace of Versailles and move to Paris to the Palace of Tuileries.

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Louis XVI calls an emergency meeting of all three estates (Convocation of the Estates General), to try and resolve France’s issues. First meeting of its kind since 1614. At the Palace of Versailles: First Estate: Clergy (300) delegates Second Estate: Nobles (300) delegates Third Estate: (600) delegates

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members of the Third Estate declared themselves the National Assembly.

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during a break in the meeting, while members of the Third Estate were out of the assembly room, King Louis XVI ordered his officials to lock them out and would not allow them back in.

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the National Assembly fear the worst and meet in an indoor tennis court in Versailles and proclaimed the Tennis Court Oath: they pledged to continue to fight for a constitution that would grant them (Third Estate) equal rights.

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Louis XVI sends troops to Paris to calm down the chaos caused by the food shortage and pressure the third estate to pay taxes.

The National Assembly responded with storming the Bastille to not only free its prisoners, but obtain weapons to protect themselves from the occupied troops sent by the King

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the National Assembly abolishes the Ancien Regime (3 estate system)

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Declaration Of the Rights Of Man and the Citizen states everyone has the right to property, liberty, and security.

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The King and Queen essentially become prisoners in the Palace of Tuileries in Paris. The Nobles (2nd Estate) start to emigrate because they are afraid their lifestyle will be changed by the sudden outburst of chaos.

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King and Queen attempt to escape

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Massacre of Champ de Mars  
(July 17, 1791)

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Massacre of Champ de Mars  
(July 17, 1791)

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The Jacobins thought the National Assembly wasn't radical enough. The National Assembly fired on the Jacobins killing 50.

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Declaration of Pillnitz (August, 1791) 

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Declaration of Pillnitz (August, 1791) 

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Austria’s King Leopold II tried to restore the monarchy in France so he made the Declaration of Pillnitz due to the social unrest.

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The National Assembly's constitution is ratified.

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National Assembly to Legislative Assembly (Sept. 1791 - Sept. 1792)

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National Assembly to Legislative Assembly (Sept. 1791 - Sept. 1792)

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Consisted of some of the Jacobin members. During this time France still had a monarchy.

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Legislative Assembly to National Convention (Sept. 20, 1792)

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Legislative Assembly to National Convention (Sept. 20, 1792)

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It was established after they found out it was impossible to work with the king.

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His death marks the beginning of the Reign of Terror

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The National Convention to Committee of Public Safety (April 6, 1793)

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The National Convention to Committee of Public Safety (April 6, 1793)

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Consisted of mainly the members of Jacobin Club. 12 man directory led by Maximilien Robespierre

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The directory takes over and runs the country for a few years.

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Throughout the 18th century, France faced a rapidly growing population that had outpaced its food supply.

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French General launches a coup d’etat, which means a sudden, violent, and unlawful seizure of power from a government.

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Napoleon named himself emperor of France. Tried to bring power back to France.

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Invasion of Russia; Napolean meets his downfall.

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Napolean is defeated in waterloo and exiled.

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The Concert of Europe established new rules for a Monarchy in France. Brothers of King Louis XVI are put on the throne.