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Identity and Oppression: Marjane’s narrative reflects her struggle with her identity as a woman in a repressive society. She experiences the clash between personal freedom and societal expectations.

Cultural Critique: Satrapi critiques both the pre-revolutionary and post-revolutionary conditions, exploring the complexities of being a woman in Iran.

Generational Perspectives: The memoir also highlights differences in perspectives between generations of women in her family, illustrating the changing landscape of women's rights.

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Education for girls was promoted, leading to increased literacy rates among women.

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While Westernization was met with resistance by some, many women enjoyed the increased freedoms, including the ability to dress as they chose, participate in social activities, and engage in public life.

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More women began to enter the workforce, participating in various professional fields.

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<img src="https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSLZm1ST0tkDWSFp6z0qg_n84bAeTUhQZEpqA&s" alt="In 1979, Iranian women protested mandatory veiling ⁠— setting the stage for  today | CBC Radio">

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Women gained the right to vote in 1963.

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After the 1979 Islamic Revolution, Iran transitioned to an Islamic Republic, leading to the implementation of strict interpretations of Sharia law

Dress Code: Women were required to wear the hijab and adhere to modest dress codes.

Legal Status: Many rights were revoked, including the ability to initiate divorce and custody rights. The legal age for marriage was lowered, often resulting in child marriages.

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Women's roles were increasingly confined to the home and public participation was cut down. The society promoted a vision of women primarily as mothers and homemakers.

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The Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988) further complicated the situation, as women were called upon to contribute to the war effort, which led to a temporary increase in their visibility in public roles. However, the post-war period saw a reassertion of traditional roles.

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Despite restrictions, many women continued to fight for their rights. Activism persisted, and women's groups began to emerge, seeking to reclaim the rights they had lost.

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The hijab represents the enforced modesty and restrictions placed on women after the Islamic Revolution. For Marjane and many women, it symbolizes a loss of freedom, as wearing the veil became mandatory and a marker of the regime's control over women's bodies and lives.

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<img src="https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSWy4mBF0Q2qMiQvOkEWJTJeN1EvoOQzeWd2Q&s" alt="Women's marching in support of the Islamic Revolution led by the Ayatollah  Khomeini, 1979, Tehran, Iran. [2000x1334] : r/HistoryPorn">\

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While it often symbolizes oppression, the hijab can also be viewed as a complex part of cultural identity. For some women, it represents a connection to their heritage and faith. Marjane grapples with this duality, reflecting the tension between personal beliefs and societal expectations.

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Throughout "Persepolis," the veil becomes a tool for both conformity and resistance. Marjane’s initial reactions to wearing the hijab highlight her rebellious spirit. She often pushes back against the limitations it represents, using humor and defiance to assert her individuality.

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The memoir explores how attitudes toward the veil vary among different generations of women in Marjane's family. For example, her grandmother’s experiences contrast with Marjane's, emphasizing how historical context shapes perceptions of the hijab.

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The veil serves as a commentary on the broader societal changes in Iran. It symbolizes the regime's attempt to impose its ideology on women, reflecting the tension between tradition and modernity.

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Marjane’s relationship with the veil illustrates her journey of self-discovery. As she navigates her childhood and the complexities of her environment, the hijab becomes a symbol of her struggle to define her identity amidst external pressures.

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Significance of Visual Representation of the Veil 

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Significance of Visual Representation of the Veil 

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In the graphic memoir, the hijab's visual representation allows readers to immediately grasp its significance. Satrapi’s artistic choices often emphasize the veil as a recurring motif that shapes the characters and their experiences.

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The hijab contributes to the memoir's tension between childhood innocence and the harsh realities of political oppression. Marjane's fluctuating feelings about the veil reflect her internal conflicts and the impact of societal changes on her youth.