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Rene Laennec was most known for Creating the stethoscope. This is a discovery that is still used often and is a very important contribution to the medical industry. As his mother passed from Tuberculosis when he was little, he began to study several things within the respiratory system. Creating the stethoscope was one of his biggest accomplishments, as it helped all Physicians listen to internal organs.

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rene-Laennec

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The industrial revolution was when people started to create more and more factories. This is when people had realized the help machines have behind all the work that they do. It caused many people of all ages to work really long hours with a very little pay to it. This shows a big impact on what the world looks like today because the jobs are very different. A lot of the hazardous things that they had to do is no longer permitted and allowed by industries. People now also get a much higher pay and respect for what they do.

https://www.history.com/topics/industrial-revolution/industrial-revolution

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Dorothea Dix was a educator as well as a mental health instituter. For the various years she lived with her family, she was left very unhappy. At the younger age of 12, she moved away from her family and started taking courses. with this, she became an educator and taught many students about various things. After a while, she went to explore her interest and went to an institution where the "mentally disturbed" people were at. She was able to explore and see how they differed from other people.

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Dorothea-Dix

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Ignaz Semmelweis was a Physician and an Scientist. One of the things that he is mainly known for is the discovery in puerperal fever and the antisepsis for it. Puerperal is an infection that most women who delivered their baby at the hospital faced. With his knowledge, he discovered that this disease was transmitted from the past, infected, patients, to the new and healthy patients. He helped make the practice of people washing their hands and disinfecting the rooms where the woman would give labor. This helped make the mortality rates, a zero.

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ignaz-Semmelweis

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Dr. William Morton was an American Surgeon. He was most known for his discovery in the first form of anesthesia. He was a dental surgeon and along side with his dental partner, Horace Wells, they had previously tried to make discoveries on anesthesia, so that patients wouldn't feel pain. He then discovered the use of ether in the form of anesthesia, which successfully worked. His discovery helped lead us to what we have today, and all the painless surgeries possible.

https://www.britannica.com/biography/William-Thomas-Green-Morton

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Florence Nightingale was an English statistician, social reformer, and a nurse. One of her biggest contributions to today's world is how nursing is nowadays. She did many important things throughout her life, one of which is her contribution to the Crimean War. Although it was very important, her significance in nursing reformed the entire future of healthcare. She had told the Queen all the struggles that nurses and healthcare workers faced, in order to make a change. What makes this even more important, was that she was at the end of her life asking for this wish, to make healthcare workers more of a priority.

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Florence-Nightingale

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Elizabeth Blackwell was a Physician. Her significance to the industry, had also impacted the society, by being the first Physician in modern times that was a woman. She grew up with a very educated focused family and had much school as she continued to grow. She realized that medicine was the right path for her, and she pursued it. It was difficult to get into schools, as most males were people applying to medical schools. She was constantly harassed by these men in her early years, but eventually pushed through it and was ranked as the first in her class. She shows such importance and has made such a big impact because it can be see as motivation for many girls, like myself, who want to be doctors.

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Elizabeth-Blackwell

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Louis Pasteur was a French Chemist, microbiologist, and Pharmacist. One of the reasons he is know today is because of the fact that he was able to help discover many of the medical microbiology impactful things. He discovered ways different organelles moved and how it would impact the human body. This is very useful in today's world because it helps diagnose diseases, and many more things that are not visible to the human eye.

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Louis-Pasteur

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Joseph Lister was a British surgeon in his day. He was most known for his great discovery in antiseptic medicine. This is a medication that prevents the growth of any further harmful microorganisms. This was very useful in his time because a lot of the people didn't know proper sanitation and it caused a lot of illnesses to occur. With this, it made many people sadly pass and mortality rates to rise. Antiseptic medication was a big help in these situations, as it would fight off bacteria and make them immune. This is important because his concept of the antiseptic is used in surgery, that no wound can become infected. This is a very important part of surgery in order to keep the patient healthy and safe.

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joseph-Lister-Baron-Lister-of-Lyme-Regis

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This event was a widespread of all these people drinking from rivers, or using unsanitary items that caused this infectious disease to be contaminated into their body. This affected a lot of the families that used rivers and natural resources of that sort for daily living things. This wide spread of the disease caused many deaths around the world and made many people to become very ill. This event impacted the US because it really showed people how important it was to make sure you and the things you use remain sanitary.

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2394684/

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Robert Koch was a German physician. Like some of the other people mentioned, he helped played a big role in the discovery of different infectious and bad bacteria's. He was a bacteriologist and was able to see what the cause of tuberculosis, cholera, and more diseases were. This is something very major because bacteria is one of the most common of causes of how illnesses are passed from one another. Although it was like that hundreds of years ago, it still continues to be passed on by that, making the discovery as to why some of the diseases happen is very helpful in order to prevent any further distribution.

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Robert-Koch

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Wilhelm Roetgen was a German physicist. He was most known for making what we now know as X-rays. Although he worked on many other things, this was one of the most important things that is still used in today's world. X-rays help identify any fracture or other abnormalities in the human body. They help Physicians get a better view and a clearer image of the body part that they are examining.

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Wilhelm-Rontgen

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Social Dawinism is when people had started to believe that Darwins theory is used to make sense of different aspects in life. Some effects that this has is when it comes to race, politics, religion, and other things of that sort that make people different from one another. This made people think that they are superior to others because of the way they think, look, or what they believe in. They called that "survival of the fittest" because it showed that only a certain selected people were fit to be in the society. This has such a great significance on the world because it creates social injustice and discrimination, which is still a big problem.

https://www.history.com/topics/early-20th-century-us/social-darwinism

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Lillian Wald was a social reformer and an American nurse. She is most known for putting the Henry street settlement into place. The Henry street settlement is a non profit organization that raises money in order to help support healthcare. As important as it is, healthcare would not get a lot of funding in specific departments and many facilities struggled with being able to provide for their patients. As she was a nurse, she saw the struggle that they had to go through and decided to put an action into place and make this organization. This is important because it really shows that some of the most important people in our society aren't as appreciated as they should be.

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Lillian-D-Wald

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Urbanization in the Unites states was when people why lived in farms and smaller areas, were starting to move to the bigger cities. They saw that their life was not making much money and in the urban areas, there was more job opportunities and it was more inexpensive. Urbanization had a big affect on the society because it changed the way that many people lived in a handful amount of years. This was very significant to many of the places around the country because nowadays, a lot of the places have become reformed and is a very different look from suburban areas.

(From the article handouts)