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corrosion occurs in metal elements, such as iron which is included in metal elements

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At low and wet temperatures corrosion occurs by electrochemical reaction mechanisms forming oxidation and reduction reactions

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According to electrochemical theory, metal will corrode if there are cathode and anode parts on the metal surface

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1. Anode: where an anodic reaction occurs (generates electrons and releases positive ions)
2. Cathode: (undergoes cathodic reaction and accepts electrons from the anode)
3. Water
4. Oxygen

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When a metal part has a difference in heat/voltage/concentration, the metal can corrode

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When a metal part is cold deformed, that region has a higher energy than the surroundings and becomes more anodic

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When metal is embedded in water, the parts exposed to water which have a lower oxygen content will corrode

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The difference in the concentration of oxygen in the solution causes the anode (lower oxygen content) and cathode (more oxygen content) areas to arise.

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When metal is exposed to a homogeneous ac temperature environment, corrosion can occur in parts that are exposed to higher temperatures so that they become the anode and those that are cold become the cathode