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1. 글쓰기와 관련한 나의 관심 분야는?

2. 1) 검색한 원문 제목과 2) 자신이 쓴 글의 제목을 영어로 쓰세요.

3. 내가 제시한 문제점은? (우리말로 자세히 쓰시오)

4. 내가 찾은 해결책은? (우리말로 자세히 쓰시오)

5. 자기평가 : 1) 영어 쓰기를 준비하는 데 어떻게 노력을 기울였나요?

(영어쓰기를 하면서 어려웠던 점과 극복 방법 중심으로)

6. 자기평가 : 2) 영어쓰기를 준비하는데 얼마나 노력을 기울였나요?

1(거의 없음) | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5(아주 많음)

7. 수행평가를 마치고 난 후의 소감이나 느낌은?

8. 기타: 영어 선생님께 하고 싶은 말(수업 또는 수행평가 관련)

9. 페들렛에 게시된 친구들의 제출물을 살펴보고, 칭찬하고 싶은 친구와 그 이유를 써주세요.

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3학년 1학기 수행평가 자기평가

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본인이 찾은 읽기 자료 주소를 남겨주세요.
<주의> 글 제목은 "본인 학번+이름"으로 써주세요

문법 검색 사이트
Grammarly: Free Online Writing Assistant
무료 영어 문법 검사기/맞춤법 검사기 - 워드바이스 AI (wordvice.ai)
영어 문법 검사기 | 엔그램 (engram.us)
LanguageTool - Online Grammar, Style & Spell Checker

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수행평가를 위한 안내자료 및 개인수행자료 탑재용 패들렛 주소

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2023학년도 3학년 1학기 영어독해와작문 프로젝트

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2023학년도 3학년 1학기 영어독해와작문 프로젝트

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수행평가1.
1)  Google an article about the problem and the solution that you want to write about by using the internet.
* 텍스트 찾기 (2점)
2) Read the article and summarize it.
* 텍스트 속 단어 정리하기 (4점)
* 텍스트 우리말로 요약하기 (4점)

수행평가2.
1) Write about the problem and the solution.
* 문제와 해결방안을 10문장으로 쓰기 (10점)

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2023학년 3학년 1학기 영어독해와 작문 수행평가(최종)

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https://www.washingtonpost.com/food/2023/03/13/buffalo-wild-wings-boneless-lawsuit/

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A new lawsuit has a bone to pick with Buffalo Wild Wings: A Chicago man is suing the popular chain for false advertising, claiming its "boneless wings" aren't really wings at all.

Aimen Halim says he purchased the "boneless wings" in January only to discover that they were, in fact, composed of chicken breast. "Unbeknown to Plaintiff and other consumers, the Products are not wings at all, but instead, slices of chicken breast meat deep-fried like wings," says the lawsuit, which also names parent company Inspire Brands. "Indeed, the Products are more akin, in composition, to a chicken nugget rather than a chicken wing."

The nomenclature of "boneless wings" has long irked poultry purists. In 2020, Ander Christensen of Lincoln, Neb., stirred the nation with an impassioned speech to his city council on the subject, pleading "that we as a city remove the name 'boneless wings' from our menus and from our hearts."

Mini bottles of Fireball Cinnamon don't contain whiskey, leading to a lawsuit

An Associated Press story last month called the boneless wing a "culinary lie" and one example of a category of "gentle impostors" that includes imitation crab meat and baby carrots (which are actually adult carrots, whittled down to an adorable size). Cookbook author and TV personality Christopher Kimball told the news service that most consumers have "no idea where any of this stuff comes from."

"You're associating it with the Super Bowl and parties and fun, so you transform the perception of the product," Kimball said. "You can blame the food companies, but we're buying it."

Like many who lament the rise of the "boneless wing," Halim's lawsuit traces its origin to rising costs for chicken wings. In the recession of 2008, it says, poultry processors experienced a downturn in demand for breast meat, while demand for wings - deemed an affordable luxury - soared.

Around the same time, the buyers for wings grew hungrier, the lawsuit says, with Buffalo Wild Wings expanding its reach, along with chains such as Atomic Wings, Wingstop and Wing Zone - all of which further pushed up the price of wings and made it cheaper for restaurants to substitute breast meat.

In response to The Washington Post's email seeking comment, Buffalo Wild Wings sent a link to a tweet in which the company sounded a cheekily defiant note. "It's true," the tweet reads. "Our boneless wings are all white meat chicken. Our hamburgers contain no ham. Our buffalo wings are 0% buffalo."

It's true.
Our boneless wings are all white meat chicken.
Our hamburgers contain no ham.
Our buffalo wings are 0% buffalo.
- Buffalo Wild Wings (@BWWings) March 13, 2023

The lawsuit seeks compensation on Halim's behalf and for an unspecified number of other customers who claim to have been similarly duped into buying what they considered a "premium" product. "Plaintiff and other consumers would have paid significantly less for the Products, or would not have purchased them at all, had they known ... the truth about the Products," the lawsuit says.

Buffalo Wild Wings knew better, the lawsuit alleges: People have been complaining about the term "boneless wings" for years, it notes. And by contrast, the filing notes, some of Buffalo Wild Wings' competitors use different names to describe similar products. Domino's serves "Boneless Chicken" and Papa John's offers "Chicken Poppers," it says.

The lawsuit is seeking to represent a class of consumers around the country who also purchased the chain's "boneless wings" at one of the chain's more than 1,000 locations and estimates that the number of consumers totals "in the thousands." It claims that the product violates Illinois and nationwide laws banning fraud and unjust enrichment and seeks unspecified compensation and punitive damages - and an injunction against Buffalo Wild Wings preventing it from continuing to use the term.

Voraciously taste tests

HAND CURATED

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Buffalo Wild Wings sued over claim that 'boneless wings' aren't wings

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A new lawsuit has a bone to pick with Buffalo Wild Wings: A Chicago man is suing the popular chain for false advertising, claiming its "boneless wings" aren't really wings at all. Aimen Halim says he purchased the "boneless wings" in January only to discover that they were, in fact, composed of chicken breast.

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https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/addiction/video-game-addiction

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It's great to do things you enjoy. But can you go too far with a hobby? And at what point does it become an addiction? That's the question experts are trying to answer about playing video games.

Even though gaming has been around for almost 50 years, studies about its harms are still in the early stages. Different groups have come to different conclusions about whether problem playing should be called an addiction.

The World Health Organization added "gaming disorder" to the 2018 version of its medical reference book, International Classification of Diseases. But the American Psychiatry Association's manual, the DSM-5, didn't. (So far, gambling is the only "activity" listed as a possible addiction.)

It may help to start by asking yourself a few questions: Does your video gaming get in the way of other important things in your life, like your relationships, your job, or going to school? Do you feel like you've crossed the line between loving to playing and having to play? Might you be using gaming to avoid a deeper problem, like depression?

It can be hard to see a problem in yourself. The amount of time you spend gaming might seem fine to you. But if people close to you say it's too much, it might be time to think about cutting back.

If you're a parent who's concerned about the amount of time your child spends gaming, look at how well they are doing at school and with friends. Having good grades and a good relationship with parents are signs that a child's video gaming is unlikely to be a problem.

Get help from your doctor or therapist -- or your child's pediatrician, if the person you're concerned about is your son or daughter -- as soon as you think that gaming time is getting out of hand.

Studies about treating video game addiction are also in the early stages. One therapy that can help is called CBT or cognitive behavioral therapy. This is mental health counseling that teaches you how to replace thoughts about gaming to help change behavior.

If you're the parent of a gamer, a therapist can show you how to place limits on your child's playing time if you have a hard time saying no. One study found that making parents part of a child's treatment makes it work better.

To keep the amount of time spent gaming under control, try these tips for adults and kids alike:

1. Set time limits for play and stick to them.

2. Keep phones and other gadgets out of the bedroom so you won't play into the night.

3. Do other activities every day, including exercise. This will lower the health risks of sitting and playing for long stretches of time.

No one knows whether certain kinds of games are more likely to lead to problem gaming. For the time being, make sure that your child is only playing games rated for their age.

The DSM-5 does include a section to help people and doctors know the warning signs of problem video gaming. These problems can happen whether you play online or offline.

Here's what to look for in yourself or someone close to you -- your partner, a child, or a friend. You need to have five or more of these signs in 1 year to have a problem, according to criteria that were proposed in the DSM-5:

Thinking about gaming all or a lot of the time

Feeling bad when you can't play

Needing to spend more and more time playing to feel good

Not being able to quit or even play less

Not wanting to do other things that you used to like

Having problems at work, school, or home because of your gaming

Playing despite these problems

Lying to people close to you about how much time you spend playing

Using gaming to ease bad moods and feelings

Of course, not everyone who plays a lot has a problem with gaming. Some experts say that it's harmful to label people who might just be very enthusiastic about gaming. One thing they do agree on is that the percentage of players who meet the proposed criteria for addiction to video games is small. It's estimated to be somewhere between 1% and 9% of all gamers, adults and kids alike. (It's more common in boys and men than girls and women.)

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It can be hard to tell when a love of gaming has crossed into the danger zone. Learn the warning signs that can alert you to a problem.

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https://dronewars.net/the-danger-of-drones/

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The use of armed drones is presented as a 'risk-free' solution to security problems. Through using remotely-controlled aircraft to take out bad guys far away from our shores, we are told, we are keeping the public as well as our armed forces safe. The reality, however, is that drones are liable to increase insecurity, not reduce it.

Lowering the threshold for the use of force

Politicians know that the public do not like to see young men and women sent overseas to fight in wars which often have remote and unclear aims. Potential TV footage of grieving families awaiting funeral corteges has been a definite restraint on political leaders weighing up the option of military intervention. Take away that potential political cost, however, by using unmanned systems, and it makes it much easier - perhaps too easy - for politicians to opt for a quick, short-term 'fix' of 'taking out the bad guys' rather than engaging in the often difficult and long-term work of solving the root causes of conflicts through diplomatic and political means, towards

Transferring the risk and cost of war from soldiers to civilians

Keeping 'our boys' safe through using remotely-controlled drones to launch air strikes comes at a price. Without 'boots on the ground' air strikes are inherently more dangerous for civilians on the ground. Despite claims of the defence industry and advocates of drone warfare, it is simply not possible to know precisely what is happening on the ground from thousands of miles away. While the UK claims, for example, that only one civilian was killed in the thousands of British air and drone strikes in Iraq and Syria, journalist and casualty recording organisations have reported thousands of deaths in Coalition airstrikes.

It is also hard not to connect the awful terrorist attacks that have taken place here in the UK and in Europe to these military interventions. While the public as well as senior military and security officials understand that there is a clear link between military intervention and terror attacks at home, politicians continue to baulk at the connection. The reality though, as Air Marshall Greg Bagwell argued told us "When you have an asymmetric advantage, enemies seek to find a way around it, and that is what terrorism is. There is a danger that you shift the way an enemy target you and looks for vulnerabilities, and that is where we find ourselves."

Expanding the use of 'targeted killing'

Perhaps the most controversial aspect of armed drones has been their use by the United States, Israel and the UK for targeted killing. Legal scholars define targeted killing as the deliberate, premeditated killing of selected individuals by a state who are not in their custody. Where International Humanitarian Law (the Laws of War) applies, targeted killing of combatants may be legal. Outside of IHL situations, International Human Rights Law applies and lethal force may only be used when absolutely necessary to save human life that is in imminent danger. This does not appear to be the case for many of the drone targeted killing that have been carried out, for example, by the US in Pakistan and Yemen.

While some argue that it is the policy of targeted killing that is wrong, not the weapon used to carry out it out, it is very difficult to imagine that the wholesale expansion of targeted killing would have occurred without the technology. In the UK, campaigners have long been calling on the government to set out its policy on the use of armed drones outside a situation of armed conflict, something the government has so far refused to do.

Enabling video-game warfare

Separate, but connected to the idea that drones lower the threshold for using lethal forces is the notion, as Philip Alston the former Special Rapporteur on extra judicial killing, put it of the 'PlayStation mentality'. Alston and others suggest that the vast physical distance between those operating armed drones and the target makes that act of killing much easier. The physical distance induces a kind of psychological 'distancing'.

There are strong objections to this notion, particular by those involved. Drone pilots, it is argued, are highly trained professionals that are able to distinguish between a video games and real life. Furthermore, it is widely reported that some drone pilots are suffering from post-traumatic stress from having to see the results of their strikes, hardly an indication of detachment. On the other hand, there is some evidence for a 'PlayStation' mentality. In 2010 an Afghan convoy of vehicles was hit by an US airstrike involving drones in which 23 civilians were killed. A subsequent USAF investigation found that the Predator crew wanted to attack and "ignored or downplayed" evidence suggesting the convoy was not a hostile target. Elsewhere, in Dr Peter Lee's recent book, Reaper Force, containing detailed interviews with British RAF Reaper crews, several talked about missions where they became fixated on a target and were ready to strike despite the presence of civilians. Only direct intervention from others meant the strikes did not take place.

Seducing us with the myth of 'precision'

Drones permit, we are told, pin-point accurate air strikes that kill the target while leaving the innocent untouched. Drone advocates seduce us with the notion that we can achieve control over the chaos of war through technology. The reality is that there is no such thing as a guaranteed accurate airstrike While laser-guided weapons are without doubt much more accurate than they were even 20 or 30 years ago, the myth of guaranteed precision is just that, a myth. Even under test conditions, only 50% of weapons are expected to hit within their 'circular error of probability'. Once the blast radius of weapons is taken into account and indeed how such systems can be affected by things such as the weather, it is clear that 'precision' cannot by any means be assured.

Politicians and defence officials too have been seduced by the myth of precision war and are opening up areas that would previously been out of bounds - due to the presence of civilians - to air strikes. Perhaps most telling, internal military data which counters the prevailing narrative that drones are better than traditional piloted aircraft is simply classified.

Ushering in permanent war

Perhaps the most dangerous aspect of the rise of remote, drone warfare is that it is ushering in a state of permanent/forever war. With no (or very few) troops deployed on the ground and when air strikes can be carried out with impunity by drone operators who then commute home at the end of the day, there is little public or political pressure to bring interventions to an end.

Drones are enabling states to carry out attacks with seemingly little reference to international law norms. US law professor Rosa Brooks argued in a disturbing article in Foreign Policy that ' there's no such thing as peacetime ' anymore. "Since 9/11," she writes "it has become virtually impossible to draw a clear distinction between war and not-war." Rather than challenging the erosion of the boundaries between crucially distinct legal frameworks, Brooks argues that we must simply accept that "the Forever War is here to stay." To do otherwise she maintains is "largely a waste of time and energy. "Wartime is the only time we have" she insists.

The slide towards forever war must be rejected and resisted. It is incumbent on us all, citizen, politician, military officer, to work towards global peace and security, not permanent warfare.
--//-
The growing use of armed drones and the concept of remote, risk free war is a perilous military escalation. In short, armed drones are simply making the world a more dangerous place. For more detail see What's Wrong With Armed Drones?

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The use of armed drones is presented as a 'risk-free' solution to security problems. Through using remotely-controlled aircraft to take out bad guys far away from our shores, we are told, we are keeping the public as well as our armed forces safe. The reality, however, is that drones are liable to increase insecurity, not reduce it.

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과제: 기본 욕구, 안전 및 복지 | Youth.gov

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https://www.educba.com/artificial-intelligence-problems/

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Overview of Artificial Intelligence Problems

Artificial Intelligence continues to bring incremental benefits to human life. As per the Mckinsey report, Artificial Intelligence is set to add $ 13 Trillion to the global economy by 2030 which is about 16% of the total global share. Notwithstanding the tangible and monetary benefits, AI has various shortfall and problems which inhibits its large scale adoption. The problems include Safety, Trust, Computation Power, Job Loss concern, etc.

Major Problems Associated with Artificial Intelligence

The following are a few of the major problems associated with Artificial Intelligence and its possible solutions.

1. Job Loss Problem

Job loss concerns related to Artificial Intelligence has been a subject of numerous business cases and academic studies. As per an Oxford Study, more than 47% of American jobs will be under threat due to automation by the mid-2030s. As per the World Economic Forum, Artificial Intelligence automation will replace more than 75 million jobs by 2022. Some of the figures are even more daunting. As per another Mckinsey report, AI-bases robots could replace 30% of the current global workforce. As per the AI expert and Venture Capitalist Kai-Fu Lee, 40% of the world jobs will be replaced by AI-based bots in the next 10-15 years. Low income and low skilled workers will be the worst hit by this change. As the AI becomes smarter by the day even the High paid, High skill workers, become more vulnerable to job losses as, given the high cost of skilled workers, the companies get better margins by automating their work. However, these issues related to Job loss and wages can be addressed by focussing on the following measures.

Overhauling the education system and giving more focus on skills like Critical Thinking, Creativity, and Innovation as these skills are hard to replicate.

Increasing both public and private investment in developing human capital so that they are better aligned with industry demand.

Improving the condition of the labor market by bridging the demand-supply gap and giving impetus to the gig economy.

2. Safety Problem

There has always been much furor about safety issues associated with Artificial Intelligence. When experts like Elon Musk, Stephen Hawking, Bill Gates among various others express concern related to AI safety we should pay heed to its safety issues. There have been various instances where Artificial Intelligence has gone wrong when Twitter Chabot started spewing abusive and Pro-Nazi sentiments and in other instance when Facebook AI bots started interacting with each other in a language no one else would understand, ultimately leading to the project being shut down.

There are grave concerns about Artificial Intelligence doing something harmful to humankind. The case in point is autonomous weapons which can be programmed to kill other humans. There are also imminent concerns with AI forming "Mind of their Own" and doesn't value human life. If such weapons are deployed, it will be very difficult to undo its repercussions. The following are the measures that can be taken to mitigate these concerns.

We need to have strong regulations especially when it comes to creation or experimentation of Autonomous weapons

Global Co-operation on issues concerning such kind of weapons is needed so as to ensure no one gets involved in the rat race

Complete transparency in the system where such technologies have experimented is essential to ensure its safe usage

3. Trust Related Problem

As Artificial Intelligence algorithms become more powerful by the day, it also brings several trust-related issues on its ability to make decisions that are fair and for the betterment of humankind. With AI slowly reaching human-level cognitive abilities the trust issue becomes all the more significant. There are several applications where AI operates as a black box. Example- in High-Frequency trading even the Program developers don't have a good understanding of the basis on which AI executed the trade. Some more striking examples include Amazon AI-based algorithm for same-day delivery which was inadvertently biased against black neighbourhood, another example was Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions (COMPAS) where the Artificial Intelligence algorithm while profiling suspects was biased against the black community.

Following are few of the measures that can be taken to bridge trust-related issues in Artificial Intelligence

All the major Artificial Intelligence providers need to set up guiding rules and principles related to trust and transparency in AI implementation. These principles need to be religiously followed by all the stakeholders involved in Artificial Intelligence development and usage

All the stakeholders should be aware of the bias which inherently comes with AI algorithm and should have a robust bias detection mechanism and ways to handle it

Awareness is another key factor that plays a major role in bridging the trust gap. The users should be sensitized about the AI operations, its capabilities and even the shortfall that is associated with Artificial Intelligence

4. Computation Problem

Artificial Intelligence algorithm involves analyzing the humongous amount of data that require an immense amount of computational power. So far the problem was dealt with with the help of Cloud Computing and Parallel Processing. However, as the amount of data increases and more complex deep learning algorithm comes in the mainstream, the present-day computational power will not be enough to cater to the complex requirement. We will need more storage and computational power which can handle crunching exabytes and Zettabytes of data.

Quantum Computing can address the processing speed problem in the medium to long terms

Quantum computing which is based on concepts of Quantum theory might be the answer to solving computation power challenges. Quantum computing is 100 Million times faster than a normal computer we use at home. Although currently, it is in the research and experimental stage. As per an estimate by different experts, we can see its mainstream implementation in the next 10-15 years.

The aforementioned problems are certainly not impossible to solve, however, it does require rapid evolution in technology as well as human co-operation. While we are well on course in terms of rate of technological advancement but we still have a long way to go to develop principles, methodology, and frameworks to ensure that powerful technology like AI is not misused or misapplied which may result in unintended consequences.

Recommended Articles

This is a guide to Artificial Intelligence Problems. Here we discuss the basic meaning with major problems associated with Artificial Intelligence AI and its possible solutions. You may also look at the following articles to learn more -

1. Benefits of Artificial Intelligence

2. Artificial Intelligence Technology

3. Types of Artificial Intelligence

4. Guide to Hill Climbing in Artificial Intelligence

5. Artificial Intelligence Companies

Related Courses

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Artificial Intelligence Problems | Know 4 Major Problems Associated with AI

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Artificial Intelligence continues to bring incremental benefits to human life. As per the Mckinsey report, Artificial Intelligence is set to add $ 13 Trillion to the global economy by 2030 which is about 16% of the total global share. Notwithstanding the tangible and monetary benefits, AI has various shortfall and problems which inhibits its large scale adoption.

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/ CBS Minnesota

Talking Points: Nurses say new legislation could help solve staffing shortage

MINNEAPOLIS -- There have been concerns about nursing staffing levels at local hospitals for years. It was the main reason for a brief nursing strike last fall.

Nurses say a piece of legislation at the Capitol would make a big difference. The bill is called Keeping Nurses at the Bedside Act. It's moving forward at the Capitol right now.

Minnesota Nurses Association, the nurses' union, says it will help keep nurses from leaving the profession. The bill would create committees made up of health care workers and management to set safe staffing levels on a hospital-by-hospital, unit-by-unit basis, including a maximum limit on the number of patients that any one nurse should safely care for. Disputes would go to arbitration.

A recent study says 2,400 Minnesota nurses left their jobs last year. And it's not just here -- it's happening across the country. A national survey found more than half of all nurses are considering leaving the profession. Nurses cite staffing concerns and burnout as the major reasons. And it's coming just as aging baby boomers are leading to increased demand.

Mary Turner, the president of the nurses' union, was a guest on WCCO Sunday Morning at 10:30 a.m.

"This piece of legislation, I should tell you, was created by no less than 70 bedside care nurses, so this is a homegrown, grassroots legislation," Turner said. "And in creating this law, we asked nurses what are the number one reasons why nurses leave the bedside, and what would we need to bring them back."

Hospitals have expressed support for one provision of the Nurses at the Bedside bill. The bill would set aside $5 million every year for a forgiveness program for nurses' student loans.

WCCO did invite a representative of the hospitals on. They were unable to be here. WCCO hopes to have them on next week.
You can watch WCCO Sunday morning with Esme Murphy and Joseph Dames every Sunday at 6 a.m. and 10:30 a.m.
More from CBS News

Esme Murphy

First published on March 19, 2023 / 10:08 PM

© 2023 CBS Broadcasting Inc. All Rights Reserved.

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Nurses say new legislation could help solve staffing shortage

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The bill is called Keeping Nurses at the Bedside Act. It's moving forward at the Capitol right now.

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https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/111314/what-methods-can-government-use-control-inflation.asp

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Inflation occurs when an economy grows due to increased spending without an accompanying increase in the production of goods and services. When this happens, prices rise and the currency within the economy is worth less than it was before. The currency essentially won't buy as much as it would before.

When a currency is worth less, its exchange rate weakens when compared to other currencies. However, this depends on whether other countries are inflating less than yours. If they are inflating faster than your country, your currency might strengthen, which is a basic purchasing power parity argument.

There are many methods used to control inflation; some work well, while others may have damaging effects. For example, controlling inflation through wage and price controls can cause a recession and cause job losses.

Contractionary Monetary Policy

One popular method of controlling inflation is through a contractionary monetary policy. The goal of a contractionary policy is to reduce the money supply within an economy by decreasing bond prices and increasing interest rates.

This helps reduce spending because when there is less money to go around: those who have money want to keep it and save it, instead of spending it. It also means there is less available credit, which can reduce spending. Reducing spending is important during inflation because it helps halt economic growth and, in turn, the rate of inflation.

Federal Funds Rate

There are three main tools to carry out a contractionary policy. The first is to increase interest rates through the central bank. In the case of the U.S., that's the Federal Reserve. The Fed Funds Rate is the rate at which banks borrow money from the government, but in order to make money, they must lend it at higher rates.

When the Federal Reserve increases its interest rate, banks then have no choice but to increase their rates as well. When banks increase their rates, fewer people want to borrow money because it costs more to do so while that money accrues at a higher interest. So spending drops, prices drop and inflation slows.

Reserve Requirements

The second tool is to increase reserve requirements on the amount of money banks are legally required to keep on hand to cover withdrawals. The more money banks are required to hold back, the less they have to lend to consumers. If they have less to lend, consumers will borrow less, which will decrease spending.

Reducing the Money Supply

The third method is to directly or indirectly reduce the money supply by enacting policies that encourage the reduction of the money supply. Two examples of this include calling in debts that are owed to the government and increasing the interest paid on bonds so that more investors will buy them.

The latter policy raises the exchange rate of the currency due to higher demand (through capital inflows if your rates are increasing relative to foreign rates) and, in turn, increases imports and decreases exports. Both of these policies will reduce the amount of money in circulation because the money will be going from banks, companies and investors' pockets and into the government's pocket where it can control what happens to it.

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What Methods Do Governments Use to Fight Inflation?

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Inflation occurs when an economy grows due to increased spending without an accompanying increase in the production of goods and services. When this happens, prices rise and the currency within the economy is worth less than it was before. The currency essentially won't buy as much as it would before.

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https://cpr.heart.org/en/resources/what-is-cpr

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CPR - or Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation - is an emergency lifesaving procedure performed when the heart stops beating. Immediate CPR can double or triple chances of survival after cardiac arrest.

The American Heart Association invites you to share our vision: a world where no one dies from cardiac arrest. Every year, 475,000 people die from cardiac arrest in the United States. Big number. Bigger opportunity. With your help, we can bring that number down to zero. Join us today, starting with this video: Learn more about the AHA's vision of a world where no one dies of cardiac arrest.

Immediate CPR can double or triple chances of survival after cardiac arrest.

Why Is CPR Important?

Keeping the blood flow active - even partially - extends the opportunity for a successful resuscitation once trained medical staff arrive on site.

Chain of Survival

CPR is a critical step in the AHA's Chain of Survival. The term Chain of Survival provides a useful metaphor for the elements of the ECC systems concept.

Automated External Defibrillators (AED)

AEDs can greatly increase a cardiac arrest victim's chances of survival. The AHA offers a two-page guide on how to implement an AED program at a company or organization. To minimize the time to defibrillation for cardiac arrest victims, deployment of AEDs should not be limited to only trained people (although training is still recommended).

How is CPR Performed?

There are two commonly known versions of CPR:

1. For healthcare providers and those trained: conventional CPR using chest compressions and mouth-to-mouth breathing at a ratio of 30:2 compressions-to-breaths. In adult victims of cardiac arrest, it is reasonable for rescuers to perform chest compressions at a rate of 100 to 120/min and to a depth of at least 2 inches (5 cm) for an average adult, while avoiding excessive chest compression depths (greater than 2.4 inches [6 cm]).

2. For the general public or bystanders who witness an adult suddenly collapse: compression-only CPR, or Hands-Only CPR. Hands-Only CPR is CPR without mouth-to-mouth breaths. It is recommended for use by people who see a teen or adult suddenly collapse in an out-of-hospital setting (such as at home, at work, or in a park).

Hands-Only CPR consists of two easy steps:

1. Call 9-1-1 (or send someone to do that)

2. Push hard and fast in the center of the chest

About High-Quality CPR

High-quality CPR should be performed by anyone - including bystanders. There are five critical components:

1. Minimize interruptions in chest compressions

2. Provide compressions of adequate rate and depth

3. Avoid leaning on the victim between compressions

4. Ensure proper hand placement

5. Avoid excessive ventilation

The Gender Difference: Men vs. Women

According to a study released by the Resuscitation Science Symposium, men are more likely to receive bystander CPR in public locations compared to women.

Women and men receive similar CPR assistance within the home, but in public 45 percent of men received assistance compared to only 39 percent of women.

Men were 1.23 times more likely to receive bystander CPR in public, and their chance of survival was 23 percent higher compared to women.

So why the discrepancy? It could come down to anatomy and a bystander being comfortable enough to perform CPR on a woman.

Find a Course Near You

If you are interested in taking a course to learn the lifesaving skills of CPR, first aid, and AED, use the Find A Course Tool to locate a Training Center near you.

Try a Blended Learning Course

Many AHA lifesaving training courses are available online via ShopCPR. Courses that involve only cognitive learning can be completed entirely online. For courses that teach CPR, students must complete an in-person skills practice and testing session with an AHA Instructor after they complete the online portion. The Instructor will evaluate the student's skills and upon successful completion of both portions of the course, the student will receive a course completion card, valid for two years. See more information on blended learning and eLearning training.

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CPR - or Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation - is an emergency lifesaving procedure performed when the heart stops beating. Immediate CPR can double or triple chances of survival after cardiac arrest. The American Heart Association invites you to share our vision: a world where no one dies from cardiac arrest.

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https://d3.harvard.edu/platform-rctom/submission/adheretech-and-the-smart-pill-bottle/

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AdhereTech is using digital technology to improve patient outcomes and address a major source of waste in the healthcare system.

Patients aren't taking their medicine. According to the CDC, nonadherence (or the failure of patients to properly take prescribed medications) causes 30 to 50 percent of chronic disease treatment failures, and results in 125,000 deaths per year in the U.S. alone[1]. Nonadherence is also a major source of waste, costing the U.S. health care system between $100 billion and $300 billion annually[2].

These costs are only going to increase. As the U.S. population continues to age, the World Health Organization estimates that by 2020 about 157 million Americans will have at least one chronic condition requiring medication therapy[3]. The American College of Preventive Medicine has written that "Nonadherence leads to worse medical treatment outcomes; higher, avoidable hospitalization rates; institutionalization for the frail elderly; and increased healthcare costs."[4] Even with all of these terrible outcomes, adherence rates for some medications are as low as 40 percent[5].

Enter AdhereTech.

Founded by Wharton MBA Josh Stein, AdhereTech uses digital technology to monitor patient adherence in real time and remind patients to take their prescribed medications[6]. The company's patented smart pill bottle incorporates sensors and cellular technology into the plastic walls of a bottle. The sensors can accurately measure a single pill of solid medication and down to one milliliter of liquid medication[7]. If a patient misses a dose, the bottle reminds them with an on-bottle light, then a chime, and finally an automated text message or phone call, which can also be sent to the patient's caregiver or family members[8].

So how well does AdhereTech work? "On average, AdhereTech increases adherence by over 20 percent and duration by over 25 percent."[9]

This can make a huge difference, particularly for patients with life-threatening diseases, and for those taking expensive medications.
http://abc7ny.com/technology/new-smart-pill-bottle-knows-when-youve-taken-your-medication/1188691/
The below video highlights an example of AdhereTech working with Mount Sinai to provide smart pill bottles to patients taking Harvoni, a hepatitis C medication that costs $1,100 per pill[10].

In addition to reminding patients to take their medication, AdhereTech also collects data on nonadherence. The company can tell if patients take their medication, if they take the correct dosage, what time of day they take it, and for how long they stay on it[11]. AdhereTech's system can detect certain patterns of nonadherence and can solicit feedback from patients via text or phone call to ask why a dose was missed[12]. Common reasons for nonadherence, such as forgetfulness, monetary issues, or dosing confusion[13], can all be recorded and tracked. The company can then, in real-time, send alerts to the patient's caregiver. Furthermore, AdhereTech can use this data to understand the drivers of nonadherence and the solutions that work for different types of patients[14].

On top of providing this information to doctors, AdhereTech can also give detailed feedback to pharmaceutical companies on how their drugs are being used by patients, and why patients stop using them[15].

Digital technology is core to how AdhereTech delivers on its customer promise. The company's innovative business model has been enabled by the relatively low cost of sensors and cellular components. AdhereTech's key critical differentiator is its ability to design products with the end user in mind, which in turn is enabled by technology.
http://www.tedmed.com/talks/show?id=299427
Josh Stein explains AdhereTech's design principles in a TEDMED Talk[16]:

When patients opt into receiving the smart pill bottle, their specialty pharmacy knows the correct dosage time, who to send reminders to, and whether to send a text or an automated phone call. AdhereTech's pill bottle requires zero setup and the battery lasts for over 200 days on a single charge[17]. When the battery needs to be recharged it sends an automated message to the patient, who can charge it using a standard micro-USB cord. The cellular technology in the bottle allows it to connect from anywhere in the world without having to sync to Wi-Fi or Bluetooth[18]. The bottle works exactly the same as a normal pill bottle, so it requires no learning by the patient. It's also provided to patients for free[19], with pharma companies paying AdhereTech directly.

Going forward, AdhereTech should continue to expand its software capabilities. As the company gains scale, and as input costs for sensors and cellular components continue to decline, AdhereTech should be able to move into providing smart pill bottles for lower priced and more mass-market drugs. Ultimately, the company's competitive advantage may rest in its proprietary database and the ability to analyze its drove of patient adherence data.

AdhereTech illustrates how the IoT has created new opportunities in the smart med space, allowing for innovation and improving patient outcomes.

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[1] "Why You Need to Take Your Medications as Prescribed or Instructed." U.S. Food & Drug Administration, 16 Feb. 2016. <http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/ResourcesForYou/SpecialFeatures/ucm485545.htm>.

[2] Viswanathan, Meera. "Interventions to Improve Adherence to Self-administered Medications for Chronic Diseases in the United States: A Systematic Review." Annals of Internal Medicine, 04 Dec. 2012. <http://annals.org/aim/article/1357338/interventions-improve-adherence-self-administered-medications-chronic-diseases-united-states>.

[3] Small, Takara. "Meet the Companies Disrupting Your Prescriptions." Free Enterprise. U.S. Chamber of Commerce, 28 Jan. 2016. <https://www.freeenterprise.com/meet-the-companies-disrupting-healthcare/>.

[4] "Medication Adherence Clinical Reference." American College of Preventive Medicine, 2011. <http://www.acpm.org/?MedAdherTT_ClinRef>.

[5] Jeffries, Adrianne. "Smart Pill Bottle Measures Meds Using Touchscreen Technology." The Verge. 08 Oct. 2012. <http://www.theverge.com/2012/10/8/3473218/smart-pill-bottle-adheretech-capacitance>.

[6] "It's Smart to Design Simple." TEDMED. <http://www.tedmed.com/talks/show?id=299427>.

[7] Jeffries, Adrianne. "Smart Pill Bottle Measures Meds Using Touchscreen Technology." The Verge. 08 Oct. 2012. <http://www.theverge.com/2012/10/8/3473218/smart-pill-bottle-adheretech-capacitance>.

[8] Stein, Josh. "AdhereTech Smart Wireless Pill Bottles." Super-Utilizer Health Innovation Challenge. Devpost, 15 July 2015. Web. <https://super-utilizers.devpost.com/submissions/38701-adheretech-smart-wireless-pill-bottles>.

[9] Stein, Josh. "Pharmaceuticals Move into Internet of Medical Things." CIOReview. <http://pharma-life-sciences.cioreview.com/cxoinsight/pharmaceuticals-move-into-internet-of-medical-things-nid-12841-cid-36.html>.

[10] Fleischer, Tim. "New 'smart Pill Bottle' Knows When You've Taken Your Medication." ABC7 New York. 12 Feb. 2016. <http://abc7ny.com/technology/new-smart-pill-bottle-knows-when-youve-taken-your-medication/1188691/>.

[11] Stein, Josh. "AdhereTech Smart Wireless Pill Bottles." Super-Utilizer Health Innovation Challenge. Devpost, 15 July 2015. Web. <https://super-utilizers.devpost.com/submissions/38701-adheretech-smart-wireless-pill-bottles>.

[16] "It's Smart to Design Simple." TEDMED. <http://www.tedmed.com/talks/show?id=299427>.

[17] Stein, Josh. "AdhereTech Smart Wireless Pill Bottles." Super-Utilizer Health Innovation Challenge. Devpost, 15 July 2015. Web. <https://super-utilizers.devpost.com/submissions/38701-adheretech-smart-wireless-pill-bottles>.

[19] Fleischer, Tim. "New 'smart Pill Bottle' Knows When You've Taken Your Medication." ABC7 New York. 12 Feb. 2016. <http://abc7ny.com/technology/new-smart-pill-bottle-knows-when-youve-taken-your-medication/1188691/>.

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AdhereTech and the Smart Pill Bottle - Technology and Operations Management

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AdhereTech is using digital technology to improve patient outcomes and address a major source of waste in the healthcare system. Patients aren't taking their medicine. According to the CDC, nonadherence (or the failure of patients to properly take prescribed medications) causes 30 to 50 percent of chronic disease treatment failures, and results in 125,000 deaths per year in the U.S.

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Unemployment Solutions: Summary, Most Cost-Effective (thebalancemoney.com)

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The solution for unemployment is, of course, to create new jobs. The number of jobs that need to be created depends on the unemployment rate and the number of people entering the labor force in search of work. When unemployment creeps above 6% to 7% and stays there, it means the economy can't create enough new jobs. That's when the government steps in.﻿﻿

For historical data on U.S. unemployment trends, the Bureau of Labor Statistics publishes the unemployment rate by year.﻿﻿ It reports the annual percentage of the unemployed in the labor force, as far back as 1949. It also indicates the success or failure of the fiscal and monetary policies through the years, since they affect the rate of unemployment.

Monetary Policy

The first solution is expansionary monetary policy from the Federal Reserve. It's powerful, quick, and effective. Lower interest rates make it easier for families to borrow what they need. That includes expensive items like cars, homes, and consumer electronics. It stimulates enough demand to put the economy back on track. Low-interest rates also allow businesses to borrow for less. That gives them the financial capital to hire enough workers to meet rising demand.﻿﻿

Fiscal Policy

If the recession is really severe, then monetary policy might not be enough on its own. That's when fiscal policy is needed. The government can either cut taxes or increase spending to stimulate the economy. An expansionary fiscal policy is slower than monetary policy to get started. It takes time for Congress and the president to agree on the next steps, but it can be more effective once executed. It also provides much-needed confidence that the government will turn things around. Confidence is crucial for convincing people to spend now for a better future.

Cutting taxes works like lowering interest rates. Both give businesses and consumers more money to spend. That increases demand. It gives businesses more cash to invest and hire more workers.

Government spending can also take the form of jobs programs. The government can hire employees directly. It also contracts with companies to build things and provide services. It provides consumers with the cash they need to buy more products.

The Most Cost-Effective Solution

Dollar for dollar, what's the best investment that creates the most jobs? A University of Massachusetts Amherst study found that building mass transit is the most cost-effective solution. One billion dollars spent on public transportation creates 19,795 construction jobs.

Unemployment benefits can provide growth as well. According to Wayne Vroman, an economist and senior fellow at the Urban Institute for the Department of Labor, unemployment insurance led to the creation of 1.6 million jobs on average each quarter from 2008 to 2010. The unemployed are most likely to spend every dime they get. They buy basics like groceries, clothing, and housing. As a result, every dollar spent on unemployment benefits stimulates $1.64 in gross domestic product.

How can $1 create $1.64? It does it through the ripple effect. For example, a dollar spent at the grocery store pays for the food. It also helps pay the clerk's salary, the truckers who haul the food, and even the farmers who grow it. The clerks, truckers, and farmers then buy groceries. This ripple effect keeps demand strong, creating added benefits. Stores keep their employees to supply the goods and services the unemployed need. Without these benefits, demand would drop. Then retailers would need to lay off their workers, increasing unemployment rates.

Unemployment benefits work fast. The government writes a check that goes directly into the economy. Public works projects take longer to get implemented. The plans must be updated, workers hired, and supplies delivered.

Funding education is also an effective unemployment solution. One billion dollars spent hiring teachers adds $1.3 billion to the economy. Better-educated people can get higher-paying jobs. They can buy more things with the higher wages they earn. Each $1 billion spent can create 17,687 jobs. That's much better than defense spending. It only creates 8,555 jobs for the same investment. Defense is more capital-intensive. Modern defense relies more on drones, F-35s, and aircraft carriers than soldiers.

The most popular fiscal stimulus is across-the-board income tax cuts. That's not the most cost-effective, according to the UMass/Amherst study. One billion dollars in cuts creates 10,779 jobs. Workers only spend half the money, which in this case is only $505 million.

As a result, reductions in the tax rate are not the most effective way to help job growth. Most people don't realize they are getting a break until tax time. The tax cut means they pay less in taxes, but they still have to pay. Psychologically, they are less likely to spend anything extra. It just doesn't feel like a bonus. As a result, people are more liable to save anything they get or use it to pay down other debts.

A more effective tax cut is in businesses' payroll taxes. The best place to give business tax relief is with small businesses. From 2000 to 2018, they produced 65% of all net new jobs created.

Fiscal Policy Risks

The downside of fiscal policy is that it could add to the budget deficit. That creates more government debt. As debt approaches 100% of the economy's total output, it slows economic growth. Investors could lose the desire for that government's debt. This makes interest rates rise, increasing the cost of borrowing.

Advocates of supply-side economics say that, over time, tax cuts boost the economy enough to replace any lost tax revenue, but according to the Laffer Curve, that's only true if taxes are over a certain threshold to start with.

The Bottom Line

The government uses two policies to tackle unemployment: monetary and fiscal.

Expansionary monetary policy increases the money supply and:

Has more immediate effects

Stimulates demand, production; and ultimately, employment

Is managed by the Federal Reserve or a central bank

Expansionary fiscal policies include government spending and tax cuts. These:

Take more time to have an impact

Have a greater impact on consumerism, so they are more effective as economic stimuli

Increase government debt and add to the budget deficit

The most cost-effective solutions are fiscal. Building mass transit, granting unemployment benefits, funding the educational sector, and payroll tax cuts allow consumers to gain more income which they spend to spur demand.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

How does a high unemployment rate affect the economy?

What is the natural rate of unemployment?

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The Best Way to Solve High Unemployment According to Research

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The solution for unemployment is, of course, to create new jobs. The number of jobs that need to be created depends on the unemployment rate and the number of people entering the labor force in search of work. When unemployment creeps above 6% to 7% and stays there, it means the economy can't create enough new jobs.

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https://www.businessinsider.com/i-wrote-novel-chatgpt-author-fear-jobs-safe-ai-ideas-2023-2?utm_source=copy-link&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=topbar

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Sergi Arguimbau is a computer programmer at the unicorn startup ManoMano.

He asked ChatGPT to write a book titled, "This book is made by AI."

Here's the chatbot's response and how Arguimbau thinks the technology will affect authors.

This is an edited, translated version of an as-told-to essay that originally appeared on February 15, 2023, and is based on a transcribed conversation with Sergi Arguimbau, a 27-year-old computer programmer, about his use of ChatGPT.
I've just published a book. But I didn't write it. ChatGPT, OpenAI's chatbot, did.

In October 2022, I started working for ManoMano in Barcelona, an online DIY marketplace that reached unicorn status after raising a $355 million Series F round in 2021.

Just before I joined the company, I had been playing around with a beta version of ChatGPT, a tool that very few had heard of at the time.

Despite being a test version, ChatGPT's creativity in dealing with certain answers was beyond anything I had seen in a search engine before.

I remember one day, I jokingly asked it to write a job advertisement for a corrupt politician. The primitive version of ChatGPT caught the irony and played along.

"Are you tired of fighting corruption and the system? Do you want to join us and become part of the problem? If so, we're looking for someone like you! We're looking for a corrupt politician to join the team and help our clients achieve their goals," the AI began, to my amazement.

At that moment, I knew I was using something really special.

A few months later, OpenAI released the final version of the chatbot, and the world was as shocked as I had expected it to be by the bot's ability to create text with little instruction and understand complex concepts.

I personally use the bot to summarize or explain issues related to React Native, an open-source framework for developing apps for all kinds of devices. Much of the information ChatGPT provides is difficult to find on the internet.

But I wanted to take the tool closer to the limits of its capabilities and test how creative it could be.

Inspiration arrived when I read an Insider article about an entrepreneur who'd used ChatGPT to write a children's book.

So, I decided to ask the bot to write a book. My full conversation with the ChatGPT is still available on ShareGPT, an archive that stores chats with the bot.

Here's a look at how some of it went:

I said: "I want you to write a full book for me. This is your time to get creative. The book will be titled 'This book is made by AI.' Can you write the prologue of the book?"

ChatGPT responded: "I'd be happy to help with the prologue of your book. However, please keep in mind that writing a full book is a significant undertaking and may take some time. Here's a possible prologue for your book, 'This book is made by AI:'

Prologue:

In the world of technology, there has been a lot of talk about the capabilities and limitations of artificial intelligence. Some people believe that AI will change the world for the better, while others are more skeptical. But what if I told you that this book you are holding in your hands was not written by a human, but by an AI like myself?

That's right, every word you're about to read was generated by a machine. It may sound impossible, but it is the reality we live in today. As you read, you may find yourself questioning the authenticity of the thoughts and emotions expressed in these pages. But rest assured, they are all the product of my programming and the data I've been trained on.

This book is a testament to the power of AI and the potential it holds for the future of literature. So, as you turn the pages, keep an open mind and enjoy the story that I, an artificial intelligence, have created for you."

The answer grabbed me immediately, especially the line "this book is a testament to the power of AI," so I pressed on.

I entered: "This prologue looks promising for the book 'This book is made by AI.' Can you write the first chapter of the book?"

ChatGPT replied: "Of course! Here's a possible first chapter for your book, 'This book is made by AI ...'"

I spent the next three hours trying to extract as much as I could from the bot.

The story it came up with was about a young woman named Sarah who had just graduated from college and faced the difficult and common predicament of figuring out what to do with her life.

Sarah began to have recurring dreams where she fell into a strange and magical world. Eventually, she discovered that she had powers that allowed her to help those she met along the way.

Finally, as she realized that the magical world must be real, Sarah left her job and embarked on a journey where she gradually learned about the meaning of those dreams and the role she needed to play.

I think the story was certainly good enough to hook most readers. But the 37-page e-book, which you can buy for 2.95 euros, or around $3.13, on Amazon, had some significant problems.

The first problem was ChatGPT's reluctance to delve into its own story. The AI kept telling me how difficult it was to write a book and kept telling me about its limitations no matter how much I insisted that it continue and go into more detail by including dialogue between characters.

Another problem with the story was that it contained a lot of inconsistencies, while also having a large number of character names from other works of fiction that I had to delete to avoid copyright issues.

The final product, a fully AI-generated text with an AI-generated cover - I used the AI-art generator DALL-E to create the latter of the two - confirmed to me that AI isn't going to replace human authors.

But I do think AI will be a great tool authors can use for new ideas. For example, I'm convinced that the plot ChatGPT wrote for me would provide a professional writer with a great platform to write a complete story many people would want to read.

It's similar to the situation in my own field. I don't think ChatGPT can ever completely replace a computer programmer because it doesn't know what the final result for each specific task should look like. But I do think the tool will save us a lot of time and work.

As for my writing career - I don't think there's going to be a sequel.

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I wrote a novel with ChatGPT. Authors, have no fear, your jobs are safe - but AI will give you great ideas.

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Sergi Arguimbau is a computer programmer at the unicorn startup ManoMano. He asked ChatGPT to write a book titled, "This book is made by AI." Here's the chatbot's response and how Arguimbau thinks the technology will affect authors.

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The big global environmental issues we need to resolve by 2030

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Climate change is the big environmental problem that humanity will face over the next decade, but it isn't the only one. We'll take a look at some of them - from water shortages and loss of biodiversity to waste management - and discuss the challenges we have ahead of us.

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https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/01/230130130507.htm

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https://news.utexas.edu/2023/03/21/physical-education-policies-in-schools-have-not-curbed-childhood-obesity/

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AUSTIN, Texas - Laws that require physical education (PE) in elementary schools are not curbing the obesity epidemic, according to a new study from public policy researchers at The University of Texas at Austin and the University of Iowa.

Between 1998 and 2016, 24 states and the District of Columbia passed laws meant to increase the time that elementary students were required or recommended to spend in school PE or PA (physical activity). Two-thirds of those states now require or at least recommend PE or PA for 150 minutes per week - the amount that is endorsed by medical authorities. Many state laws, including a 2005 Texas law that requires 135 minutes of PE per week, were meant to reduce obesity among elementary students.

Researchers found that schools largely disregarded state laws and did not increase the time that elementary students actually spent in PE or recess. Relative to states that did not change their laws, states that passed increases did not see a decline in children's body mass index, overweight prevalence or obesity prevalence.

"Closer oversight of schools would be needed to improve compliance with state PE laws," said Paul von Hippel, a professor at UT Austin's LBJ School of Public Affairs, who co-authored the study. "Yet, even with better compliance, we estimate PE classes just don't burn enough calories to make a noticeable impact on obesity. At least not as they're currently conducted."

Von Hippel, along with David Frisvold, director of social and education policy research in the Public Policy Center at the University of Iowa, published the study in The Milbank Quarterly, a peer-reviewed health care journal covering health care policy.

The researchers said to increase the calories burned in PE, schools should increase intensity - for example, by adopting PE curricula in which children spend more time being active and less time sitting or standing as they change clothes, receive instruction, or wait in line.

Yet even at higher intensities, PE is unlikely to be enough to reverse the obesity epidemic.

"Kids can't outrun a bad diet any more than adults can," von Hippel said. "Policies must address food and beverage consumption - not just inside schools but outside as well."

The study compared changes in elementary students' outcomes - PE time, recess time, obesity and overweight - with changes in state laws in a nationally representative sample. The total sample size was 13,920 children in 3,000 schools from two different cohorts of elementary students. One cohort attended kindergarten in 1998; the other attended kindergarten in 2010; both cohorts were followed from kindergarten through fifth grade. Researchers estimated the effects of changes to state laws in a regression with state and year fixed effects.

The researchers were surprised by how little the state laws did to increase time spent in PE or recess. But they pointed out several potential ways to improve schools' compliance with state laws governing PE and PA time. States might consider providing model schedules, or at least providing clearer guidance regarding what activities can be cut to make more time for PE or recess. States might require schools to submit their schedules and verify that they are offering enough PE and PA time. Study authors said this may get easier as more schools adopt scheduling software that lets them download and report schedules in a standard format.

Weight control is hardly the only reason for children to be physically active, however. Research shows regular, moderate to vigorous PA has a variety of physical, emotional, cognitive and social benefits.

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Physical Education Policies in Schools Have Not Curbed Childhood Obesity - UT News

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AUSTIN, Texas - Laws that require physical education (PE) in elementary schools are not curbing the obesity epidemic, according to a new study from public policy researchers at The University of Texas at Austin and the University of Iowa.

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https://resources.impactfireservices.com/causes-dangers-fire-extinguisher-depressurization

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Portable fire extinguishers are one piece of equipment we often take for granted. You may think your fire extinguisher is always ready and waiting to be called into service. But if you haven't inspected the extinguisher recently, it may not be as operational as you think-and could even pose a danger to you or others attempting to use it.

Most portable fire extinguishers come with a pressure gauge that indicates whether or not the extinguisher is properly pressurized. If the indicator points to "Recharge," the pressure in the extinguisher is too low to expel the chemical that extinguishes the fire. An undercharged or depressurized fire extinguisher endangers the lives of your personnel and the surrounding property.

Why Fire Extinguishers Lose Pressure Over Time

Portable fire extinguishers are metal cylinders filled with water or chemical material (the extinguishing agent). They are then pressurized with an expelent gas, normally dry nitrogen or dry air, within the same cylinder. The extinguisher valve and its related components keep the compressed gas from escaping until operated.

Over time, like an old or worn car tire, a fire extinguisher can develop a slow leak that releases the gas. When this happens, fire extinguisher depressurization occurs. This process can be due to a leaky or damaged valve component such as an O-ring seal or valve stem. Damage to the cylinder itself can also cause slow leaks.

The Dangers of Depressurized Fire Extinguishers

While a leaking or depressurized fire extinguisher isn't dangerous in and of itself (the gas won't cause damage to people, for example), its dangers are nevertheless severe. A lack of pressure causes a fire extinguisher to be inoperable.

When fighting incipient-stage fires, every second matters. The fire gets more extensive and more challenging to control as time passes. Time spent looking for a functional extinguisher, or an alternative way to extinguish the fire is time wasted, which could have been spent on mitigation efforts. Depressurization is even more dangerous in some cases, such as cooking fires, as these fires can't be extinguished with water. If a suitable fire extinguisher is unavailable, you're putting your property, assets, and building occupants at a greater risk.

Fortunately, simple visual inspections can help keep you prepared. Once a month, check your fire extinguisher to ensure the pressure gauge is in the proper position and that there are no signs of physical damage. Most property owners aren't this diligent. However, they should at least look at them semi-annually when changing the batteries in their smoke and Carbon Monoxide (CO) detectors.

Remember, fire extinguishers must be recharged by trained fire protection professionals to meet NFPA 10, state codes, OSHA requirements, and insurance company recommendations.

What to Do When Fire Extinguisher Depressurization Occurs

Even the most well-maintained devices deteriorate, depressurize, and reach the end of their shelf life. If you notice that the pressure gauge on your portable extinguisher is in the "Recharge" position or is reading in the "Over Pressurized Range," the best thing to do is to get in touch with an experienced fire protection company.

A fire protection professional will inspect your extinguisher, ensuring it's safe to recharge. Then, technicians will perform the refilling process for you at minimal time and cost. If the extinguisher is damaged or unsafe to recharge, a fire and life safety technician will recommend an appropriate replacement.
Editor's Note: This post was originally published on April 3, 2017, and has been updated for accuracy and current best practices.

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Causes (and Dangers) of Fire Extinguisher Depressurization

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Portable fire extinguishers are one piece of equipment we often take for granted. You may think your fire extinguisher is always ready and waiting to be called into service. But if you haven't inspected the extinguisher recently, it may not be as operational as you think-and could even pose a danger to you or others attempting to use it.

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https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-48346344

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Hwang Mi-sun used to watch over her baby son as he slept at their home in Seoul, to listen to every laboured breath.

From a young age he suffered from respiratory problems.

He's now four years old and has been given various drugs including strong steroid treatment to try to help. But after his fourth trip to hospital, the doctor had another piece of advice.

Mrs Hwang was told to keep her young son inside to save him from South Korea's toxic air.

"It was sad that my child started to learn not just words like mum and dad, but also fine dust so early on," she told me. "I even thought moving out of the country but I really want to live in Korea. So I'm going to do whatever I can help to solve the problem."

She decided to start campaigning and joined a group called Mothers Against Fine Dust, which stages protests and lobbies the government about the pollution.

The "fine dust" they're concerned about refers to sand which is picked up from Mongolian and Chinese deserts on prevailing winds during certain times of the year and blown to the peninsula.

But the almost romantic description hides the reality facing Koreans.

This air also contains carcinogens, invisible nano particles known as PM2.5 which can penetrate deep into the respiratory system and trigger a variety of illnesses including cancer. The lungs of children and the elderly are particularly susceptible.

Earlier this year, the levels of microfine dust particles PM 2.5 was recorded at 118 micrograms per cubic metre, the highest since monitoring began in 2015, according to the National Institute of Environmental Research.

Mrs Hwang moved her family out of Seoul to the suburbs to try to save her son from breathing in the worst of the "fine dust". But still she wanted to do more. Her campaign group was allowed to give evidence to politicians at the National Assembly.

The public hearing was fraught with emotion as mother after mother detailed the effects the pollution was having on their family. Many brought their toddlers who sat on their laps wearing face masks.

"Air pollution violates our basic right to breathe. I don't think it is a country if we don't even have the right to breathe," said one.

"Children just want to go outside and play. Nothing special, just to enjoy the change of seasons. To think that we are taking that away from them is heartbreaking," said another.

South Koreans are growing increasingly concerned about the effects the pollution is having on their health - 97% of people asked by the ministry of environment last year said air pollution was causing them physical or psychological pain.

The government's response has been to declare the "fine dust' as a social disaster to release emergency funding.

Asia's fourth largest economy has spent billions over several decades to defend itself against the threat of war from its North Korean neighbour - now it has to turn its attention to the effects the air is having on its population.

But is this new enemy from within or without?

Experts can't agree. Some say the polluted air comes from China - studies have suggested that as much as 60% of South Korea's air pollution comes from its western neighbour's industrial sites and coal plants.

Others say the problem lies closer to home.

Dangerous pollutants on the wind

To try to find out, officials from the environment ministry have been taking to the skies over the Yellow Sea, between the Korean peninsula and China.

We were allowed to go with them. It is incredibly cramped inside the specially adapted aeroplane, but they managed to give me a brief tour. We had to squeeze into tiny spaces between the various computers and numerous measuring devices.

Above a revving engine, the head researcher tells me the idea is to take samples of the air as we fly over the peninsula and measure them for various carcinogens and pollutants.

The instruments can tell which kind of particles come from certain industries such as coal power plants and which dangerous pollutants are carried by the wind. It will help give the scientists clues as to whether the bad air originated in China or South Korea.

As we climb above the peninsula, we soar near some of South Korea's own power plants. Coal generates about 40% of the country's total electricity, followed by nuclear and gas. Last year, South Korean coal imports hit a record high.

The government has closed down a number of ageing plants, but there are plans to build new ones in the next five years which has angered those campaigning for cleaner air.

Before we took flight I'd spoken to to Lee Ji-eon from the non-profit organisation, the Korean Federation for Environmental Movements (KFEM).

"All plans to build new coal plants should be halted," he said. "We also need to come up with a roadmap to reduce the share of coal-fired power generated electricity to below 20% by 2030. "

The government hasn't quite gone that far, but it has unveiled a new energy master plan to increase the amount of renewable energy it generates to 20% by 2030.

A political issue

Back on board, and after an hour flying over the Yellow Sea, there is no longer a view outside my window. The air is not just hazy, it is so thick only shreds of light make their way through. We are about 500m above sea level and the scientists are busy recording various readings of sulphur dioxide and what was described to me as black carbon.

The head researcher Ahn Joon-young is pointing out some of his findings. It seems the closer we get to China, the more polluted the air is becoming. On this day at least.

"My research goal is: where does this pollution come from, how much is it coming to Korea, and what is it we have to collaborate with other countries [on] to reduce our air pollution," he tells me.

"I am finding higher concentrations of black carbon and sulphur dioxide over the sea than we found inland. That means that some pollutants have travelled from another region to Korea."

When I ask him where they may have travelled from he laughs a little nervously.

"It is a political issue, I hear," he says.

Too little, too late?

He may not want to name China on camera, but other South Korean officials have been far more forthright.

The mayor of Seoul, Park Won-soon, said earlier this year that environmental researchers had concluded that China was responsible for 50-60% of South Korea's pollution problem.

China has stated on a number of occasions that it is not entirely to blame for South Korea's air quality and has urged Seoul to take more responsibility.

Lee Ji-eon from KFEM agrees. "Pointing the finger of blame at others will never solve the problem - especially as there are things we can do.

"If we are asking China to take action, it would make a more convincing argument if we have dealt with our own problems first. For instance, we clearly know diesel cars contribute the most to urban fine dust and yet the total number of diesel cars has increased which is the clear indication of policy failure."

South Korea's President Moon Jae-in has appointed the former United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki-moon as a fine dust tsar.

He stressed the need to identify the source of the dust first before drafting further policies and we await the findings from a month of flights over the Yellow Sea.

Environmentalists have welcomed this appointment, and the research, but they believe that is still too little and already it is too late for those suffering serious health problems.

Every year, 18,000 people are thought to die from pollution related illnesses in South Korea, according to the World Health Organization.

The issue also seems to drift in and out of newspaper headlines and the public consciousness along with the seasons. Politicians come under pressure to solve the problem only when the fine dust is at its worst during spring and winter.

But people such as Hwang Mi-Sun are always aware that their families are at risk. She believes drastic action is needed now if South Korea is to save the health of its next generation.

"I don't ask for much. I just want my children to run outside under a blue sky and play with the soil on the ground. That's my biggest wish."

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South Korea pollution: Is China the cause of 'fine dust'?

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Hwang Mi-sun used to watch over her baby son as he slept at their home in Seoul, to listen to every laboured breath. From a young age he suffered from respiratory problems. He's now four years old and has been given various drugs including strong steroid treatment to try to help.

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Almost in each of my articles I raise problems of football that seem to be important to me. This time I want to focus on a more basic problem, which is often beyond the limits of attention.

From the very childhood, I was pretty lucky to constantly be in the environment I could learn from. It was normal for me to feel like a student even when I already had to demonstrate the opposite role. There were too many opportunities around to learn from other people's knowledge and experience.

That was before I encountered sport. With my usual desire to get something new, I truly realized for the first time that I wouldn't manage to do that. Though before football, I had already had the chance to work in the area which was usually considered to be a real bottom of morality. Nevertheless, even there I had enough room for study and gaining rather interesting experience.

But this story is about football players, or rather about the global problem that lies in football. While responsible for it are clubs and the entire football system.

The moment I understood that has properly imprinted in my memory. And how can it be otherwise, when a club marketer is extremely negative about the mental abilities of the players from his own club? And instead of trying to at least somehow solve this problem, he chooses to shut himself off from the players.

Indeed, low education is a big problem for players. But it is the clubs that are to blame, for in some cases they can even deliberately encourage lack of education to better control the players.

And in this respect, the American sports system stands out in some sense, as it allows players to concurrently obtain higher education.

But what if we look even deeper? Once I came across an article the author of which was drawing attention to the fact that modern football players were becoming professionals too early, which made them identify themselves particularly with football badly enough. Football players are looking for some confirmation that this occupation is their destiny.

In a sense, one can draw a parallel with the perception of love. It's very symbolic, that a joke "If you haven't got married before the age of 25, it's too early then" coincides with the end of the changes in our brain which begin in adolescence.

According to various estimates, hormones affect the feeling of love for 1.5-3 years. Then feelings can be extended due to the birth of a child. But it's again only for a while. Therefore, there is an opinion that our species is characterized by time-limited monogamy. Nevertheless, in couples, where partners find a certain mystical explanation of their connection, their relations last longer.

That is, football players are finding for themselves an additional source of inner motivation using similar explanations. That's good, isn't it? Yes, it is, if you are, say, Alexis Sanchez, who indeed believes so. But what if the maximum you've succeeded to achieve is a stable place on the Championship's sidelines?

Many agree that a normal society should take care of high social capital as to bet not on raising the best while destructing the rest, but on the desire for a comfortable life for the majority. As it's not by chance that the leaders in terms of social capital are considered to be the countries that have crossed your mind.

According to the Legatum Prosperity Index, the top 3 states on the list look like this: New Zealand, Australia, and Canada. 10 states on the bottom are African representatives, Afghanistan, Armenia, and China.

Social identity theory makes it clear to us that when a person recognizes the role of a football player as his main one, problems start emerging. Do not forget that even that very Championship's spare player has already covered a long football way. And how many people with a player's identification have dropped out while still on their way to adult football?

According to official statistics, more than 60% of young players in English system of clubs of the top divisions find themselves outside of football at the age of 18. Half of the remaining ones drop out by the age of 21. The rest will be very disappointed when they realize that are unable to compete with Alexis Sanchez.

Nevertheless, they can be considered winners. It can be up to the moment when they have to finish their football player's career.

But what has one to do with that huge number of 18-21-year-old guys who have been spending all their time on football, but are left now not only without any other skills, but also with great psychological problems?

If the system encourages such stuff to please the market, the system then should take over responsibility for the destroyed lives, shouldn't it?

It's very good if a young football player can reach a similar opinion himself. I knew such a guy who, having played a season for the youth team of one of pretty good clubs, could honestly admit that he would not be a top football player, no matter how well he had been playing at the youth level. So he went to university.

But what about the rest? Or the players who are finishing their careers? It reminds me of the DW documentary, which I accidentally came across on the air about a year ago. It just addressed the German footballers, who finished their careers and faced not only psychological difficulties, but the financial ones as well.

I understand that many wonder how football players can face financial problems. But even the players, who once had good contracts, likewise had too heavy expenses due to their own desires and the pressure of society.

Let's be frank, even if we raise some money and deposit it in several reliable European banks, the rate will be scanty or even negative. If you start to take risks with investments, the market is most likely to take away your invested funds as "tuition fees". Especially having seen the work of some European institutional investors from within, I would least of all entrust them with my money. I'd rather spend it to get some "schooling" myself.

What is the solution? An actively discussed topic now is that of a basic income for the population. It is most likely the reality we cannot escape. Anyway, in 2016 in Switzerland they already intended to introduce a basic income of $2500 a month, but 78% of the population voted against it.

Something of the kind can be considered by FIFA. If this organization continues to enjoy its monopoly, reaping the fruits of the current situation, then one has to somehow introduce a separate compensation.

And one can start with a program dealing with the players who find themselves outside the system at a young age. After all, what can a person who cannot do anything at the age of 20 be occupied with? What if such a person bears a strong grudge against football? It would be interesting to listen to FIFA's answering these questions.
Are you willing to get advice or help with motivating your players and employees? Write to us at E-mail leon@sportsneuromarketing.com, and we will respond to you within 24 hours.
Best regards,

Leon The Alien

Subscribe to our cool E-mail newsletter, and start following me on Twitter.
SEE ALSO: Why you need to keep employees/players as far from the negativity as possible Images: Dan Gold, Giphy

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The main problem of football they prefer not to think about

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Almost in each of my articles I raise problems of football that seem to be important to me. This time I want to focus on a more basic problem, which is often beyond the limits of attention. From the very childhood, I was pretty lucky to constantly be in the environment I could learn from.

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2023학년 3학년 1학기 영어독해와 작문 수행평가(최종) (1)

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30616이준현 수행평가쓰기

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30616이준현 수행평가쓰기

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2023학년 3학년 1학기 영어독해와 작문 수행평가(30211 박승현)

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2023학년 3학년 1학기 영어독해와 작문 수행평가 30507 김태현

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2023학년 3학년 1학기 영어독해와 작문 수행평가(최종)

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2023학년 3학년 1학기 영어독해와 작문 수행평가(최종) (2)

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2023학년 3학년 1학기 영어독해와 작문 수행평가(최종) 30120 이하람 

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2023학년 3학년 1학기 영어독해와 작문 수행평가(최종) (2)

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30211 박승현 영어 수행평가 최종

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30211 박승현 영어 수행평가 최종

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30211 박승현 영어 수행평가 최종본

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1. 글쓰기와 관련한 나의 관심 분야는?

2. 1) 검색한 원문 제목과 2) 자신이 쓴 글의 제목을 영어로 쓰세요.

3. 내가 제시한 문제점은? (우리말로 자세히 쓰시오)

4. 내가 찾은 해결책은? (우리말로 자세히 쓰시오)

5. 자기평가 : 1) 영어 쓰기를 준비하는 데 어떻게 노력을 기울였나요?

(영어쓰기를 하면서 어려웠던 점과 극복 방법 중심으로)

6. 자기평가 : 2) 영어쓰기를 준비하는데 얼마나 노력을 기울였나요?

1(거의 없음) | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5(아주 많음)

7. 수행평가를 마치고 난 후의 소감이나 느낌은?

8. 기타: 영어 선생님께 하고 싶은 말(수업 또는 수행평가 관련)

9. 페들렛에 게시된 친구들의 제출물을 살펴보고, 칭찬하고 싶은 친구와 그 이유를 써주세요.

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3학년 1학기 수행평가 자기평가

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1. 글쓰기와 관련한 나의 관심 분야는?

게임

2. 1) 검색한 원문 제목과 2) 자신이 쓴 글의 제목을 영어로 쓰세요.

1) Is Video Game Addiction Real? 2) Solutions to Game Addiction

3. 내가 제시한 문제점은? (우리말로 자세히 쓰시오)

게임 중독

4. 내가 찾은 해결책은? (우리말로 자세히 쓰시오)

게임을 하지말고 운동하기

5. 자기평가 : 1) 영어 쓰기를 준비하는 데 어떻게 노력을 기울였나요?

(영어쓰기를 하면서 어려웠던 점과 극복 방법 중심으로)

외우는 거 빼고 어려운게 없었다

6. 자기평가 : 2) 영어쓰기를 준비하는데 얼마나 노력을 기울였나요?

1(거의 없음) | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5(아주 많음)

5

7. 수행평가를 마치고 난 후의 소감이나 느낌은?

게임 중독 해결책이 이렇게나 많을줄 몰랐다

8. 기타: 영어 선생님께 하고 싶은 말(수업 또는 수행평가 관련)

X

9. 페들렛에 게시된 친구들의 제출물을 살펴보고, 칭찬하고 싶은 친구와 그 이유를 써주세요.
X

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1. 글쓰기와 관련한 나의 관심 분야는?

경제 분야

2. 1) 검색한 원문 제목과 2) 자신이 쓴 글의 제목을 영어로 쓰세요.
1) Unemployment Solutions and What's Most Cost-Effective
2) Expansionary Monetary·Fiscal Policy

3. 내가 제시한 문제점은? (우리말로 자세히 쓰시오)
실업으로 인해 생기는 경제적 타격과 그 문제점

4. 내가 찾은 해결책은? (우리말로 자세히 쓰시오)
확장 재정 정책: 금리를 낮춰 수요를 증가시킴
확장 통화 정책: 세율을 인하하거나 정부 지출 증가시킴

5. 자기평가 : 1) 영어 쓰기를 준비하는 데 어떻게 노력을 기울였나요?

(영어쓰기를 하면서 어려웠던 점과 극복 방법 중심으로)
영어 문법도 어렵고 생소한 경제 단어도 많아서 어려웠는데 인터넷에서 검색하고 찾아보며 영어 쓰기를 준비했다.

6. 자기평가 : 2) 영어쓰기를 준비하는데 얼마나 노력을 기울였나요?

1(거의 없음) | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5(아주 많음)

5

7. 수행평가를 마치고 난 후의 소감이나 느낌은?

수행평가도 수행평가지만 내 주변에 문제에 대해 생각하고 찾아볼 수 있었고 그 해결방안도 생각하고 찾아볼 수 있는 기회가 되었다.

8. 기타: 영어 선생님께 하고 싶은 말(수업 또는 수행평가 관련) x

9. 페들렛에 게시된 친구들의 제출물을 살펴보고, 칭찬하고 싶은 친구와 그 이유를 써주세요.
x

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1. 경제,경영

2. 1)How Do Governments Fight Inflation? 2)How the Government Stops Inflation

3. 부의 재분배, 실질 임금 하락, 투자 위축 및 악화

4.  최저가격과 최고가격에 대한 기준을 만드는 가격통제와 금리를 인상하여 화폐공급을 줄이는 수축 통화 정책

5. 내가 생각하고 준비한 말들을 영어로 바꾸어 생각하고 번역하는 것이 힘들었다. 번역의 힘과 선생님의 조언덕분에 그래도 잘 마무리 하였다.

6.  5 아주많음

7. 열심히 준비한 만큼 좋은 결과가 나와서 다행이고 외국 경제논문을 찾아볼 수 있는 좋은기회를 가져 좋았다

8. 열심히 영어공부 하겠습니다

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1. 사회복지분야

2. Challenges: Basic Needs, Safety, and Welfare

3. 비행청소년들의 복지 시스템의 부족
4. 정부의 개입과 여러 자선단체의 도움
5. 처음 보는 단어들과 긴 문장들을 외우는게
조금 어려웠고 여러번 써가면서 외웠었다.
6. 5
7. 한국의 복지 관련 시스템만 찾아봤었는데
이번 기회로 미국과 다양한 나라의 복지시스템
등을 알아볼수있어서 좋은 경험이 되었다.

# data[].attributes.body
1. 문예창작, 국문학

2. 1)I wrote a novel with ChatGPT. Authors, have no fear, your jobs are safe — but AI will give you great ideas. 2) Humanity Growing with the Development of AI

3. AI의 발전이 문학을 창작하는 수준까지 이르렀으며 그것에 관련된 직업 윤리문제

4. 사람은 AI의 발전을 두려워하거나 기피하지말고 받아들이고 역으로 이용할줄 알아야한다.

5. 단어를 외우기 쉬우면서도 내가 전달하고 싶은말로 깔끔하게 번역할 수 있도록 노력했다. 그리고 암기를 위해 시간이 날때마다 꾸준히 영어 쓰기문장들을 외웠다.

6. 5(많이)

7. 할 때는 입에서 볼멘소리도 나왔고 힘들다고 생각했으나 막상 수행평가때 깔끔하게 문장들을 완성하고나니 기분이 좋았다.

8. 계속해서 긍정적인 수업부탁드립니다.

9. 김하일군의 제출물에서 복지체제에 대한 뛰어난 이해도를 확인할 수 있었습니다

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The painting is not ordinary, so it makes me think about what this painting wants to express, and through that thought, I continue to observe the painting, and I become immersed