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By Danielle Wheadon and Lidya Tekeste

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Some people in this video claim to see ghosts while they sleep, while others claim it's sleep paralysis.

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The people interviewed in this video were convinced that they had seen ghosts in their dreams, and they complained that other people shared their belief. However, the experts believe that the person had not gotten enough sleep, and sleeping on their back caused sleep paralysis, which caused them to believe that it was a ghost. This video relates to ideology and confirmation bias.

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The Science Behind Why People Claim To See Ghosts | TODAY

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This video discusses the idea that ghosts are the spirits of the deceased. The video explains how ghosts manifest themselves to people as vapours, mists, and orbs.

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Because the people in this video believe that their deceased loved one has come to visit them while hunting them, the video connects with mysterious energy. People's belief that there is life after death and an afterlife is the reason behind this belief. They think that ghosts visit them in order to seek punishment for wrongdoings.

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The security guard in this video can be seen hearing a dog barking and running around. The sound of the wooden doors opening and closing repeatedly caught his attention, and when he moved closer and called out to see if anyone was there, the noise stopped suddenly. It was a windless night.

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The reason this is related to the unexplained is because, despite the fact that the noise stopped and the woman in white kept appearing and disappearing, he is unsure of who she was and what caused the dogs to bark, run around, and the wooden doors to keep opening and closing repeatedly even though it was a calm night.

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Unexplained ghostly encounters haunt officers at training facility

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This article talks about if ghosts are real and not. It also talks about how some people say they do believe in ghost while others don't depending their culture and beliefs.

Connection:
This article is related to unexplained. Some people could believe in ghost based of their culture and belief while other can not because of their religion. I visited a hunted house with my sibling last year to see if ghosts are real, and that I would be able to hear or see something to believe it, but nothing happened and that stays a mystery to me.

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Are Ghosts Real? — Evidence Has Not Materialized

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One difficulty in scientifically evaluating is ghost are real is the surprisingly wide variety of phenomena attributed to ghosts.

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This article talks about Ancient Greeks had a ghost belief. The lasting influence that their civilization had on the rest of the world is the reason why their stories and fables have remained over the years.

Connection:
This article is related to Ideology and Confirmation bias because Ancient Greeks believe in ghosts because of their culture, that does not mean that other people with different beliefs and cultures belief in a ghost as well.

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Ghosts are everywhere. There is not a culture in the world, past or present, that doesn't have something to say about ghosts or hauntings and all the baggage that comes along with it. No matter how they come back or how they interact with the land of the living, the general idea remains the same: The dead return from the grave as spirits. The idea can be found wherever you look, and even if you don't believe in ghosts, it's pretty convincing that so many unique cultures were telling ghost stories long before the concept became global.

So it only makes sense that the ancient Greeks believed in ghosts too. Their stories and fables have lasted centuries because of the profound impact their civilization had on the world in general. From questionable heroes like Perseus to the famous monsters they slayed, like Medusa, these are common concepts that most people have at least heard of. Yet what the ancient Greeks thought about ghosts and the mechanics of their return are not as widely known, despite ghosts being such a big part of their culture. And, as can be expected, what they believed about ghosts shares similarities and differences with what other cultures and civilizations believed. So here's a look at ancient Greek beliefs concerning the return of spirits from the afterlife.

Death in ancient Greece

In order to appreciate what the Greeks believed about ghosts, there are a few things that need to be understood first. One of these is how death was handled in ancient Greece. Like many other cultures, the possibility of ghosts in ancient Greece often stems from funeral practices. As the MET Museum explains in commentary about various works from ancient Greece, the funerary rites of the time were specific and important to the family of the deceased.

They believed that at death, the soul left the body, leaving the remains to then go through the proper rites of burial. As long as the funeral was done properly - and it was an elaborate process - what supposedly happened after death was pretty straightforward. The soul went on the journey to the underworld, to its final resting place among the other deceased, in whatever segment of the underworld they were sorted into.

If the funeral was not done properly or if the person died a premature or violent death, that's when the possibility of ghosts opens up, according to Zocalo. If those elaborate rites were not accomplished, it was a slap in the face of the deceased - which, as many ghost stories hint at, is one surefire way to get a haunting.

The Greek afterlife

The Greek afterlife is well-storied. You're ferried by Charon across the River Styx, past the three-headed dog Cerberus, and handed over to the judges, King Minos, Aeacus, and Rhadamanthus, who would determine where you ought to go (per Encyclopedia Mythica). There were three options, according to World History Encyclopedia: Slain warriors went to the Elysian Fields, good people went to the Plains of Asphodel, and bad people went to Tartarus to work their way up.

That's all well and good, but what makes the Greek afterlife unique is how physically accessible it was. Think about Orpheus, for example. He walked right into the underworld to get Eurydice back. Or Pirithous and Theseus going to steal Persephone from Hades (which didn't go well, by the way). That's a very specific trait of the Greek afterlife. Yes, the underworld was where dead souls went. But mortal souls, if they knew the way, could walk right in and back out again. It wasn't easy, but it was an option.

Any afterlife that is so accessible, that has a physical location and isn't just a nondescript spiritual plain in the cosmos, opens itself up to the possibility of ghosts. Because if mortals can walk right into the afterlife, surely the dead could walk back out too - again, as long as they knew the way.

Greeks and graveyards

Despite the widespread belief in ghosts across cultures, especially ancient ones, the re-emergence of spirits still gets categorized as a paranormal phenomenon, and for good reason. There is a degree of magic involved in the whole idea, a belief in something more than what's right in front of us. The same held true with the ancient Greeks, yet for them, magic was just as accepted, which made ghosts more accessible as well.

According to World History Encyclopedia, the ancient Greeks had extensive views of magic, and those ideas included everything from enchanted amulets to poisons to evil prayers, spells, and curse tablets. But it's the latter that may be most relevant to their belief in ghosts. Recently, Haaretz reported the discovery of 30 curse tablets at the bottom of a 2,500-year-old well in a graveyard near Athens. These tablets date back to ancient Greece and were dropped there by Greeks attempting to contact the underworld.

According to Haaretz, the curse-tossers hoped the spirits of the dead would take their wishes to the gods of the underworld, where they could then be enacted on whomever the curse was intended for. (Historians believe curse tablets were placed directly in tombs before the practice was outlawed in the fourth century B.C., at which point people started dropping them into wells instead.) In this way, the Greeks treated ghosts as commonplace. They knew they were there, and they were asking them for favors at the one place they were known to be: their earthly resting place.

How ghosts came back

Understanding the underworld and the afterlife of ancient Greek culture is one thing, but the biggest piece of the puzzle is how ghosts could come back in ancient Greece at all. After all, while mortals could conceivably walk right into the afterlife and back out again, ghosts were not always so enterprising as to give that a try. According to Haaretz, it was widely believed that the dead hung out around their graves for at least a while after their death. But to get a full-blown haunting where ghosts were actively participating in the realm of the living, that required something else.

Zocalo breaks down the three ways that ghosts could come back and become a more lasting presence than just the residual post-burial haunting. The first way is quite simple: A person who died a violent death, such as a soldier slain in battle or a victim of foul play, might linger as a ghost. That's where the vengeance factor comes in. If someone was murdered, for instance, the spirit may then seek revenge on the killer. Secondly, a person who died prematurely might become trapped between the world of the living and the dead. Finally, a ghost could come back, no matter the manner of death, if the funerary rites were not properly conducted. Those rituals were, after all, required to see the soul safely to the afterlife. Without them, they were trapped in limbo.

Three types of ghosts

Seeing as how there were three ways that ghosts could come back in ancient Greece, it only makes sense that they were divided into three subcategories of ghosts. The first type, the ataphoi, were ghosts who had not received a proper burial, according to The Collector. The example they provide is Elpenor, the friend of Odysseus who got drunk, fell off a roof, and was never properly put into the ground. That's why Elpenor's ghost later begged Odysseus for a proper burial - so he could finally be at rest.

Then there were the aoroi, who died prematurely and thus had not experienced a full life. According to The Encyclopedia of Ancient History, that could include children, anyone who died without marrying, or anyone who died without raising children of their own. They could often come back vengeful and jealous of those still living their lives. They were even separated from the other dead in Hades since they died without the profound honor of building a family of their own.

Lastly, the biaiothanatoi were any spirits who had died violently, either by foul play or in battle.

The wisdom of ghosts

Ghosts are generally viewed with fear, or at least trepidation. The ghost lore of ancient Greece had that element too, with the possibility of vengeful ghosts coming back if they weren't buried properly or if they died a violent death. That kind of thing can lead to the brand of fearsome hauntings you see on TV today, going all the way back to ancient Greece.

But that wasn't the only way ghosts were seen in the old days. In fact, ancient Greeks believed that the dead held certain wisdom that could benefit the living, and oftentimes they would seek out ghosts in times of trouble and hardship specifically for that reason: the knowledge or wisdom bestowed on them in death. It gave them comfort, according to Zocalo. When a plague hit the Greeks in 430 B.C., while they were already in a deadly war with the Spartans, the Greeks sought the counsel of ghosts for hope in those hard times.

There are also documented instances of people calling back dead relatives to help them find things. For instance, according to the Biblical Archaeology Society (BAS), the Corinthian tyrant Periander called up his dead wife just to ask her if she ever hid any money in life. The BAS also tells of ghosts being able to predict the future. The belief was that the future was essentially prepared in the afterlife, so ghosts knew what was going to happen in the mortal realm before it happened.

The literal gods of ghosts

Not only did the ancient Greeks have firm beliefs about ghosts, but in their pantheon of gods covering all walks of life, they also had a god of ghosts: Melinoe. According to the ancient Orphic Hymns, Melinoe had a very specific purpose, and that was to oversee all offerings and venerations to ghosts. She would ensure that they all got to their intended recipient, making her something of a concierge of all the mortals who had passed into the realm of the chthonic gods.

But she had another purpose too, and it was arguably the more entertaining one, depending on who you ask. The Orphic Hymns mention how, at night, she wandered up to the mortal realm with her posse of ghosts and struck terror in the hearts of all they came across. This adds an entirely different layer to how ghosts could enter the mortal realm. Sure, you could have not been buried properly, or you could just make friends with Melinoe and join her crew.

Aside from Melinoe, there was also Hekate, the goddess of witchcraft, necromancy, and ghosts. This overlap is not uncommon in Greek mythology. According to Theoi, she was a divine figure in mythology who carried two torches and held a certain sway in the underworld, even if it's not entirely clear what her role was. It's even possible, according to Theoi, that Hekate and Melinoe were the same entity.

Ghosts on stage

To see how important ghosts were in ancient Greece, look no further than the stage. The great Greek playwright Aeschylus used ghosts to do practically everything in his work, including moving the plot forward and adding legitimacy to the big knowledge drops that the story was built on, according to Zocalo. In his play "The Libation Bearers," the protagonist siblings Orestes and Electra want to summon the soul of their great father, Agamemnon. In order to do that, they do exactly what ancient Greeks at the time would have done: They went to their father's tomb, poured some libation on his grave, and out popped Agamemnon, ready to counsel the living.

In this case, his counsel helps his children murder a rival, which they otherwise would not have accomplished on their own. This was an established practice that would have been seen as perfectly legitimate by the Greek viewing public. All throughout Aeschylus's writing career, ghosts were major pivot points, often being the key that allowed the protagonists to succeed at their tasks.

And this theme of ghostly intervention was just popular in comedies as it was in dramas (per Zocalo). It was such a big part of everyday life for ancient Greeks that seeing it played out on stage would have fit right into their belief system.

The oracles of the dead

As far as ghosts were concerned, there was no type of magic nearer and dearer to ancient Greeks than necromancy, which is the act of communicating with spirits. In Greek legend, there were four main sites for the oracles of the dead, though there were likely others, according to a paper published in the Classics journal Acta Classica. The four sites were Acheron, Avernus, Heracleia, and Tainaron. Each one was in a rather unassuming location: either a cave or a forest. The job of these oracles was to call up the dead for the living to interact with. When Periander summoned his dead wife to ask her about any possible hidden money, that was done by a necromancer.

Each location had a patron god. It's not always clear which gods were assigned to oracle duty, but assumptions can be made by the nature of certain gods and goddesses. For instance, it was Persephone's job to scatter the shades in the underworld. She had to at least participate in some way in order to funnel the correct spirit to appear at the correct oracle where they were being summoned, according to Acta Classica.

Characteristics of ghosts

Like every other culture in the world, how the Greeks actually perceived ghosts varied widely across instances, from the way the ghosts looked to the terms used to identify them. According to The Collector, ghosts could appear as anything from transparent and pale to opaque and black. There is no central belief that explains the variation, but not even modern paranormal experts can agree on what ghosts look like. According to the Long Island Press, spirits can appear as glowing orbs, full apparitions, or shadows. All of that jives with the discrepancy in ancient Greek ghost stories.

And the naming conventions are no different. While the Greeks used everything from "daimon" to "phasma" to describe ghosts, modern paranormal investigators use terms ranging from "demon" to "spirit," and many more in between.

So while texts vary on their appearance, behavior, and even the words used to name ghosts in ancient Greece, that doesn't detract from the widespread belief that ghosts were real and a part of the culture - just like the variety of appearances and characteristics assigned to ghosts today doesn't cause believers to doubt the presence of spirits.

Ancient Greek ghost stories

Another interesting characteristic of the ancient Greek belief in ghosts is how many of the Greek heroes encountered ghosts and had their paths changed because of it. Odysseus, for example, spent considerable time in the underworld and even learned of his mother's death there, when he encountered her spirit. (When he had gone to consult with the chthonic gods, he didn't know his mother had died.) Odysseus also reported on the variety of shades gathered there, all of whom fit the three general categories of Greek ghosts: those who died prematurely, those whose deaths had been violent, and those who hadn't received proper funerary rites.

Of course, this story is told by Homer and could also be categorized as myth, which is why there are some other snippets of ghostly lore that aren't otherwise widespread in the general belief system surrounding ghosts. For instance, in "The Odyssey," the dead could only communicate with the living after drinking blood, according to The Collector. That very well could be Homer adding a little spice to his storytelling.

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What Did People In Ancient Greece Believe About Ghosts? - Grunge

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Ghosts are everywhere. There is not a culture in the world, past or present, that doesn't have something to say about ghosts or hauntings and all the baggage that comes along with it. No matter how they come back or how they interact with the land of the living, the general idea remains the same: The dead return from the grave as spirits.

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This article talks about how Lady Gaga strongly believe in existence of ghost, and spent money for people to advice her if ghosts are real or not.

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This article is related to Unexplained. Nevertheless, Lady Gaga not only believes in ghosts but also takes them seriously.
She invested $50,000 in a ghost-detecting device.
In 2010, a number of sources asserted that the singer thought a ghost by the name of Ryan was haunting her.
After all, she was unable to determine whether it was real or not, and she stopped talking.

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It doesn't matter if you believe in ghosts or not. Everyone knows a person who claims to have had paranormal experiences. It can be just a feeling that someone is around or something more remarkable. Some celebrities are not afraid to share their experiences or admit they are scared of ghosts. Some of their stories could have been a good plot for a horror movie.

RELATED: 5 Horror Movies That Revolutionized The Genre (& 5 That Ripped Them Off)

For some celebrities, talking about it means to be brave, since they know that people will often make fun of them. But others, like Matthew McConaughey, will try to tell their experiences with a sense of humor. Keep scrolling and discover the celebrities who swear that have seen ghosts.

Lady Gaga not only believes in ghosts, but she takes it seriously. The singer wants to make sure they are not around, and she spent $50 thousand in a device that detects if there are ghosts around. In 2010, several sources claimed that the singer believed she was haunted by a ghost named Ryan.

The singer never talked about it again. It is not clear if she just stopped believing in ghosts or learned how to deal with them.

Matthew McConaughey once had to deal with ghosts in a movie while he was filming Ghosts of Girlfriends Past. While promoting the film, the actor said that he lived in a hunted house in Malibu, and there was a ghost named Madame Blue living there.

The actor said that he saw her when he was 100% sober, and she didn't look happy at all, so he decided to talk to her and said: "You can move around all you want, but I'm not going anywhere." For weeks everyone that came to the house said the same thing: 'There's someone down in that hall, there's somebody down in that hall."

Claudia Schiffer bought a mansion in England that dates from the 16th Century. The place is gorgeous, but she used to hear some noises during the night, and the family started to have questions if they were alone in the house.

RELATED: American Horror Story Season 10: What We Know So Far

The model wanted to be sure of it, and she invited a medium to check if there were ghosts. "We had a medium go around, and she told us that actually, all the ghosts in the house are lovely," she said. "No one needs to be scared."

During an interview with Jimmy Kimmel, Keanu Reeves surprised everyone to describe his experience with ghosts while he was a child. The Constantine star said that he was approximately 6 years old when he was in a bedroom with his sister ( who was sleeping) when something weird happened.

"There was a doorway and all of a sudden this jacket comes waving through the doorway, this empty jacket - there's nobody, there are no legs, it's just there. And then it disappears," he said. He didn't mention if it happened other times, or if it was his only experience.

Helena Bonham Carter is another star who believes in ghosts, and she tries to contact them when she feels it's necessary. When she was invited to play Princess Margareth in , the actress decided to ask for the princess's blessing. The only problem is that Princess Margareth died in 2002, so Helena Bonham Carter had to hire a psych to talk to her.

"So I asked her: 'Are you okay with me playing you?' and she said: 'You're better than the other actress' ...that they were thinking of. They will not admit who it was. It was me and somebody else," she said in an interview. The fact is that the ghost was right, and Helena Bonham Carter is nailing it on The Crown.

Mike Colter doesn't seem the type of person who is afraid of ghosts, but he is. During an interview with Kelly Clarkson, the actor revealed that he's "from the south, and there's a lot of things that happen in the south that don't happen anywhere else." When he was a kid, the actor said he felt someone ( or something) sitting on his chest, and he could not open his eyes.

RELATED: 80s Horror Cult Classic 'The Changeling' Is Finally Getting A Remake

It happened every night, so he talked to his mother, and she said it was a hag. We just wonder if he was sleeping better after this explanation.

Selena Gomez also believes in ghosts, and she is not shy about talking about it. During an interview with Jimmy Fallon, the singer said that she even has an app to track the spirits around her.

"I believe that spirits can tap into technology. Why not, right?" Gomez said that the app worked in the past, and she even tried that in the studio she gave the interview. It is the kind of app that Lady Gaga would love!

Sting was one of those who never believed in ghosts, and he was skeptical about the topic. However, his opinion changed when he moved to a haunted house. During an interview with Jimmy Kimmel, the singer said they had to reorganize things in the kitchen every morning because the ghosts moved everything around.

"Furniture was in a different place, bottles were smashed, plates were smashed on the floor," he said. The musician said that he saw the ghost of a woman and a child in the house. At some point, he was used to them, and he even said that he enjoyed their company.

Ariana Grande also had her experiences with ghosts. The singer said that she was in Kansas, and visited a haunted castle and was heading to Stull Cemetery, "which is known as one of the seven gates to hell on Earth. The Pope won't fly over it," she said.

Grande said that she felt overwhelming bad energy in the car, and she felt the smell of sulfur, which is the sign there is a demon around, she explained. The singer said that she apologized to the ghost, for disturbing its peace, and drove away.

Lilly Collins played the wife of Tedy Bundy in Extremely Wicked, Shockingly Evil and Vile, and it had an impact in her life. The actress said she started to see flashes of the victims during the night while sleeping.

"I didn't feel scared - I felt supported," she said. "I felt like people were saying: 'We're here listening. We're here to support. Thank you for telling the story," she said.

NEXT: The Best Horror TV Shows (And Where To Watch Them)

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Lady Gaga & 9 Other Celebrities Who Are Afraid Of Ghosts

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It doesn't matter if you believe in ghosts or not. Everyone knows a person who claims to have had paranormal experiences. It can be just a feeling that someone is around or something more remarkable. Some celebrities are not afraid to share their experiences or admit they are scared of ghosts.

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This picture is  the dead person's spirit or soul that communicates with the living after passing away.

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This picture relates to Confirmation Bias. The picture shows that a person who passed away, their spirit or soul came to communicate with their loved ones. I sincerely hope that someone will eventually be able to locate the conclusive evidence we're looking for. I believe it will address many of the unresolved issues surrounding religion and the afterlife, but until that time, the issue will continue to be hotly contested.

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This picture was put on a tree by people who celebrates Halloween and belief of ghost existence

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The ghost is a fitting symbol for Halloween because it is thought that on this spooky night, the dead can walk among the living. On Halloween night, ghosts are said to pay visits to their former loved ones and residences. People are unsure of whether the existence of ghost is real or not, but they still hold this belief, which is strange.

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This picture shows a person pranking the girl pretending to be a ghost and running away with fear.

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People tend to be afraid of ghosts despite not knowing whether they are real or not because society has instilled this fear in them. Even though I don't believe in ghosts, I still get frightened when I visit Canada's Wonderland around Halloween because of the images that society and horror films have given me in mind.

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1, The topic that most surprised me is that believing in ghost for some people is part of their culture/religion

2, This topic is relevant to me because as other people belief a person who passed away visits you

3.   Lady Gaga paid money for a device to see if ghosts do exists or not and still was not able to find an answer was interesting to me.

4. Most likely I would remember from this. topic is that no matter how many people believe that ghosts are real or not, it is not proven.

5. I believe that Ideology and confirmation is the most dangerous. People tend to have their own beliefs and put that in other people's mind. For instance, I don't believe in ghosts but because of how I hear people talk about it, I still feel scared of ghosts

6, One thing I would pass on to my friends and family is that to not believe things that is not proven is true. Sometimes our wrong beliefs and culture could create and idea in our mind that does not exist in reality.