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Overview:
At this point in development, the child is dependent upon adult caregivers for everything they need to survive. That includes food, love, warmth, safety, and nurturing. If a caregiver fails to provide care and love, the child will come to feel that they cannot trust or depend upon the adults in their life.
My sisters daughter grew up with me around often. She developed trust as she grew because I was there with her. I provided a safe environment, comforted her, and showed her I love and care for her.
In our textbook by Laura E. Berk states, "Erikson recognized that many factors affect parental responsiveness—personal happiness, fam-ily conditions (for example, additional young children, social supports, financial well-being), and culturally valued child-rearing practices. But when the balance of care is sympathetic and loving, the psychological conflict of the first year—basic trust versus mistrust—is resolved on the positive side." (Berk, 2019).
My sisters daughter trusts me, she grew up with me around often. So when I took her toy away she was not angry with me she was angry at the toy being taken away and not angry with someone she mistrusts. She learned that when the toy was taken away that if something doesn't belong to her it should be returned to the person it belongs to.

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Overview:
At this point in development, children are just starting to gain a little independence. They start to perform basic actions on their own and making decisions about what they prefer. By allowing kids to make choices and gain control, parents and caregivers can help children develop a sense of autonomy.
My sisters daughter at this stage became very independent. She is potty trained and likes to dress herself. When I try to help she insists on saying no I can do it. She is currently at stage two of development.
In our textbook by Laura E. Berk, she states, "The familiar refrains of newly walking, talking toddlers—“No!” “Do it myself!”—reveal that they have entered a period of budding selfhood." (Berk, 2019).
She has definitely gained a sense of personal control. By completing this stage she will successfully feel secure and confident while others that do not complete this stage may feel inadequate or doubt themselves.

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Overview:
During the third stage of psychosocial development takes place during the preschool years. At this point in psychosocial development, children begin to gain power and control over the world through directing play and other social interactions.
In our textbook Berk states, "According to Erikson (1950), once children have a sense of autonomy, they become less
contrary than they were as toddlers. Their energies are freed for tackling the psychological conflict of the preschool years: initiative versus guilt. As the word initiative suggests, young children have a new sense of purposefulness. They are eager to tackle new tasks, join in activities with peers, and discover what they can do with the help of adults. They also make strides in conscience development." (Berk, 2019).
The theme of the third stage of psychosocial development is that children need to begin gaining control and power over the environment. Children that succeed in this stage lead to a sense of purpose. Children who try to use too much power experience disapproval, resulting in a sense of guilt.

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The fourth psychosocial stage takes place during the early school years from ages 5 to 11. Through social interactions, children begin to develop a sense of pride in their accomplishments and abilities. Children need to cope with new social and academic demands. Success can lead to a sense of competence, while failure may result in feelings of inferiority.
In our textbook Berk states, "In cultures everywhere, adults respond to children’s improved physical and cognitive capacities by making new demands, and children are ready to benefit from those challenges." (Berk, 2019).
Children who are encouraged by parents and teachers develop a feeling of competence and belief in their skills. Those who receive little or no encouragement from parents, teachers, or peers will doubt their abilities to be successful.

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The fifth psychosocial stage takes place during the teenage years. This stage plays an important role in developing a sense of personal identity which will continue to influence behavior and development for the rest of a person's life. Teens need to develop a sense of personal identity. Success can lead to an ability to stay true to yourself, while failure leads to role confusion and a weak sense of self.
In our textbook Berk states, "Erikson called the psychological conflict of adolescence identity versus role confusion. If young people’s earlier conflicts were resolved negatively or if society limits their choices to ones that do not match their abilities and desires, they may appear shallow, directionless, and unprepared for the challenges of adulthood." (Berk, 2019).
Identity is important because, our personal identity gives each of us an integrated sense of self that endures through our lives. Our sense of personal identity is shaped by our experiences with others, and it is this identity that helps guide our actions, and beliefs as we age.

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Young adults need to form intimate, and loving relationships with other people. Success can lead to strong relationships, while failure results in loneliness and isolation. This stage covers the period of early adulthood when people are exploring personal relationships.
In our textbook Berk states, "Erikson believed it was vital that people develop close, committed relationships with other people. Those who are successful at this step will form relationships that are enduring and secure." (Berk, 2019).
Success of this stage results in the virtue known as love. It is shown by the ability to form lasting, meaningful relationships with other people.

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During adulthood, we continue to build our lives, focusing on our career and family. Those who are successful during this phase will feel that they are contributing to the world by being active in their home and community. Those who fail to attain this skill will feel unproductive and uninvolved in the world.
Care is the virtue achieved when this stage is handled successfully. Being proud of your accomplishments, watching your children grow into adults, and developing a sense of unity with your life partner are important accomplishments of this stage.

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The final psychosocial stage occurs during old age and is focused on reflecting back on life. At this point in development, people look back on the events of their lives and determine if they are happy with the life that they lived or if they regret the things they did or didn't do.
Erikson's theory differed from many others because it addressed development throughout the entire lifespan. Older adults need to look back on life and feel a sense of fulfillment. Succeeding at this stage leads to feelings of wisdom, while failure results in regret, and despair.
Those who feel proud of their accomplishments will feel a sense of integrity. By completing this phase means looking back with few regrets and a general feeling of satisfaction. These individuals will have gained wisdom, even when confronting death.