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Identify which publication matches your last name/family name. Read as much *description* of the publication that you can--no need to read entire thing! Try to answer all 4 questions--just start typing in the "Add Comment" box. This is anonymous :) 

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Identify which publication matches your last name/family name. Read as much *description* of the publication that you can--no need to read entire thing! Try to answer all 4 questions--just start typing in the "Add Comment" box. This is anonymous :) 

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What kind of source is this? Book? Scholarly Article? Something else?

Do you think this source could ever be an acceptable source of information for a research paper at Pace?

Who do you think the author is trying to reach?

Does the author provide citations or links to other sources that support the piece? Do you think there is enough support?

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In Ohio, a Grassroots Coalition Is Poised to Restore Reproductive Rights

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A "banned book bundle" on sale at Riverby Books in Fredericksburg, Va., on Aug. 22. As attempts to censor schoolbooks surge, the nation's oldest library association has become embroiled in a partisan fight. (Julia Nikhinson for The Washington Post)

Sen. Mike Lee (R-Utah) picked an unusual foil during a Judiciary Committee hearing last week about the historic rise in challenges to school books.

When it was his turn to question witnesses, he called up a video of Deborah Caldwell-Stone, director of the American Library Association's Office for Intellectual Freedom. In a Zoom call, Caldwell-Stone had been recorded arguing that book advocates should "reframe" the book challenges. This debate should not center on whether titles are sexually inappropriate for minors, Caldwell-Stone said. It should be about "diverse materials ... that are about ... everybody's right to see themselves and their families reflected" on bookshelves.

Lee let the recording play out, then pounced. "What we saw here was someone saying the quiet part out loud," he said. "The goal is to sexualize children - to provide minors with sexually explicit material ... and then hide this content from the parents."

The American Library Association is facing a partisan firefight unlike anything in its almost 150-year history. The once-uncontroversial organization, which says it is the world's largest and oldest library association and which provides funding, training and tools to most of the country's 123,000 libraries, has become entangled in the education culture wars - the raging debates over what and how to teach about race, sex and gender - culminating in Tuesday's senatorial name-check.

Like Lee, politicians and parents on the right increasingly paint the association, known as the ALA, as a defender of pornographic literature for children - tying their allegations into a broader conservative movement that asserts school libraries are filled with sexually explicit, inappropriate texts. (A 2022 tweet in which the organization's president called herself "a Marxist lesbian" added to concerns.)

Over the summer, state libraries in Montana, Missouri and Texas announced that they were severing ties with the ALA, imperiling their libraries' access to funding and training. The Texas decision was taken after state Rep. Brian Harrison (R) wrote to library leaders saying that "the ALA works against parents by fighting to keep pornographic materials in public libraries." Conservative legislators in at least nine additional states are urging their state libraries to follow suit and disaffiliate. That includes Alabama, where state Rep. Susan DuBose in August published an op-ed calling the ALA "a conduit" for pornography. Four days later, Gov. Kay Ivey (R) wrote to her state's library saying she was worried about "the environment" in libraries statewide and feared the ALA was "making the situation worse."

A Virginia county tries to control the local library amid LGBTQ+ book debate

Meanwhile, librarians and those on the political left are defending the ALA as a key provider of money and skills for librarians, a trusted authority on efforts to censor books and a champion of citizens' freedom to read. For more than 20 years, the ALA has tracked book challenges at school and public libraries; during the Judiciary Committee hearing Tuesday, Democratic senators often pointed to data from the association to support their arguments.

In particular, they cited an ALA report tracking 1,269 attempts to remove library books in 2022, the highest number of challenges to books since the ALA began compiling statistics on the issue. A Washington Post analysis found that books about LGBTQ people are fast becoming the main target and that a large percentage of complaints about books come from a small number of highly active adults.

"What we're seeing is a lot of fear from people, a very vocal minority that has managed to paint the wrong picture of the majority of public libraries," said Susan Gregory, the director of Bozeman Public Library in Montana.

The disaffection with the ALA is unprecedented and related to larger societal tendencies to refuse vaccines and to doubt climate change, said University of Pennsylvania professor Jonathan Zimmerman, who studies the history of education. He said that for more than a century, the ALA benefited from "professional deference" as the leading organization for librarians.

That deference is gone.

"We used to trust our librarians to make judgments," he said. "This is just another chapter in the erosion of professional authority."

Caldwell-Stone, who attended Tuesday's hearing, said she was sad but unsurprised that her organization is coming into the country's political crosshairs. She said the seconds-long video that Lee played was taken from a 90-minute seminar. She was specifically discussing how to respond to parents who call picture books pornographic "simply for featuring families headed by same-sex couples," she said.

"I can stand by what I said in the past, in the future, now, whatever," Caldwell-Stone said. "But - you know, it goes with the territory now. I guess this is just what's happening."

'They're finally listening'

Founded on Oct. 6, 1876, in Philadelphia by 103 male and female librarians, the American Library Association took as its original mission helping "librarians do their present work more easily and at less expense." Its motto soon became - and remains - "The best reading, for the largest number, at the least cost."

Over the century and a half since, the organization has mushroomed to include chapters in all 50 states - as well as D.C., Guam and the Virgin Islands - and nearly 50,000 members. Today it sends on average $12 million to libraries every year and provides thousands of hours of professional training. It also helps libraries navigate federal grant applications, hosts a scholarship program for librarians of color and accredits library and information-science schools nationwide.

Public libraries draw most of their funding - covering essentials such as employee salaries, office supplies and book purchases - from city and county taxes, according to library advocacy group EveryLibrary. Federal grants, which the ALA helps libraries to obtain, as well as money from the ALA, make up a relatively small percentage of most libraries' budgets. Still, extra federal cash allows libraries to purchase access to expensive databases including those focused on genealogy records, as well as to offer popular amenities such as summer reading programs, portable WiFi hotspots, adult classes and other initiatives for children. ALA money, meanwhile, often goes to scholarships or free travel for librarians to professional conferences. And the ALA trainings and online courses cover a range of activities including cataloguing, marketing, and intellectual freedom and copyright issues.

Librarians say the organization's work is vital.

'Racist,' 'grooming': Why parents are trying to ban so many picture books

Conrrado Saldivar, a librarian in Natrona County, Wyo., who serves as head of his state's chapter of the ALA, praised what he called its first-class trainings. Gregory, the director of Montana's Bozeman Library, said the ALA facilitates conversations between librarians in far-flung places and "broadens your views of what good library service looks like."

In Arizona, the ALA gave out $1.9 million in program grants over the past two years, much of it used to buy books and computers in small, rural libraries, said Erin MacFarlane, the legislative committee chair for the Arizona Library Association. Her association is facing pressure from conservative parents and politicians to divest from ALA, she said, but has so far resisted.

But others say the ALA has strayed from its mission. Apart from allegations that the organization helps to expose children to pornography, some take issue with what they call political views advanced by the association's leaders.

In April 2022, freshly elected ALA President Emily Drabinski tweeted her joy that she, "a Marxist lesbian who believes that collective power is possible to build and can be wielded for a better world," had won the top job. Drabinski wrote in a statement to The Post that "just like any American, I am entitled to my freedom of thought and expression. However, I want to make clear that my views, beliefs, and ideologies are mine alone and are not shared by the American Library Association."

The Montana State Library Commission voted to leave the ALA in July, the month Drabinski took office, because its Constitution "forbids association with an organization led by a Marxist." The Texas State Library and Archives Commission left the ALA in August, shortly after Harrison, the state representative, urged it to do so, citing Drabinski's tweet.

"I am proud to have successfully led the fight against them in Texas," Harrison said in a statement. "No taxpayer should have to subsidize a Marxist and socialist led organization like the American Library Association."

In Missouri, Secretary of State John Ashcroft said he became aware of the ALA in July when someone showed him a video of Caldwell-Stone giving tips to librarians on how to restrict which groups can host events in library spaces. Caldwell-Stone was specifically detailing how libraries could reject story hours held by BRAVE Books, a Christian, conservative publisher of " faith-based children's books."

After checking to ensure he had the power to dissolve ties with the ALA - he did, given that he oversees the state library - he wrote a short letter to the ALA's executive director informing her that he had directed his staff to "discontinue any future financial payments" to the association.

"We're happily gone," Ashcroft said in an interview. "Tax dollars will not be used for this junk, for ... pushing librarians to disallow services because they disagree with someone's political beliefs."

Caldwell-Stone said her comments about BRAVE Books were made as part of a presentation she has given for years about how libraries can avoid hosting disruptive events - and that she was not targeting BRAVE Books for its Christian beliefs. In fact, elsewhere in the presentation she emphasized libraries cannot deny hosting privileges to anyone on the basis of their political views, religion or background. She said Brave Books has a reputation for inviting hundreds of attendees to rooms too small to contain them.

BRAVE Books chief executive and founder Trent Talbot wrote in a statement that "we were thrilled to hear that three states have cut ties" with the ALA and that "we hope to see more concerned citizens push their state and local representatives to follow suit."

To some, the controversies over Caldwell-Stone and Drabinski's remarks suggest a pattern. The ALA is stepping outside its former role as a neutral arbiter and into partisan activism, said Frederick Hess, the director of education policy studies at the conservative American Enterprise Institute - and he said the ALA is not alone. He pointed to the National School Boards Association's 2021 declaration that school board protesters were engaging in "domestic terrorism." Then there was the Southern Poverty Law Center's decision this year to label parents' rights group Moms for Liberty as "extremist."

"Whatever the internal justification is, I think what's happened is groups like the ALA are no longer trying to stay out of the political debate," he said. "And when you choose to be a combatant, you get dragged."

Watching the hubbub from his home in New Jersey, Dan Kleinman is feeling gleeful.

Twenty-four years ago, Kleinman's kindergartner son brought home " Mangaboom," a book Kleinman felt contained an age-inappropriate reference to skinny-dipping. When a school official told him the book made it into the library because it was ALA approved, Kleinman said, he launched what became a decades-long campaign of blogging to expose what he calls the ALA's provision of pornographic books to children.

"I have been reporting on this for 24 years," he said. "Now they're listening. They're finally listening."

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Red states quit nation's oldest library group amid culture war over books

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They are turning down money and training from a 150-year-old organization they believe is set on promulgating explicit books for children's reading.

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First there was "Star Trek," the original series, whose viewers-many of them women in STEM fields-organized conventions and created self-published journals (a.k.a. fanzines) with fiction about its characters, a small but notorious slice of which included sexy doings between Kirk and Spock. Or: first there were fans of science-fiction novels and magazines who held conventions and traded self-published journals as early as the nineteen-thirties. Or: first there was Sherlock Holmes, whose devotees, hooked by serial publication, pushed for more stories, formed clubs, and wrote their own. Or: first came Virgil's Aeneid. Or: first, the Janeites. Or: first there was you, and your friends, age ten, making up adventures in which Chewbacca met Addy Walker, and writing them down.

However it started, however you define it, and whether or not you read it, at this point you've probably heard of fan fiction (abbreviated as "fanfic" by its enthusiasts). The advent of the Internet, where anyone can distribute text for free, and the arrival of such all-ages pop-culture juggernauts as Harry Potter, have together meant that the amount and the availability of fan fiction-narrowly defined by Francesca Coppa, in her new book, " The Fanfiction Reader," as "creative material featuring characters [from] works whose copyright is held by others"-has grown spectacularly in the course of this century. So has its reputation, both because all things geeky, science-fictional, and fantastic now carry less stigma (or more cachet) and because authors with fanfic backgrounds have hit the big time. E. L. James famously converted her online "Twilight" novel, "Master of the Universe," into the 2011 blockbuster "Fifty Shades of Grey" by removing names, vampires, and anything else that might infringe a "Twilight" copyright, a move known in fanfic circles as "filing off the serial numbers." (She also removed the earlier text from the Web.) Fanfic itself is now a recurrent subject for professionally published novelists: Rainbow Rowell's fun "Carry On," published in 2015, was, in her words, " inspired by fictional fanfiction of a fictional series " described in Rowell's earlier novel "Fangirl."

A couple of years ago, Anne Jamison, a professor at the University of Utah, published a spectacularly useful study called " Fic: Why Fanfiction Is Taking Over the World," written together with contributors from many fandoms and published by a small press. Jamison's volume topped a stack of earlier books and essays by "aca-fans" that explained fan practices through one or another academic lens. Some focussed on homoerotic pairings ("slash," from the virgule in "Kirk/Spock"), others on how amateurs built their own institutions, others on particular fandoms ("Buffy the Vampire Slayer," say, or One Direction). The people who wrote these books and articles were anthropologists, psychoanalytic feminists, British-style cultural-studies types, legal scholars, and, more recently, literary critics, like Jamison (she is also a Kafka expert). All these scholars investigated the social, emotional, and aesthetic goals that fanfic, and sometimes only fanfic, can meet.

That stack of books did not, however, contain much actual fan fiction: a printed collection of the stuff, from a university press, with no serial numbers removed, would likely have been impossible as recently as five years ago, because the corporations that own Buffy, or General Leia, would have threatened to sue. They might have lost, if they did, on fair-use grounds, but the threats were the point; many copyright holders sought to control the way their properties circulated and to keep any money those properties made. (Some of those corporations now regard fanfic as free advertising instead, or else they've just given up: the Web is too big.) Absent those threats, the enormous amateur communities that now surround much fan fiction-with their solidarity, their infighting, their sometimes baroque memes and tropes ( yuletide, femslash, drabble, gen, " imagine"), and their norms of online publication-would never have come into being, since they evolved to evade copyright claims and to deflect the legal and reputational dangers in writing and publishing sexually explicit work.

Part of that evolution was the birth, in 2007, of the online fanfic depository called Archive of Our Own, or AO3; it has become the go-to source for many kinds of fanworks. (That latter term includes things other than fiction: songs, for example, and comics, and remixed video.) AO3 is an " affinity space," where people can work together on the basis of common goals and tastes, without direct institutional validation or material reward. It is fan-run, collective, and deeply anonymized, with a robust nonprofit (the Organization for Transformative Works) behind it. For all of those reasons, it promised stronger resistance to legal challenges than its for-profit competitors, and its precursors (such as the sprawling fanfiction.net), could provide.

Coppa, a professor of literature and theatre at Muhlenberg College, helped start AO3. Her "Fanfiction Reader" bundles stories that she regards as good on-ramps to the phenomenon: relatively short works set in well-known U.S.- or U.K.-based universes, with some sex but nothing ultra-kinky. Coppa has also written short, accompanying essays about the topics that the stories cover. All the stories are easy to follow, even if you don't recognize the characters; most are thoughtful, and delightful. One "Star Trek" story imagines an alien species with "taboos about food and eating" comparable to our own taboos about sex: "You-you masticator!" a cadet from that species screams at Lieutenant Uhura, while "backing away in revulsion." That story, " Lunch and Other Obscenities," by the author known as Rheanna, could easily have been converted into a non-"Star Trek" piece for a science-fiction magazine. But then it would lose all the in-jokes, and half the fun.

The interesting question at this point is not whether fan fiction can be good, by familiar literary standards. (Of course it can; cf. Virgil.) Rather, it's this: What is fan fiction especially, or uniquely, good at, or good for? Early defenses presented the practice as a way station, or an incubator. Writers who started out with fanfic and then found the proper mix of critique and encouragement could go on to publish "real" (and remunerated) work. Other defenses, focussed on slash, described it as a kind of safety valve: a substitute for desires that could not be articulated, much less acted out, in our real world. If women want to imagine sex between people who are both empowered, and equal, the argument ran, we may have to imagine two men. In space.

It's true that a lot of fanfic is sexy, and that much of the sex is kinky, or taboo, or queer. But lots of fanfic has no more sex than the latest "Spider-Man" film (which is to say none at all, more or less). Moreover, as that shy proto-fan T. S. Eliot once put it, "nothing in this world or the next is a substitute for anything else." It's a mistake to see fanfic only as faute de mieux, a second choice, a replacement. Fanfic can, of course, pay homage to source texts, and let us imagine more life in their worlds; it can be like going back to a restaurant you loved, or like learning to cook that restaurant's food. It can also be a way to critique sources, as when race-bending writers show what might change if Agent Scully were black. (Coppa has compared the writing of fanfic to the restaging of Shakespeare's plays.)

Fanfic can also let writers, and readers, ask and answer speculative and reflective questions about our own lives, in a way that might get others to pay attention. What will college be like? What should summer camp have been like? How can an enemy become a friend? Should I move to Glasgow? What would that be like? Buffy Summers, in the story Coppa chose for her book, "has a soft spot for any story about the way her life should have been." Don't we all? If you're a Buffy fan, you, too, might want to read Buffy's ruminations; unless I am Alice Munro, or John Lewis, or Buffy herself, you have fewer reasons to read mine-and fewer still to follow some characters I just made up, in a town, or a planet, that I have to build from scratch.

In portraying characters that other people already recognize, characters whose further adventures other people already want to read, nonprofessional creators can find a wholly voluntary, non-paying audience of people whom they will never meet. No clearer path from new writers to potentially interested readers has existed in the history of civilization. "All stories are true," a character in the "Doctor Who" fic that Coppa includes, written by KaydeeFalls, says, " even the ones you made up as a child." But not all stories are stories that other people will seek out. If you can work your memories, hypotheses, or fantasies about living away from home, or about gender transition, or about retirement, into a story about Bruce Wayne and Dick Grayson, maybe the many people who care about Batman and Robin will care about your thoughts and experiences, too.

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The Promise and Potential of Fan Fiction

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Stephen Burt writes about the history and allure of fan fiction, and reviews Francesca Coppa's book "The Fanfiction Reader."

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Scholarly Article

I feel like this could be used in a research paper at pace depending on what it was about but the author seems very knowledgable on this it would just depend on what we are writing about.

I think the author is trying to reach whoever is interested in Fan fiction, it seems like an article geared toward the benefit of writers and there creative process.

Yes the author does sight others through out the article providing professional opinions

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Citation:

Williams, K., K. Mika, P. Seelbach, D. Erickson, M. Klasic, E. Ho-Tassone, J. Wondolleck, J. Read, D. Porter, M. Waasegiizhig Price, A. Armstrong, R. Holifield, D. Michener, R. Nixon, R. Norton, E. Tyner, J. Bratton, N. Chin, P. Doran, T. Ehlinger, L. Goralnik, D. Kashian, C. McLaughlin, S. Mills, D. Peroff, M. Shriberg, S. Hughes, V. Gagnon, J. Adamowski, J. Carlton, J. Hoffman, AND L. Johnson. Centering Communities in Great Lakes Restoration and Ecosystem-based Management Programs - Report to Healing Our Waters Coalition. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, EPA/600/R-23/290, 2023.

Impact/Purpose:

The impact of this research is to synthesize the results of a workshop held May 17-19, 2023, on how Great Lakes environmental programs can contribute to community and Indigenous well-being by considering and improving community capacity, broadening the scope of environmental education, developing qualitative and quantitative metrics of well-being, and broadening opportunities for cross-agency learning with Indigenous governments.

Description:

A notable transformation is occurring across the US, Canada, and the globe, reframing "ecosystem restoration" as more than technical actions that improve the environment, but also as collective actions that explicitly acknowledge and include the human and social systems that coexist with biophysical systems. There is also increasing attention directed towards involving local communities in regional landscape restoration and conservation for both planning and long-term stewardship, to help ensure that ecosystems and their component communities are more resilient in the face of increasingly challenging stressors (e.g., legacy contamination, climate change effects, severe weather, and economic instability). This report provides: (1) an expanded science-, knowledge-, and practice-based narrative for Great Lakes Restoration that includes emphasis on community revitalization (i.e., increasing community agency and vitality, and fostering equity), based on integrated socio-ecological visions for the region; and (2) a set of prioritized implementation strategies to facilitate the systemization of this work.

Record Details:

Record Type: DOCUMENT( PUBLISHED REPORT/ REPORT)

Product Published Date: 10/10/2023

Record Last Revised: 10/11/2023

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ecosystem services; ecosystem-based management; indigenous knowledge; social science; community capacity; great lakes; ord-056676

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Centering Communities in Great Lakes Restoration and Ecosystem-based Management Programs - Report to Healing Our Waters Coalition

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Williams, K., K. Mika, P. Seelbach, D. Erickson, M. Klasic, E. Ho-Tassone, J. Wondolleck, J. Read, D. Porter, M. Waasegiizhig Price, A. Armstrong, R. Holifield, D. Michener, R. Nixon, R. Norton, E. Tyner, J. Bratton, N. Chin, P. Doran, T. Ehlinger, L. Goralnik, D. Kashian, C. McLaughlin, S. Mills, D.

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This seems to be a scholarly article or report.

This source could be used as an acceptable source in a research paper because it has a ".gov" url.

I think the author is trying to reach young adults who are going to be future voters.

There does not look like there are any links or citations on this page but they might be on the actual paper itself which is linked at the bottom.

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Pew Research Center’s Social & Demographic Trends Project

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More Than Twice as Many Americans Support Than Oppose the #MeToo Movement

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Most say that, compared with five years ago, those who commit sexual harassment or assault at work are more likely to be held responsible and those who report it are more likely to be believed.

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1. The type of source is a Scholarly Article.

2. Yes, this is an acceptable source of information for a research paper at Pace. I say this because it is not biased it the author gives opinions on both sides of the #MeToo Movement.

3. The audience the author is trying to reach is people who support and do not support the #MeToo Movement.

4. Yes, the author provides multiple links to other sources that supports the piece. There is more than enough support being presented in the article.

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HARPER'S BAZAAR is a fashion magazine. You wouldn't want to use a fashion magazine's article as a source for your research paper. The author is trying to reach female voters. This article provides sources very sparingly. They linked a poll that supported their argument. I think for the fashion magazine it is, they sufficiently provided sources.

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1 this is an article,

2 I think this article could be used as a source.

3 I think the author is trying to reach people with kids who are in public school. probably targeted to people who lean left.

4 definitely he provides several sources