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Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)

The current infant mortality rate for Canada in 2020 is 13.12 deaths per 1000 live births in 2019 is 13.315 deaths per 1000 live, in 2018 is 13.51 deaths per 1000 live.

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

17.173 live births per 1,000 inhabitants in 2020, 17.455 live births per 1,000 inhabitants in 2019, 17.736 live births per 1,000 inhabitants in 2018.

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

6.103 deaths per thousand population in 2020. 6.039 deaths per thousand population in 2019. 5.974 deaths per thousand population in 2018.

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

1.90 births per woman 2020, 1.92 births per woman 2019, 2 births per woman 2018.

Gross Domestic Product per capita (GDP per capita)

$8,655 in 2020, $10,145 in 2019, $9,857 in 2018.

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Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)

The current infant mortality rate for Canada in 2020 is 4.28 deaths per 1000 live births in 2019 is 4.39 deaths per 1000 live, in 2018 is 4.505 deaths per 1000 live.

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

9.5 live births per 1,000 inhabitants in 2020, 9.9 live births per 1,000 inhabitants in 2019, 10.1 live births per 1,000 inhabitants in 2018.

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

7.803 deaths per thousand population in 2020. 7.758 deaths per thousand population in 2019. 7.712 deaths per thousand population in 2018.

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

1.484 births per woman 2020, 1.47 births per woman 2019, 1.5 births per woman 2018.

Gross Domestic Product per capita (GDP per capita)

$43,258 in 2020, $46,374 in 2019, $46,548 in 2018.

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Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)

The current infant mortality rate for Canada in 2020 is 5.42 deaths per 1000 live births in 2019 is 5.58 deaths per 1000 live, in 2018 is 5.67 deaths per 1000 live.

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

10.9 live births per 1,000 inhabitants in 2020, 11.4 live births per 1,000 inhabitants in 2019, 11.6 live births per 1,000 inhabitants in 2018.

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

6.98 deaths per thousand population in 2020. 7.236 deaths per thousand population in 2019. 7.152 deaths per thousand population in 2018.

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

1.64 births per woman 2020, 1.71 births per woman 2019, 1.73 births per woman 2018.

Gross Domestic Product per capita (GDP per capita)

$63,530 in 2020, $65,120 in 2019, $68,823 in 2018.

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Stage 3: Decreasing Birth Rate, Decreasing Death Rate

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Stage 3: Decreasing Birth Rate, Decreasing Death Rate

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Characteristics: Birth rates begin to decline, while death rates continue to decrease, leading to moderate population growth.

The shared traits of the United States, Canada, and Mexico correspond to the third stage of the demographic transition model. Every nation usually experiences a decrease in birth and death rates during the third stage, which results in more modest population growth. The crude birth rate (CBR) and the crude death rate (CDR), with the crude birth rate toward or below the crude death rate, exhibit a pattern of yearly reductions in all three countries when the statistics for each year are examined. Furthermore, these nations have relatively low total fertility rates (TFRs), falling below the replacement level of 2.1 births per woman.

Infant mortality rates (IMRs) are notably lower in the United States and Canada than in Mexico; this is indicative of the fact that improvements in healthcare have contributed to a decrease in child mortality. These countries' stage 3 demographic transition model characteristics are a result of economic development linked to modernity, advancements in healthcare, and modifications in social values.

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Characteristics: Low birth rates and low death rates, resulting in a stable or slow-growing population.

During those three years, both Canada and the United States were in the fourth stage of the demographic transition. The demographics of the two nations are similar in that they have low rates of births and deaths as well as relatively high levels of economic development (as measured by GDP per capita). The crude birth rate (CBR) is comparatively low in many nations, suggesting a trend toward lower family sizes. A decreased risk of child mortality and a greater standard of healthcare are indicated by the low infant mortality rate (IMR). Furthermore, total fertility rates (TFR) in both nations are below replacement levels, at roughly 2.1 children per woman, supporting the idea of a stable or gradually dropping population.

These nations' advanced industrial and service-oriented economies, which have raised living standards and enhanced the infrastructure for health care, are reflected in their higher per capita GDPs. Given the moderate rate of population increase and the issues societies face from an aging population and probable population decrease, the combination of these factors points to an advanced stage of demographic transition for the population structure.

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Stage 2: High Birth Rate, High Death Rate

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Stage 2: High Birth Rate, High Death Rate

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Characteristics: High birth rates and high death rates, resulting in slow population growth.

Every one of the three nations—Mexico, the United States, and Canada—is in the second phase of the demographic shift. A persistently high birth rate is concomitant with a notable drop in mortality rates, particularly newborn mortality, during this time. In the instance of the United States and Canada, the respective infant mortality rates in 2020 were 5.42 and 4.28 per 1,000 live births. All three countries have quite high crude birth rates, which emphasizes a crucial aspect of Phase 2: although mortality is down, birth rates have significantly increased, propelling population expansion. During this period of transition, promoting greater living conditions and providing universal access to healthcare can help to lower mortality and maintain high birth rates.