# data[].attributes.body
“As each day passed, new rules were announced. Jews cannot do this. Jews cannot do that….

We all felt like prisoners in our own homes in Kisvarda.“

Primary Source

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-Hungarian Jew-haters roamed Kisvarda to attack Jews and vandalize Jewish property

-many restrictions and alienating rules put in place

ex: Jews must wear yellow stars

Primary Source

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1940s Kisvarda: 4,000 Jews in the population

1992 Kisvarda: only a handful of Jews out of 19,000 people

Primary Source

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-4 gas chambers

-crematoria

-up to 1.5 million Jews killed there

# data[].attributes.body
-used deceptive tactics to conceal true happenings from both the locals and the world

-gas chambers looked like showers from the outside

-women and children separated from men

-bodies removed from chambers by Jewish prisoners to be cremated

Source 4

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one building(“Block 11”) reserved for the worst punishments

-in front was the “Black Wall” for regular executions

-main gate inscription: “Work Will Lead to Freedom”

Source 2

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delivered in crystalline pellets in airtight tin containers

immediately turns into toxic gas after any exposure to air

-then emptied into airtight gas chambers with the victims inside

death by asphyxiation

Source 5

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first use in the Euthanasia Program that exterminated those physically or mentally “unfit”

-then in the extermination camps, especially Auschwitz

-also used in place of shootings so that it would be “easier” on the SS men

Source 5

Source 2

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-June 22, 1941: Germany invades the Soviet Union

Phase 1: carried out by the SS Einsatzgruppen, hundreds of thousands Jews shot to death

— considered too slow and obvious

-September 3, 1941: Gassing experiment

600 Soviet prisoners of war, dead from asphyxiation

-and so Germans decided to bring Jews to camps rather than kill them where they lived

Source 4

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-millions of persecuted people killed(Jews, homosexuals, disabled, etc)

# data[].attributes.body
The Final Solution to the Jewish Question

Source 6

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-part of larger German goal, exterminating undesirable groups like Slavics, the mentally disabled, etc

-long history of prejudice

Source 6

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The creation of Auschwitz-Birkenau in the midst of World War II enabled Germany to commit and conceal a genocide on a scale never before seen, leading to the systematic enslavement and mass murder of millions, most of which were Jews.

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"Holocaust." Gale World History Online Collection, Gale, 2022. Gale In Context: World History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/NEPMPO539245841/WHIC?u=san74543&sid=bookmark-WHIC&xid=f4cae64c. Accessed 21 Feb. 2024.

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"Zyklon B." Learning About the Holocaust: A Student's Guide, edited by Ronald M. Smelser, vol. 4, Macmillan Reference USA, 2001, pp. 155-157. Gale In Context: World History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX3034500300/WHIC?u=san74543&sid=bookmark-WHIC&xid=90c3dd76. Accessed 21 Feb. 2024.

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"Extermination Camps." Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, edited by Israel Gutman, Macmillan Reference USA, 1990. Gale In Context: World History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/BT2339202030/WHIC?u=san74543&sid=bookmark-WHIC&xid=f77196b4. Accessed 20 Feb. 2024.

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-used crystals of Zyklon B(hydrogen cyanide)

-highly poisonous

Source 5

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"Leitner, Isabella." Prejudice in the Modern World Reference Library, vol. 4: Primary Sources, UXL, 2007, pp. 141-154. Gale In Context: World History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX2831400095/WHIC?u=san74543&sid=bookmark-WHIC&xid=5219eda9. Accessed 22 Feb. 2024.

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-created two new human “species”

Muselmann: living dead

Sonderkammando: slave laborer

Source 1

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-example of Nazi efficiency

-slave labor boosted business relations

-medical experiment conducted by highly trained/skilled physicians

-large and effective crematoria

included rooms to undress and gas chambers for those physically unfit for labor upon arrival to the camp

Source 1

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"Auschwitz." Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, edited by Israel Gutman, Macmillan Reference USA, 1990. Gale In Context: World History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/BT2339201046/WHIC?u=san74543&sid=bookmark-WHIC&xid=dcbedd97. Accessed 20 Feb. 2024.

# data[].attributes.body
van Pelt, Robert Jan. "Auschwitz." Encyclopedia of Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity, edited by Dinah L. Shelton, vol. 1, Macmillan Reference USA, 2005, pp. 96-102. Gale In Context: World History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX3434600044/WHIC?u=san74543&sid=bookmark-WHIC&xid=d8b8c99e. Accessed 20 Feb. 2024.

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-town on border of Germany and Poland

-established in the 13th century

Source 1

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- >1 million Jews killed

- 100,000 non-Jews killed

Poles, Soviets, Romani, etc.

Source 1

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-2nd part of Auschwitz

-most cruel and populated of all subunits

-March 1949, ordered by Himmler

-1.9 mi from Auschwitz

-to make space, thousands of inhabitants were expelled and their homes were destroyed

-9 subunits separated by electric fences

Source 2

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-largest and harshest Nazi extermination camp of around 2,000

-used poison gas

-built by Jews forced into labor

Source 2

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-Holocaust: 1939-1945

-Jews taken from all over Europe, not just within Germany

Source 6