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Royal Observatory in Greenwich (often abbreviated to ROG) is an observatory in east London (in Greenwich Park).
It lends it's name to GMT - the Greenwich Mean Time.[1]

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King Charles II. did. The first "foundation stone" was laid on the 10th of August 1675.[1][5]

The place was chosen by Sir Christopher Wren, and since Greenwich Park was already owned by the royalty, no new land was needed to be bought.
One year later, in the summer of 1676, the ROG was completed.[1]

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A geography teacher in Cvikov, who used to teach me, pronounced the 'w' - therefore I include the correct pronunciation here.
The file is downloaded from Wiktionary ([2] in sources).

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The Greenwich Prime Meridian and the green laser

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The Greenwich Prime Meridian and the green laser

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A special line - the Greenwich Prime Meridian - splits the Earth in two halves - the eastern and the western hemisphere.[6]
Since the 16th of December 1999 there has been a green laser shining through the dark night sky - the path of the laser beam follows the Prime Meridian.[4]

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On the wall of the Greenwich Royal Observatory, there is a plate with the standard lengths.
It is only at 60 °F that the plate shows the right lengths.
The board shows the length of:
- a british yard,
- two feet,
- one foot,
- six inches and
- three inches.[1]

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A public time signal, the red Greenwich Time Ball, was put up in 1833 and was used to synchronize the time.
This ball was controlled manually - there was a person, that used to drop the red ball every day at exactly 13:00 (GMT).
Since 1852 the ball has been automatically dropped down by sending an electrical impulse.
Even today the ball is dropped every day at 13:00.
In rare situations, such as when the ball gets stuck due to snow or other unfavourable weather conditions, the ball simply isn't dropped.[1]

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[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Observatory,_Greenwich
[2] https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Greenwich
[3] https://www.rmg.co.uk/royal-observatory
[4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_meridian_(Greenwich)
[5] https://ielts.com.au/articles/how-to-write-the-date-correctly/
[6] https://www.rmg.co.uk/royal-observatory/attractions/stand-on-prime-meridian-line