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Good use of imagery, sound, and concise wording to highlight your central theme of rigid discipline: just as Winfield Scott "fathered" the Civil War Army, Pershing "fathered" the Army of WWII, Korea, and Vietnam. That is quite an impact.

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This is really well done. I enjoyed the voice over (I did not do one). You covered just everything about Pershing, and you are clearly well versed in the material. Your padlet is very complete and I like freeform style you used. Scrolling around makes it feel like a mini exploration. I have never used padlet, had never even heard of it before. You did very well.

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(Unknown,2005)

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Center of Military History United States Army, U. (1995). Teaching and Mapping the Geography of the Meuse Argonne Offensive:    Where? Why There? Retrieved December 20, 2020, from https://www.abmc.gov/education/teaching-aid/teaching-and-mapping-geography-meuse-argonne-offensive-where-why-there

Gabel, C. R., & Willbanks, J. H. (2012). Chapter 5 Pg. 125. In Great commanders (p. 125). Fort Leavenworth, Kan., Kansas: US Army Combined Arms Center.1995

History.com Editors, E. (2009, October 29). John J. Pershing. Retrieved December 20, 2020, from https://www.history.com/topics/world-war-i/john-j-pershing

Unknown, U. (1905, January 26). John J. Pershing (US WW1 Commander). Retrieved December 20, 2020, from https://www.onthisday.com/people/john-j-pershing

Picture used for reference. General Pershing

Unknown, U. (2005). The Last Salute. Retrieved December 20, 2020, from https://history.army.mil/books/Last_Salute/Ch4.htm

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                         WHY DOES THIS MATTER/FINAL CONCLUSIONS

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                         WHY DOES THIS MATTER/FINAL CONCLUSIONS

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So why does studying General John J. Pershing matter? Pershing not only played an important role in military history, but he played an important role in leadership history. Pershing is a great example of strong and mighty leadership. He is to this day the only General to be awarded a six-star ranking while still alive. This must mean he did something right.? General Pershing did the impossible. He led an immature army to victory in WWI, something many doubted he could do. The U.S. army 18 months before the U.S. entering WWI would have been insignificant. Not insignificant in training but insignificant in number/ stature. General Pershing during this time had to make many decisions on how to grow the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF), how they were to organize supplies during the war, and when his troops would be ready for battle. General Pershing was a determined leader but not determined in a stubborn or inflexible way. He was determined to be the best and to make America proud. Many times, we may be guilty of using determined and inflexible as synonyms, but this should not be the case. As leaders we can be determined and yet flexible in our actions and or decision making while keeping our eyes on the prize of completing our objective(s). While studying General Pershing we can see that he was determined to win but flexible in how the AEF were to assist the Allies in doing so. His military career boast of valuable and important battle wins in which strategy, courage, and intellect were key to the Allies success. Most importantly General Pershing recognized some of his faults in his leadership style. He originally wanted to keep all his men together commanding them from the forefront. He after some time realized this was not going to win the war and made the cognizant decision to go with a team of teams approach. This is unbelievably valuable for us today as leaders. The requirements of leadership are ever evolving, and technology is leading that charge. It is often a better choice to use the team of teams approach. Using this approach, we can like General Pershing divide our teams and appoint various levels of leadership in whom you trust and have shared goals and or purpose. General Pershing was not without fault and we can learn from these. He was a workaholic and would spend months if not years at war without a chance to recharge. After the death of his family, he withdrew from his personal life. These are all faults in which we can fall into as leaders today. Learn from other mistakes, do not wait to make them yourselves. We can prevent this from studying historical leadership.

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"All officers and soldiers should realize that at no time in our history had discipline been so important; therefore discipline of the highest order must be exacted at all times." (General John J. Pershing)

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                LEADERSHIP ACCOMPLISHMENTS AND FAILURES

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                LEADERSHIP ACCOMPLISHMENTS AND FAILURES

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Successes
Pre WWI/During WWI

1890 Led 6th Calvary in a number of engagements with the Sioux and Apache tribes

1898 Given Silver Citation Star after Spanish-American War. Tactical officer at West Point

1899 & 1906-13 Military tour of the Philippines where Pershing led the American forces. He learned the Moros language and studied their custom. This enabled him to gain their respect and confidence using a balanced policy.

1917 Pershing appointed commander of (AEF) American Expeditionary Forces and sent to Europe.

Helped make decisions to increase U.S. army from less than 100k men to over 2 million in 18 months.

Transformed ill prepared men into disciplined fighting machines

May 1918 Battle at Cantigny

First major American offensive battle. This enabled the Allies to regain this location and use it as a valuable lookout point. This proved the Americans even though ill experienced and trained could fight.

Oct. 1918 Pershing split up his army and created a "team of teams". Pershing saw his army as too large and unbalanced. This would prove to be a major victory. This may have perhaps been one of his greatest accomplishments that brought Allied victory.

Sept.-Nov. 1918 The Meuse-Argonne Offensive. This was the last attacks that brought about the end to the war. This allowed the Allies to punch through German lines. (Center of Military History United States Army,1995)

Failures

1916 Failed mission in Mexico trying to subdue Pancho Villa. Pershing described this as, "a man looking for a needle in a hay stack and a armed guard standing over the stack forbidding you to look in the hay." This was in reference to the U.S. military restricting Pershing moving on the Mexican forces.

Sept. 1918 Battle at St. Mihiel

Major battle and victory for the Allies. This resulted in 5k German casualties and 13k prisoners. Pershing used his highest quality men for this battle which resulted in inexperienced men fighting a much larger battle to the NE  in the Meuse Argonne.

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                        LEADERSHIP ATTRIBUTES AND FLAWS

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                        LEADERSHIP ATTRIBUTES AND FLAWS

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Strengths

Devoted to duty to country

Determined to complete objectives being cognizant of public relations

Flexible/Agile, willing to adapt his leadership style due to an evolving battlefield

Intelligent and well-studied as a military tactician

Creative and strategic, outsmarting opposing offenses on the battlefield

Pershing had an eye for talent and respected his subordinates who would speake up

Courageous

Ability to realize his limitations

Weaknesses

Workaholic who lived a life at war

Withdrawn and hides grief specifically after the death of his family

Rigid and known for being a driving taskmaster expecting perfection. Nicknamed "Black Jack" by cadets who resented his iron discipline. Debatable if this is a true weakness.  (History.com Editors, 2009)

Short sited and sometimes too focused on the wrong things

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We should all find that studying leadership is very important as we are all leaders in some shape, form, or fashion.  Researching this area or skillset can help guide and shape the way we lead not only ourselves, but others. Taking a look into the life and the leadership style of General John J. Pershing is a great place to start. General Pershing was a great, successful, and unique leader.

A “great commander” is that leader who best understands and exploits the realities of warfare as practiced at his time. This understanding places the commander in a position to craft and execute operations that achieve the strategic endstate of the war with the most efficient use of resources at his disposal relative to the enemy and the military conditions of his moment in history. The “great commander” has the ability to overcome or capitalize on the social, political and economic circumstances upon which his army is built and, ultimately, on his skill at using that army to defeat the enemy at the strategic level of war.  (Gabel & Willbanks, 2012)

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During this presentation will be taking a high level overview of six star General John J. Pershing (aka Black Jack). We will be looking at his strengths and weaknesses during WWI as well as the relevance of his leadership style in the 21st century.

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Born September 13, 1860 in Laclede , Missouri

Large middle to lower class family

Excelled in early development

Became a teacher of African American students after graduating high school

Graduated college with a BS Scientific Didactics 1880

Attended West Point 1882

Selected for early leadership role

Graduated 30th out of 77

Reported to active duty 1885-86

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Sept. 13, 1860 - July 15, 1948
(Unknown, 1905)

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12/19/2020
HS315
Great Commanders