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The Life of a Monarch in the 18th century

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The Life of a Monarch in the 18th century

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Most of us have heard about King George III. He ruled over the Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland during the perilous times of the American Declaration of Independence. Although these times were onerous, the rule of King George III was protracted, breaking records with its sixty year duration. His reign was mainly denoted by war since its duration spanned from the Seven Years' War against France (1756-1763) to the American War of Independence (1775-1783) to the Napoleonic wars (1793-1815).

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Especially the Declaration of Independence by the United States contributed to instability during his reign. The men in America called him a usurper, but other colonies remained loyal to the British Crown. The Industrial Revolution with its many new technologies also brought change to the United Kingdom. It introduced the era of machinery with the steam engine and factories. But it also led to the decline of yeomanry because farmers left their lands to work in cities.

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King George III was mainly known for being the “mad” king of England. This name was attributed to him in his late adult life due to his mental illness, which lead to him having episodes of lunacy and eventually being unable to finish his reign. Instead, his son acted as regent on behalf of George III. Historians are not entirely sure what caused George to fall mad, but some speculate that it was because of a bipolar disorder or porphyria. As a young prince, he was said to be indolent, which could be due to his father´s debauchery. But as a young king he was loved by his subjects since he shrewdly made it his priority to care more for Britain than the land of his progenitors, Hanover. However, he still encountered turmoil in parliament where the Whigs often had disputes with the Tories and George himself had quarrels with the parliament.

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King George III in coronation robes 1762

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King George III in coronation robes 1762