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Addison's Disease is a disease resulting from insufficient secretion of cortisol and sometimes aldosterone. This disease mainly affects the adrenal glands to where they are unable to produce adequate hormones. It is characterized by progressive anemia, hypotension, hypoglycemia, fatigue, increased skin pigmentation, joint pain, and loss of appetite. This disease can affect all age groups and gender and can be life threatening.

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Cushing's Disease is a condition resulting from the hypersecretion of cortisol and may be caused by a tumor or prolonged use of steroids. this is caused when too much cortisol is produced by the adrenal glands. Cushing's syndrome is characterized by weak, thin, and easily bruised skin, hypertension, weight gain, and high blood pressure. Treatment of this disease can return the body's cortisol levels to normal and improve symptoms and the earlier treatment begins, the better the changes for recovery.

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Grave's Disease is an autoimmune condition that results in hyperthyroidism. This occurs when the immune system makes an antibody known as thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin which causes the thyroid gland to produce too much of the thyroid hormones. This disease is characterized by bulging eyeballs and an enlarged thyroid gland. Woman who have had this disease in their family are more likely to develop Grave's disease and can be helped through surgery or therapy.

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Hashimoto Disease is a chronic autoimmune form of thyroiditis. It is caused when the immune system creates antibodies that damage the thyroid gland, but doctors don't know why they attack the gland. This disease results in hyposecretion of thyroid hormones. If not treated, the disease can e seen as fatal as it also leads to muscle weakness and eventually heart failure. This disease had no cure, but it can be managed to compensate for the decline in hormone production.

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Gigantism is excessive growth of body parts often due to hypersecretion of GH. This causes excessive growth in height, muscles, and organs. Treatment usually involves medication or surgery to aim to stop the production of growth hormones known as somatotropin. Gigantism usually affects people during their childhood as it is more likely for their pituitary gland to produce too many hormones. The tallest person in the world, Robert Wadlow, was 8'11" due to gigantism.

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Dwarfism is a genetic or medical condition of being abnormally small or short. People affected by this are usually around 4'10" as an adult. Dwarfism has many causes and one is the endocrine dysfunction resulting from a lack of GH. Another is due to having an underactive thyroid which limits growth. The symptoms would be irregular growth and dwarfism can be seen as disproportionate or proportionally, but both are still seen as significantly small.

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Goiter is the enlargement of the thyroid gland. Iodine is essential for the production of hormones in the thyroid gland, so an iodine deficiency would greatly affect how much it secretes. Having goiter doesn't mean your thyroid isn't working, it just means its producing too much or little of thyroxine or T-3. Goiters are usually painless, but they can make you cough or make it hard to swallow or breathe. There are different sizes of goiter so the larger it is may affect pain levels, symptoms, and amounts of secretion.

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Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland doesn’t produce enough thyroid hormones. This can disrupt the heart rate, body temperature, and all aspects of metabolism. When the thyroid doesn’t produce enough hormones, the balance of chemical reactions in the body is disrupted. Some of the causes can be form an autoimmune disease, hyperthyroidism treatments, radiation therapy, thyroid surgery or from certain medications. The people who are at the greatest risk are women who are older than 60 with thyroid diseases in their family.

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Prolactinoma is a non-benign tumor of the pituitary gland. This tumor causes the pituitary to make too much of a hormone called prolactin. Prolactinoma can disrupt the reproductive system as it could decrease levels of estrogen in women and testosterone in men. It is more likely to occur to adult females. A blood test measures the level of prolactin which is essential for establishing a diagnosis and medication can help treat the tumor.

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Thyroid Cancer occurs in the thyroid when cells undergo a genetic mutation. This can disrupt the thyroids growth and hormone secretion. It can cause pain and swelling in the neck, but it can be cured with treatment. There are several types of thyroid cancer as some are slow while others are aggressive. It is more likely to occur to females who were exposed to high levels of radiation or for someone who has it in the family. Thyroid cancer is very treatable which will also allow for a full recovery, but if needed surgery can also help.

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Hyperthyroidism causes an excessive production of thyroxine. This can cause an increase in metabolism, and increase in hormone secretion from the thyroid, and it can disrupt the calcium levels in the blood. It can also lead to heart problems, brittle bone, eye problems, swollen skin, and more. Hyperthyroidism can be cause by many different conditions including Grave’s disease, Plummer's disease and thyroiditis. The people most at risk for this disease are women with a family history of Grave’s disease or even diabetes.

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Diabetes Mellitus Type I is when insulin secretion is deficient. This is due to abnormalities in the islets of Langerhans causing hyperglycemia. The pancreas produce too little to no insulin causing diabetes. There is no cure to Diabetes Mellitus Type I, but there is treatment to manage blood sugar levels with insulin. Peopel are more likely to get diabetes if it has been in their family, if they travel away from the equator, and occurs in children mainly from ages 4-7 and 10-14.

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Diabetes Mellitus Type II is when insulin production may be normal, but the body can't use the insulin efficiently. The body also cant increase insulin production sufficiently to compensate. At first, the pancreas makes insulin to get glucose into cells, but it eventually it can’t keep up and the glucose builds up in the blood instead. People at risk for Diabetes Mellitus Type II are if they are 45 or older, have family members with diabetes, or if they from African American, Alaska Native, Native American, Asian American, Hispanic or Latino, or Pacific Islander American origins.

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POCS, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, is an endocrine disorder comprised of a set of symptoms due to heightened androgens, male hormones. This condition occurs in mainly women due to genetic and environmental factors. For women, symptoms are irregular periods, excess androgen, polycystic ovaries, and weight gain. Factors that can affect this would be excess insulin, inflammation, and if it has been in the family before. Treatment might include medication and a focus on individual concerns.