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The towns in the Middle Ages were small. Some towns became cities and new towns appeared around year 1000. The population increased and towns grew because the trade also increased. Knights demanded money instead of land. Crusades lead to people leaving manors.

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Eleanor of Aquitaine was one of the most powerful person in the middle ages. She lived from C 1122-1204. In 1137 she married King Louis the seventh which made her the Queen of France. The she divorced Louis and married King Henry the second who was the King of England, then she was the Queen of England and mother of future King Richard the Lion Heart.

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Knights were fighters and didn't have time to work in the fields so they allowed peasants to farm in large estates. The estate was owned by a knight or lord and was called a manor. The manor lord made all of the decisions.

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William and his knights defeated the English king. Then he declared himself the King of England. He also gave his knights large estates of land.

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Peasants weren't allowed to leave their land without the lords permission. They owned no land and worked on land owned by nobles and Knights. In return they got a small piece of land to farm for their own.

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Knights served nobles and lords in exchange for land. They fought on horseback for the lords. They wore suits of armor. They could accept fiefs from multiple lords.

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Nobles were the vassals of of kings. They gave upper lords money on special occasions. They also gave upper lords food and shelter if needed. Nobles could become a lord if they gained enough land.

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Kings and Queens were the greatest lords. Nobles and knights were their vassals and they gave land to them in return for protection. Also the Kings and Queens built castles for their protection. Some of them were a monarchy.