# data[].attributes.body
Not all trade agreements are regionally based; the Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries is made up of members from the Middle East, South America and Africa. Its focus is on the trade of oil globally.

# data[].attributes.body
After criticism by Greenpeace on reliance on non-renewable resources, use of toxic chemicals, pollution and lack of recyclability of products, Apple launched a campaign. It now uses 75% renewable energy, using solar farms, and has moved up the Green Electronics ranking from 11th in 2006 to 6th by 2012.

# data[].attributes.headline
All Common Access Resources are likely to be overexploited

# data[].attributes.subject
All Common Access Resources are likely to be overexploited

# data[].attributes.body
International law is needed to prevent overexploitation; the high seas are covered by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea.

# data[].attributes.body
In 2011, 44% of product sales were in the USA, where headquarters, research and design are located; but demand is increasing rapidy in the Asia-Pacific region. Most mainstream Apple products are manufactured in China for three reasons:
1. Labour is cheap
2. Many, especially Taiwanese companies, fought to manufacture Apple products, bringing costs down due to competition
3. Shenzen was China's first and most successful Special Economic Zone, offering incentives to companies.

# data[].attributes.body
Mixing and upwelling where cold Antarctic waters meet the relatively warmer sub-Atlantic waters; causes high marine productivity, especially Antarctic Krill.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Government support. Eg. In Pakistan, exporters can use dry ports, inland and closer to businesses, to save time and costs.
2. Finance. Eg. High-speed electronic trading systems make transactions fast and secure.
3. Transport. Eg. Standardised containers can be transported by sea, rail, road and air.
4. Security. Eg. The EU 'secure operator label' is awarded to operators meeting the EU minimum security standards.
5. Management and information systems. Eg. Just-In-Time technology allows goods to be produced and sold efficiently.
6. Trade agreements. Eg. The EU Monetary Union 'Eurozone' has a common currency to stimulate trade between members.

# data[].attributes.body
A 'top down' approach, tgrying to provoke a 'bottom up' response; with strategies trickling down through governments to a local level. Local collection of recycling in most parts of the UK is a tangible result. However, some, especially religious groups, criticise the focus on population control, while others argue that the idea of private property is being attacked.

# data[].attributes.body
8 anti-poverty targets were set out in 2000, to be reached by 2015. Goals included halving extreme poverty (missed), halting the spread of HIV and AIDs (missed), and halving the number without access to safe drinking water (achieved). There is criticism that the rush to achieve good national averages meant the poorest few were often left behind, creating greater disparities.

# data[].attributes.body
To prevent criticism of standardisation of products on the global market, some TNCs use 'glocalisation' to customise products for local markets. For example, the McDonalds menu is often adapted to suit local tastes.

# data[].attributes.body
The EU gave Special and Differential Treatment to banana producers in ex-colonies, first in Africa and then in the Caribbean. This began in 1975 at the Lome Convention and started a trade war in the 1990s that lasted 20 years between the USA and the EU. US Transnationals controlling Latin American mass-producers felt cheated, so complained to the World Trade Organisation.A compromise was eventually made in 2009 in Geneva and tariffs were reduced on Latin American bananas.80% of bananas entering the EU still come from 3 Caribbean nations, but others struggle to compete with Latin America.