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Hydrocarbons are compounds that contain only carbons and hydrogens, which makes them non-polar.

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Alkanes are a type of hydrocarbon. They are saturated and contain only single bonds.

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Alkenes are a second type of hydrocarbon. They are unsaturated and contain a double bond.

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Alkynes are a third type of hydrocarbon. They are also unsaturated and contain a triple bond.

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When naming alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes, alkanes will receive the suffix -ane, alkenes will receive the suffix -ene, and alkynes will receive the suffix -yne.

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The prefix of the hydrocarbon is determined by the number of carbons in the compound.
1 carbon: meth-
2 carbons: eth-
3 carbons; prop-
4 carbons: but-
5 carbons: pent-
6 carbons: hex-
7 carbons: hept-
8 carbons: oct-
9 carbons: non-
10 carbons: dec-

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When naming a hydrocarbon completely, you simply combine both of these ideas.

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This compound contains only single bonds which means that its suffix is -ane, and it has 1 carbon which means that its prefix is meth-. Combining these two ideas, the full name of the compound is methane.

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This compound contains a double bond which means that its suffix is -ene, and it has 7 carbons which means that its prefix is -hept, so the name of the compound is heptene.

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This compound has a triple bond which means that its suffix is -yne, and it has 3 carbons which means that its prefix is prop-, so the full name of the compound is propyne.