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OAS World Human Geography, Grades 9-12

Standard 4.4 - The student will evaluate
specific textual and visual evidence to explain
the political organization of space. The student will examine changes and challenges to political/territorial
arrangements, the changing nature of sovereignty, and
evolution of contemporary political patterns.

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Students will be able to answer the following questions: 1) How and why are political boundaries drawn and enforced? and 2) How do political and social tensions affect the movements of populations?

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Gorbachev’s reforms allowed free elections in Hungary, 1989

1. Soviet Union relaxes control of satellite states

Hungary took down its border fence to Austria in June 1989

1. Find the Austria/Hungary border

East German “tourists” walk across Austrian border

1. East Germans are able to move freely between Soviet satellite states, and use the opportunity to cross over into the West

East German government forces Hungary to rebuild their border fence

1. How does the Berlin Wall compare to modern border walls in Europe (think: Schengen Zone) and the proposed border wall between the US and Mexico?

Mass protests erupt in East Germany, Gorbachev refuses to stop protests

Honecker resigns in October 1989, new government removes travel restrictions to the West

East Germans tear down Berlin Wall in November 1989, guards can do nothing to stop them

500,000 East Germans move to West Germany

1. This causes tensions, such as overcrowding

Communist Party in East Germany collapses

Germany is reunified on October 3, 1990

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What is a satellite state?

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Berlin Wall guards in front of the Brandenburg Gate, 1986

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Berlin Wall guards in front of the Brandenburg Gate, 1986

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"Attention! You are now leaving West Berlin"

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A crowd gathers as the Berlin Wall is declared "open," 1989

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A crowd gathers as the Berlin Wall is declared "open," 1989

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Click here for a video of this

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Click here for a speech Honecker gave in 1989, shortly before the Berlin Wall fell