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Born in 1162, Genghis Khan founded the Mongol Empire. He was known as the “Great Khan.” Present-day Mongolians consider him to be Mongolia’s founding father. He is the grandfather of Kublai Khan. He died in 1227.

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Born in 1215, Kublai Khan conquered China to establish the Yuan dynasty. He assumed the role of the emperor of China in 1271. He was Genghis Khan’s grandson. He met with Marco Polo during one of his travels. He died in 1294.

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Born in 1929, Sengiin Erdene was a well-known novelist in Mongolia. His father was killed during the repressions of the late 1930s. Before he wrote, he was a psychiatrist for a couple of years. Several of his works have been translated to German. He passed away in 2000.

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Born in 1947, in the Gurvanbulag soum of Bulgan Province, Mongolia, he became the first Mongolian to travel into space. In 1966 he joined the Mongolian Air Force. He was selected as part of the 8th Intercosmos program in 1978 while he was in the rank of Major General. He was Mongolia’s defense minister from 2000-2004. He is still alive to this day.

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A small portion of this Mongolian National Park is developed with restaurants, shops, etc., but most of the park is undeveloped. The attractions include various lakes, hot springs, monasteries, and rock formations.

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Lake Khövsgöl is the largest freshwater lake in Mongolia and second largest by size. It is one of 17 ancient lakes in the world, and is the most pristine (the water is drinkable without filtering). It is the most significant water reserve in Mongolia.

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A Mongolian Buddhist Monastery which was restored in the 1990s. The name translates to the “Great Place of Complete Joy.” Inside currently resides a little over 100 monks.

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A map of Mongolia which marks our famous locations.

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Buuz (similar to the Chinese 包子 bāozi or 饺子 jiǎozi)

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Buuz (similar to the Chinese 包子 bāozi or 饺子 jiǎozi)

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A Mongolian steamed dumpling filled with meat, normally mutton or beef. Traditionally, buuz is typically eaten during the Tsagaan Sar (Mongolian New Year), but nowadays, it is offered in many cafes and restaurants in the capital. During Tsagaan Sar, families will make hundreds, if not thousands, of buuz, and it is considered rude to not eat it when visiting families (they will be trying to get you to eat as many as possible).

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Khorkhog is a Mongolian barbecue dish, where pieces of meat (normally lamb) are cooked in a container with hot stones and water. It’s generally popular in the countryside, but not often eaten in restaurants (as most eat it with their hands).

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Airag is fermented horse milk (an alcoholic beverage made of mare’s milk). It’s typically offered (at least in the countryside) when visiting other families, or hosting others themselves.

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Tsuivan is a noodle stew with meat and vegetables. Essentially, it is when a pot of stew is cooked and noodles are steamed on top of that, for maximum efficiency. Typically, the meat is either lamb or beef. Tsuivan is a very popular and common dish in Mongolia.

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These are still commonly worn by both men and women outside major towns, especially by herders. In urban areas, deels are mostly only worn by elderly people, or on festive occasions.

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Their fashion and trimmings & colors were amazing varied depending on the sex of the person wearing it his or her social position or to who's tribe or nationality they belonged. Women's hats were more fashionable than men's, and the ribbons on them were decorated with turquoise.

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The toes of boots are upturned, and several explanations have been offered for this unconventional style. If boots had upturned toes pre 1578 when Buddhism introduced to Mongolia , then this would be an example of religion using indigenous customs, beliefs etc. to support advance their own religion. Another explanation is that the upturned tip prevents a rider's feet from slipping out of the stirrups. However it's also true that boots are so thick and rigid that if they were flat, they would be almost impossible to walk in.

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Tugrik / ₮ / MNT

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1 USD = 2443.49 Mongolian Tugrik

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Traditional mongols practice this religion, worshipping the blue sky. The people practice ritualistic magic, nature worship, exorcism, meditation, and natural healing.

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This gained more popularity after it was introduced in 16th century. Tibetan Buddhism shared the common Buddhist goals of individual release from suffering and reincarnation. Tibet's Dalai Lama, who lives in India, is the religion's spiritual leader, and is highly respected in Mongolia.

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There's a significant minority of Sunni Muslims in the far western regions of Mongolia