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the governing body of a nation, state, or community.

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a set of rules that guides how a country, state, or other political organization works.

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an agreement or a settlement of a dispute that is reached by each side making concessions.

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sign or give formal consent to (a treaty, contract, or agreement), making it officially valid.

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The first ten amendments to the US Constitution, ratified in 1791 and guaranteeing such rights as the freedoms of speech, assembly, and worship.

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a minor change in a document.

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The system of checks and balances is used to keep the government from getting too powerful in one branch

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Algonquian is the name of a family of Northeast Native American languages. Its speakers include the Penobscot, Massachuset, Mohican, Shawnee, Miami, and Illinois tribes. Collectively these tribes are called Algonquin.

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An empire is a large group of territories and people who are ruled by a single sovereign leader or nation. Throughout history countries or groups of people have built empires by using their military, or the threat of military power, to conquer other territories.

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The Iroquois League played an important role in the European settlement of North America. Its location between Albany and the Great Lakes prevented the French from making a permanent settlement in the region.

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A kiva is a room used by Puebloans for religious rituals and political meetings, many of them associated with the kachina belief system.

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A longhouse was a type of home that a number of different Native American tribes built, especially tribes who lived in the forests of the Northeast. A longhouse was made of a framework of poles that the Native Americans then covered with sheets of bark.

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Natural resources are resources that exist without actions of humankind. This includes all valued characteristics such as magnetic, gravitational, electrical properties and forces etc.

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Pueblo comes from the Spanish word for “village.” The Pueblo Indian emerged around 100 CE. This group settled in the region that spanned from central Utah to northern Mexico.

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A tepee was a cone-shaped tent used by some Native American groups for shelter. This type of housing was most common in the Plains region of the United States.

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Totem poles had seven main uses, some of which include marking a grave, identifying a home’s owner, or guarding the remains of dead ancestors. They could also be made to mock people who had fallen into disgrace.

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A compact instrument used to observe and calculate the position of celestial bodies before the invention of the sextant.

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small, fast Spanish or Portuguese sailing ship of the 15th–17th centuries.

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Circumnavigation is the complete navigation around an entire island, continent, or astronomical body. The first known circumnavigation of Earth was the Magellan-Elcano expedition, which sailed from Seville, Spain in 1519 and returned in 1522, after crossing the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans. Wikipedia

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A compass is an instrument used for navigation and orientation that shows direction relative to the geographic cardinal directions. Usually, a diagram called a compass rose shows the directions north, south, east, and west on the compass face as abbreviated initials. Wikipedia

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Conquistadors is a term used to refer to the soldiers and explorers of the Spanish Empire or the Portuguese Empire in a general sense. During the Age of Discovery, conquistadors sailed beyond Europe to the Americas, Oceania, Africa, and Asia, conquering territory and opening trade routes.Wikipedia

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A journey or voyage undertaken by a group of people with a particular purpose, especially that of exploration, scientific research, or war.

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A lateen or latin-rig is a triangular sail set on a long yard mounted at an angle on the mast, and running in a fore-and-aft direction. Dating back to Roman navigation, the lateen became the favorite sail of the Age of Discovery, mainly because it allows a boat to tack "against the wind."Wikipedia

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An open rebellion against the proper authorities, especially by soldiers or sailors against their officers.

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The Northwest Passage is, from the European and northern Atlantic point of view, the sea route to the Pacific Ocean through the Arctic Ocean, along the northern coast of North America via waterways through the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Wikipedia

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a person who gives financial or other support to a person, organization, cause, or activity.

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each of four parts of a plane, sphere, space, or body divided by two lines or planes at right angles.

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A conquistador was the name given to the Fifteenth-to-Seventeenth century Spanish and Portugese soldiers who conquered much of the world, most famously the Central and Southern Americas.

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Encomienda, in colonial Spanish America, legal system by which the Spanish crown attempted to define the status of the Indian population in its American colonies.

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All the physical surroundings on Earth are called the environment. The environment includes everything living and everything nonliving. ... People, animals, plants, and all other living things rely on the nonliving parts of the environment to survive.

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affecting or tending to affect a disproportionately large number of individuals within a population, community, or region at the same time

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indentured servant. A person under contract to work for another person for a definite period of time, usually without pay but in exchange for free passage to a new country.

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The Middle Passage was the route that carried slaves from their homes in Africa to the New World. ... Aboard slave ships, slaves were bound and packed into small areas and given little food, water, or fresh air.

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a ministry commissioned by a religious organization to propagate (see PROPAGATE sense 3b) its faith or carry on humanitarian work

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1 : to give in exchange for something else I'll trade my apple for your banana. 2 : to take part in the exchange, purchase, or sale of goods Our country trades in many parts of the world.

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The Atlantic slave trade was the selling of African people as slaves by Europeans that happened in and around the Atlantic Ocean. It lasted from the 15th century to the 19th century. ... Some were sold into slavery as punishment or to pay a debt, usually by other Africans.

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Triangular trade is a term that describes the Atlantic trade routes between three different destinations, or countries, in Colonial Times. The Triangular Trade routes, covered England, Europe, Africa, the Americas and the West Indies. The West Indies supplied slaves, sugar, molasses and fruits to the American colonies.

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noun. (in Spanish-speaking parts of the US) a cowboy; a cattle driver. ... 'As cattle ranching spread northward into California and Texas, Americans adopted the tools and techniques of the vaquero.'

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The Church of England has been the official Church for about 400 years

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A colony is a group of people from one country who build a settlement in another territory, or land. They claim the new land for the original country, and the original country keeps some control over the colony. The settlement itself is also called a colony. The practice of setting up colonies is called colonialism.

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A raw material or primary agricultural product that can be bought and sold, such as copper or coffee.

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Dutch West India Company was a chartered company of Dutch merchants as well as foreign investors. Among its founders was Willem Usselincx.

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A joint-stock company is a business entity in which shares of the company's stock can be bought and sold by shareholders. Each shareholder owns company stock in proportion, evidenced by their shares. Shareholders are able to transfer their shares to others without any effects to the continued existence of the company.

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The Massachusetts Bay Company was a joint stock trading company chartered by the English crown in 1629 to colonize a vast area in New England extending from 3 mi (4.8 km) miles north of the Merrimack River to 3 mi miles south of the Charles River.

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Mayflower Compact. An agreement reached by the Pilgrims on the ship the Mayflower in 1620, just before they landed at Plymouth Rock. The Mayflower Compact bound them to live in a civil society according to their own laws.

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Mercantilism, also called "commercialism,” is a system in which a country attempts to amass wealth through trade with other countries, exporting more than it imports and increasing stores of gold and precious metals. It is often considered an outdated system.

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A person who travels to a holy place as an act of religious devotion. 2 capitalized : one of the English colonists who founded the first permanent settlement in New England at Plymouth in 1620.

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A member or follower of any of the Western Christian churches that are separate from the Roman Catholic Church and follow the principles of the Reformation, including the Baptist, Presbyterian, and Lutheran churches.

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Grains, such as corn, wheat, and rice, are the world's most popular food crops. In fact, these crops are often the basis for food staples. A food staple is a food that makes up the dominant part of a population's diet.

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The Virginia Company was a joint stock company that was approved by King James I to create new settlements in the colony of Virginia. A joint stock company is a business organization with which investors pooled money in order to purchase stock in a company.

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Anne Hutchinson was a Puritan spiritual adviser, mother of 15, and an important participant in the Antinomian Controversy which shook the infant Massachusetts Bay Colony from 1636 to 1638.

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John Rolfe was one of the early English settlers of North America. He is credited with the first successful cultivation of tobacco as an export crop in the Colony of Virginia.

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Peter Stuyvesant; served as the last Dutch director-general of the colony of New Netherland from 1647 until it was ceded provisionally to the English in 1664, after which it was renamed New York.

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Roger Williams (1603?-1683) was a religious dissenter and the founder of Rhode Island (1636). During his fifty years in New England, Williams was a staunch advocate of religious toleration and separation of church and state.

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A person who supports the separation of a particular group of people from a larger body on the basis of ethnicity, religion, or gender.

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Thomas Hooker (July 5, 1586 – July 7, 1647) was a prominent Puritan colonial leader, who founded the Colony of Connecticut after dissenting with Puritan leaders in Massachusetts. He was known as an outstanding speaker and an advocate of universal Christian suffrage.