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Smart cards are plastic credit card style cards that differ from normal DUMB magnetic stripe cards by having a higher storage capacity and an embedded processor. The processor is powered on when the card is inserted into a smart card reader, the processor then controls access to the data stored on the card.

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Bank cards, credit cards,hotel key cards and some frequent traveller cards feature a magnetic stripe pn the reverse side, and in many places tickets for public transport now use the same technology. These magnetic stripes store a small amount of data which is read using a magnetic stripe reader.

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A barcode scanner uses a laser to shine light into a barcode label. The thinckness of the lines and the spacing between the lines on the barcode determine the amount of reflected light. This is then interpreted as a number by the barcode scanner

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Joysticks and game pads are two common input devices used by games players. There are many different configurations available that include a variety of buttons and features.

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A microphone allows sound data to be input into the computer. Many laptops have microphones built in to them, and external microphones can also be used. Microphnes are often used with video conferencing and voice over IP software.

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Touch screens allow users to interact with computers using their hand or a specially designed pen called a stylus. Touch screens are often used in airports for passengers.

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Touch pads are common input devices on laptops, where there is usually not enough space for a mouse. As well as moving the pointer by tracing their finger across the touch pad, users can also use bars at the side to scroll text on the screen.

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A trackball consists of a relatively large ball which is fixed in place so that the user can spin it around, controling a pointer on the screen. One of the advantages of trackballs over mice is that they do not move across the desk, which makes them ideal for use in areas where space is tight. A trackball can be much more usable than a mouse for people with movement difficulties

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A mouse is the standard pointing device on most desktop computers.A typical computer mouse has two buttons and many also have a scroll wheel in the centre to perform tasks like scrolling trough documentsor web pages.Some have additional buttons in the middle or around the side, which can be programmed to perform customizable commands.

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A soft keyboard (also called a software keyboard, on screen keyboard, or virtual keyboard) is a keyboard that is represented by a series of buttons drawn on a monitor or screen.

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On a concept keyboard each key is programmed to perform a custom function. Typically there are no pre-set keys such as numbers or letters- instead, each key performs one compound task.

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Keyboard that is present on virtually all laptop and desktop computers.
Some alternatives to QWERTY keyboards have been created: Dvorak Keyboards use a completly different layout which is claimed to increase typing sped by rearranging commoly paired letters.

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Input devices are items of hardware that allow entry of information into the computer.This information may be text,images,sound,or even movements.