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Ports / Harbors
- The accessibility to the port
Example; Port Klang is served by many KTM that connect it to Kuala Lumpur, Shah Alam, Petaling Jaya and many others.
- Handle International trade
Ports in Malaysia has the best container operator in Asia.
- Electronic data interchange (EDI)
EDI in the ports has resulted in prompt clearance of cargo with the electronic transfer of documentation
- Latest digital and fibre optics technology
- Port Klang is the biggest and the most important port in Malaysia

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This Wind-Powered Super Sailboat Will Carry 7,000 Cars Across the Atlantic

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- Infrastructure development and port expansion
With over 40 companies present and among them a broad range of multinationals, the free zone has reached its limits, and Port of Tanjung Pelepas is targeting to double the size by 2025.
- Modernization and Digitalization
Ports are required to implement advanced technologies, digitalize processes and adopt innovative working methods to improve efficiency and reduce costs.
- Development of secondary ports located in Sabah and Sarawak.
Ports in Sabah and Sarawak have considerable potential for growth given the increase in their throughput volumes over the past decade, particularly for container cargo.
- Use of alternative energy sources
For example, fuel cells to power port vehicles, plants, machineries and
other mobile devices.
- Materials
Use more sustainable method of disposing the dredged sediments such as mechanical dewatering instead of lagooning

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Marina
- A small port that is designed for small pleasure boats
- Differs from a port, a marina does not handle large passenger ships or cargo from freighters
- Example:
Admiral Marina, Port Dickson
Pangkor Marina
Rebak Marina
Straits Quay Marina, Penang

Benefits:
- tourism activities trigger positive multipliers to economy
-encouraging spending by tourists
-boosting development of tourism infrastructure
- generating earnings for companies involved in marine tourism

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- Port Klang
- Port of Penang
- Port of Tanjung Pelepas
- Johor Port
- Penang Port
- Bintulu Port
- Malacca Port
- Kuantan Port
- Kemaman Port
- Port of Kuala Sungai Linggi
- Lumut Port

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- It's safe
The percentages of losses caused by incidents during transport by sea  is lowest.
- Low cost
Can ship large volumes at low cost. A freight forwarder can consolidate consignments to reduce costs.
- Helpful in Defense

Development of shipping is essential for the defense of the country also. It is also called second line of defense.
- Less Maintenance Cost

Maintenance cost in rail and road transport is quite high but maintenance cost of water transport is quite less.
- Larger Capacity

It can carry much larger quantities of heavy and bulky goods such as coal, and, timber etc.

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- Slow speed
More time-consuming mode and is ideal for those items which have a long lead time.
- Risky
Since there is a high amount of time involvement from shipping to delivery, the risks associated with ocean shipping are higher.
- Lack of infrastructure
Certain parts of the world might not have facilities of ports and terminals and can not receive large ships carrying containers.
- High fuel prices
The price of fuel is a major cost-driver in sea transportation. Fuel costs can account for as much as 60 per cent of a ship’s operating costs.
- Overcapacity
Due to cargo imbalances moving between Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah and Sarawak.

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Canals
- Manmade waterway that allows boats and ships to pass from one body of water to another
- Used to transport water for irrigation and other human uses
- Example : Canals of Malacca ( Malacca River Cruise )

Benefits:
1. Un-irrigated wastelands can be developed by canal irrigation, which would increase the quantity of biomass in the area.

2. Economic development can be expedited by avoiding dangerous droughts. Dependence on rainfall can be minimized through canal development.

3. Canals are fed by rain water received by rivers, and the water is used for irrigation. Production of crops needing more water is also possible through canals. As compared to un-irrigated soils, higher productivity per hectare is also possible due to canals.