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Campbell, Donna M. Realism in American Literature, public.wsu.edu/~campbelld/amlit/realism.htm.
VZ, Prof. “Realism, Naturalism, Regionalism, Romanticism.” Realism, Naturalism, Regionalism, Romanticism |, 16 Mar. 2017, blogs.cofc.edu/american-survey/2017/03/16/realism-naturalism-regionalism-romanticism/.
“The Red Badge of Courage.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Dec. 2019, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Red_Badge_of_Courage.
“American Literary Regionalism.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 7 Sept. 2019, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_literary_regionalism.
“What Is the Difference Between Romanticism and Realism?” Reference, IAC Publishing, www.reference.com/world-view/difference-between-romanticism-realism-e44597b47d8c82f3.
SansGuilt. “Compare and Contrast: The Similarities and Differences Between Realism and Naturalism.” Owlcation, Owlcation, 5 Feb. 2015, owlcation.com/humanities/Compare-and-Contrast-The-Similarities-and-Differences-between-Realism-and-Naturalism.

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Differences:

Realism expresses a message that depicts situations realistically, whereas romanticism illustrates messages by using fiction.

Romanticism focuses on plot, hyperbole, metaphor and feeling. In contrast, realism focuses on characters, details, objectivity and separation of author and narrator.

Romanticism rebels against prior forms of writing and art by picking into feeling, belief, imagination and fantasy. On the other hand, realism focuses on details in an attempt to replicate the real world in text form.

Similarities:

Realism and Romanticism are both 19th century art movements.

God is absent from most of the writing in either category, with writers opting for a focus on the real world.

They are both "basic" views of life and humanity, stripping away the layers of romanticism to present a " natural" or "real" outlook of the work. They avoid artificial, fantasy, or supernatural elements.

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1. Naturalism is the belief that nothing exists beyond the natural world. Naturalism focuses on explanations that come from the laws of nature instead of supernatural explanations.
2. Naturalism attempted to depict things realistically, but focused on the inability of people to resist the biological, social, and economic forces that dictated their behavior and their fate.
3. Naturalistic writers write stories based on the idea that environment determines and governs human character.

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1. Regionalism is a literature that is a fiction or poetry that focuses on a character and their background that is highly influenced by the region they are from or in.
2. Since realism was a literary movement of authors expressing their views on the world, regionalism can play a role in it because authors can talk about it while writing about every day lived during the Industrial Revolution.
3. Regionalist writers literature is mainly poetry that focuses on dialect, customs, history, and landscape, of a particular region.

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Henry James, The Portrait of a Lady, depicts the lives of Americans in Europe.

William Dean Howells,  A Hazard of New Fortunes, dramatizes the teeming, competitive life of New York

Stephen Crane, The Red Badge of Courage, depicts the realistic battles troops have to go through.

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1. The Industrial revolution was the transition into new machinery and technology in the Americas and Europe. Realism during the Industrial Revolution depicted modern subjects drawn from the everyday lives of the working class as a way to fight for democratic reforms.
2. The Civil War impacted this time period due to the fact that since the citizens of the US were fighting for their independence and rights it influenced the writers even more to write about what they believed in.
3. The progressive era was a movement to address problems caused by industrialization, urbanization and migration. During this era many writers would write about the ongoing problems that would be happening just to spread awareness to others.

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1. Realism was popular around the 1840s Revolution. It was an artistic movement that emerged in France.
2.

Characters are more important than the actions and plots.

Realistic novels avoid the sensational, dramatic elements of naturalistic novels and romances.

Class is important. Most of the literature mentions the characters place in society.