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The Brown v. Board of Education case is important because it helped desegregate public schools in America. This conveys that although the 14th amendment was put in place in 1868, they didn't follow it. This event helped lead up to the Civil Rights Act where America finally decided to rule out any type of discrimination.

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History.com Editors. "Brown v. Board of Education." History.com, A&E Television Networks, 27 Oct. 2009,
https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/brown-v-board-of-education-of-topeka

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Four years before the Civil Rights Act was passed four college students were refused service at a lunch counter in North Carolina. The next day hundreds of people came to the lunch bar to protest, later becoming known as the Greensboro sit-ins. The police took action in a peaceful protest by arresting many for trespassing, and start of a boycott to all segregated lunch counters. Eventually the students were served at the lunch court where the incidents first took place.

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"Separate but equal" doctrine segregated colored people from whites.

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History.com Editors. “Plessy v. Ferguson.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 29 Oct. 2009, www.history.com/topics/black-history/plessy-v-ferguson.

“Plessy v. Ferguson.” Civil Rights Movement, edwardscivilrights.weebly.com/plessy-v-ferguson.html.

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The Plessy v. Ferguson case was important in establishing the "separate but equal" doctrine. Other public places like schools, movie theaters, and hotels were also segregated. "Whites only" and "colored only" became common signs in these places, ensuring the separation between the two races. Although these places were supposed to be equal, the whites had more advantages and better environments than the colored places. It served to see that the Supreme Court's ruling wasn't necessarily true in saying that it was civil for the blacks to be segregated from the whites after the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

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History.com Editors. “Civil Rights Movement.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 27 Oct. 2009, www.history.com/topics/black-history/civil-rights-movement.

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The importance of the Greensboro sit-ins is to show that blacks are treated differently than whites, so much to the fact they wouldn’t even be served. This shines a light on how even when the blacks were causing no harm by being in the white lunch counter they would be denied the right to be treated like normal people and served food. It helps the black community to gain a foothold on the Civil Rights Act as well.

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The Jim Crow laws are important because they show the still hostile whites after the Civil War. It shows how poorly the blacks were treated after they were so called ‘free’. Lastly it is proof of further segregation, helping the case of Civil Rights when fought for in the future.

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After Reconstruction from the civil war blacks were granted the right to vote. However, this made whites ,specifically in the southern states, very upset because the property they once owned was now equal. To balance out, the Jim Crow laws were created in the late nineteenth century to lower the societal status of black people over the whites. The laws stated that blacks couldn’t use the same public facilities as whites, this went as far as schools, restaurants, bathrooms, and even water fountains. Southern segregation gained a foothold in 1896 when “separate but equal” was declared in Plessy v Ferguson

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In 1952, Brown's case and 4 other cases all related to segregation in school so the supreme court decided to combine these cases to create a single case that they named Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka. When the justices were not so sure how to rule school segregation, Chief Justice Fred M. Vinson held the opinion that the Plessy verdict should stand. On september 1953, before the case was able to be heard, Vinson died so the president decided to replace him with Earl Warren, the governor of California. Earl Warren was able to successfully engineer a verdict against school segregation the following year. In his decision, on May 17, 1954, he wrote that "separate but equal" didn't belong in schools because it was "inherently unequal." As a result, the supreme court came to the conclusion that school segregation was violating the 14th amendment that was put into place in 1868.

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The case originated to challenge the Separate Car Act of 1890. The law segregated blacks from whites giving "separate but equal" trains for passengers. An African American man, Homer Plessy, refused to sit on a train for blacks only. The Supreme Court, however stated that the 14th amendment only gave him civil rights, not "social rights" like choosing where to sit on a train. Thus, the Jim Crow laws and segregation in schools began to spring up and was common.