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the process of analysing errors after an experiment

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the use of a control

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The instructions for an experiment
if specific, reduces random errors and extraneous variables.

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qualitative data refers to data that describes the dependent variable.
The data can be counted but not measured.

Qualitative data can described as;
nominal can be counted but not ordered (ie colour, gender) and ordinal factors which have a ranking or an order (ie, age group, light intensity)

qualitative data can be represented by names symbols or numbers and described through images or descriptions

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Measuring equipment that has been tested for accuracy

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designed to eliminate extraneous variables
replicates the entire testing procedure excluding independent variables

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(repeatability)
the ability to obtain the same results if the experiment is repeated

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quantitative data refers to data that can be measured and counted in mathematical terms.
discrete variable:
values are fixed (ie number of cells on a slide)
continous variable:
values that fall between a range that can be measured , (ie mass, length, temperature, wavelength)

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a fault due to one measurement
causes a lack of precision

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A fault in the experiment that causes all tests to be inaccurate
Usually related to equipment

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the ability to perform an experiment under slightly different conditions and still obtain the same or very similar results

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The ability to get the same results in the exact same conditions as the original experiment was conducted under

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That there are no extraneous variables effecting the dependent variable
Validity describes the method and controls

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how close the recorded results to a known value

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reliability describes an experiment's data

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How close two or more pieces of recorded data were to each other

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Extraneous variables are all variables that aren't the independent variable but could affect the results

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Independent variable is what is changed
Dependent variable is the result
Controlled variable is constant throughout experiment
Uncontrolled variable is unintentionally not measured

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What you expect to see in the results, a statement that can be tested