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a. Black & white, women/girls

b. Panels to structure story + provide idea of time & space, speech, negative space provides central focus, the lack of color represents tone/mood, messages represented through visual form, minimalist style.

c. The artist's choice to reflect on her life through a simplistic graphic novel conveys her message succinctly. As well as this, the style of artwork visually provides an immediate central focus towards the issue of women's oppression. Thus, the emphasis on the historical struggle for women in Iran, alongside their revolution, is clearly and easily understood.

d. I think that the rest of this graphic novel will continue to showcase various aspects of her life, specifically revolving around her and other women's struggle with religion, freedom and societal oppression in Iran. I believe it will highlight the consequences that follow the revolution and disobedience of the female youth.

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a. The Veil
b. speech bubbles - informs the reader on whats going on and creates a deeper understanding
Panel - creates a timeline of the story and explains it
Characters - shows the emotions of the characters
Colour- expresses the emotion
c. I believe that the artist chose this style to write about her experience in Iran because it shows how dull it was which is probably indicating that it was a tough time from the black and white images and how the veil was oppressing younger women due to the new rule
d. I predict that this rule will be changed because it was causing harm to the younger women as they were seeing the veil as a miserable thing thats taking away their freedom,

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a) the first thing i notice is the exclusive use of black and white colors by the author. these colors are known to have the highest possible contrast of any combination of colors, and thus grabbed my attention.

b) this text's features that make it a graphic novel include: panels, the narration, sound effects, word balloons, and gutter

c) i think the artist chose this medium to write her memoir about growing up in Iran in the 1980s as a result of a graphic novel's ability to illustrate every emotion, struggle, and physical changes that characters endure. This provides a powerful insight regarding the detrimental nature of war on innocent children to the reader. The graphic novel medium also enables the reader to develop a better understanding of how the Islamic revolution affected the author as a child.

d) i predict that the author would escape Iran and document the change in atmosphere between it and her new location

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1. The first thing that can be noticed from the graphic novel is its solid use of white and black and its simplistic design contradicting the complex issue discussed within the text.

2. Certain features of the text determine The Veil as a graphic novel. For example, the author’s use of panels and captions, the use of foreground and background within the images, and the frames.

3. The simplistic choice of style and use of the graphic novel as the medium becomes ironic for a complex issue concerning religious corruption and totalitarianism. However, this shows the author’s willingness to target younger age groups in order to familiarise them with the brutalities of history and to advocate for religious tolerance at an earlier stage of life.

4. I predict that the rest of the graphic novel continuous to discuss the religious unrest in Iran during the 1980s and explore the effects of corruption on societies.

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a. I notice black and white panels and the message that stick out to me is the oppression of women and girls.
b. A graphic novel deals with serious topics and subliminal meaning, panels, color, simplicity, along with tone and mood being communicated.
c. This simplistic style allows the reader to focus on the intended meaning that is communicated, which is the oppression of women following the revolution. Additionally, a graphic novel allows for a visual representation that is direct and explicit to her audience in order to emphasize her communicated message and memoir.
d. The panel reverts back to the girl in the first panel, which would entail the continuation of her oppression.

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a.  The first things that I noticed were the panels, black and white color scheme, young girls in the illustrations, and the title.

b. The structure in the form of panels characterizes it as a graphic novel and the use of captions, speech bubbles, and illustrations support that.

c. The illustrations and captions paired together make the message easily understandable to a wide audience. The medium provides the artist a form that can communicate the issue in a simplistic yet powerful manner.

d. I think the students may be forced to face consequences for their behaviour and the main character's journey of struggles and eventual freedom will be narrated.

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a. Comic strip format, black and white colouring
b. Panels, speech bubbles, and gutters make this text a graphic novel.
c. The author chose this medium and style, because of its simplicity and attraction to a wider audience. This allows him to communicate the message that the newly established Iranian regime is against the notion of liberalism and freedom by forcing young students to live by a certain standard - in this case by wearing a veil.
d. The novel will continue to discuss the oppressive nature of the regime against basic western values.

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a. Girls and women in veils drawn in black and white
b. Deeper meaning paired with simple illustration
c. It is simple and understandable, conveys the message easily
d. The panels would most likely continue showing the nature of the repressive society where this scene is set

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Symmetry: correct or pleasing proportion of the parts of the novel on the panel and follow it easily

Satire: the use of humor, exaggeration, irony and ridicule to reveal a character

Memoir: nonfiction narrative writing based in the author's personal memories

Caricature: exaggeration of a persons features in order to comment on them

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Satire is the usage of irony and other forms of exaggeration to ridicule an idea.

Memoir is an account written from personal knowledge

Caricature is when an art or text exaggerates certain features to obtain a comical or striking effect

Symmetry: When a text employs particular pattern and reflection of certain parts of the image or work in order to convey meaning

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The comic strip effectively utilizes satire to ridicule political tensions between the United States and Russia in order to point out how pointless the entire concept behind war is. This is similar to how the graphic novel achieves the same serious purpose in revealing a repressive society, although the main difference is that the comic does this somewhat lightheartedly, with characters designed to be funny and likable, whereas the graphic novel takes a more serious and bleak tone.

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Symmetry

An element in which both sides of an axis are arranged identically to draw focus.

Satire

A literary feature used to humour or exaggerate the context or issue.

Memoir

An account of a collection of memories written from personal knowledge and experiences.

Caricature

A rendered and exaggerated image of a character or figure for humorous effects.

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Symmetry: Correspondence/Similarity of features.

Satire: The use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize individuals, issues, politics, society etc.

Memoir:  A nonfictional narrative of the author's personal knowledge/memories.

Caricature: A rendered image with exaggerated, distinctive characteristics for comical or dramatic effect.

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The political cartoon uses satire in order to ridicule the arms race and build up of war between the US and the Soviet Union during the Cold War. This comes about through the author's use of caricature, where the US is made to look like a small soldier and the Soviet Union is the fearsome bear.

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Text 1.24 was able to use satire, similar to the graphic novel in text 1.23. First, both texts use humour as a feature to portray the context of the underlying issue. Text 1.24 emphasises the absurd nature of war and political tensions, while text 1.23 utilises satire to portray the issue of religious corruption. Furthermore, both texts use satire through the style of the comic strip/graphic novel. This does not only humour a complex issue but targets audiences of all ages.

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Symmetry: Uniformity in shape

Satire: Use of humor to expose a concept

Memoir: Historical account from personal knowledge

Caricature: Imitation of a person with out-of-proportion features.

# data[].attributes.body
symmetry: the mirroring or correspondence of visual features

satire: the use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity.

memoir: a historical account of biographical information written from personal knowledge.

caricature: a picture, description, or imitation of a person which exaggerates their character traits.

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the comic strip uses satire with the purpose of ridiculing the political tensions during the Cold War between the Soviet Union and United States. This is exemplified through the author's utilization of caricature, where both sides, as well as the concept of war as a whole, are made to seem pathetic as well as desultory.

# data[].attributes.body
Symmetry: A correspondence or similarity of features.

Satire: The use of humor, irony, ridicule or exaggeration to exploit the context or issue.

Memoir: An account of one's personal life or experiences.

Caricature: A picture, description or imitation of a character, often exaggerated for a humorous effect.

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a. Black and white color scheme, many young girls wearing veils.

b. The features which make this text a graphic novel include: speech bubbles, panels, captions and illustrations.

c. The author chose the medium and style, as the simplicity of the style juxtaposes the complexity of the issue and context. This style is also effective in conveying the message to a wider audience, as its simplicity is easy to understand.

d. the graphic novel will continue to showcase the oppression of many women during this time.

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The comic strip ‘Calvin and Hobbes’ heavily imploys satire to demonstrate the absurdity of war that rose from the tension between the United States and Russia in the late twentieth century. It does so through the implementation of the caricature, as the child is seen to want to represent the United States, and the tiger Russia, hence making the war between the two nations appear to be child-like, and as such, ridiculing it as a whole.

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Symmetry
Balanced proportions or similarities and correspondence between features.

Satire
The use of humour, irony, sarcasm,  and ridicule to expose or criticize foolishness and vices.

Memoir
A nonfiction narrative writing based in the author's personal knowledge and memories.

Caricature
A picture or imitation of a person exaggerating certain characteristics to create a comic effect.

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a) panels, black and white color scheme, sad faces
b) Panels, speech bubbles, and gutters make this text a graphic novel
c) I think the author chose this medium and style because of its simplicity and power. This specific style allows for visual representation and communication to a wider audience
d) The panels would most likely continue showcasing the oppressive nature of the regime against western values

# data[].attributes.body
Symmetry: Uniformity in shape
Satire: The use of humor, irony, ridicule or exaggeration to exploit the context or issue.
Memoir: A nonfiction narrative writing based in the author's personal knowledge and memories.
Caricature: Imitation of a person with out-of-proportion features.

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The style and structural features of this graphic novel capitalizes on the intended meaning which is how religious fundamentalism can lead to oppression. For instance, the author utilizes emanata in order to highlight the response of the women being directly impacted during the islamic revolution in 1979. This can be identified through the facial expressions of each female character as they all portray a mixture of anger, sadness and disappointment. This is effective as it deepens the viewers comprehension upon the emotional aspect of this issue and enables them to feel sympathy for the women being forced into this position. Therefore through the use of emanata the consequences of religious fundamentalism was emphasized.

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The comic strip titled 'Calvin and Hobbles' successfully employs satire in order to ridicule political tensions between the United States and Russia during the Cold War. This was highlighted through the authors utilization of caricature as the US was represented as a small soldier and the Soviet Union as the harmless tiger. The application of this was effective as it humors the concept of war and portrays it as pathetic.

# data[].attributes.body
Symmetry: Correspondence between different objects
Satire: Humour that ridicules individuals, corporations, government or society
Memoir: historical account written from personal knowledge
caricature: Exaggerated features to create a comic effect

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Calvin and Hobbes uses satire to ridicule the tension between the Soviet Union and the United States of America as being 'a stupid game' that is like child's play. The darts symbolise nuclear warheads. Both parties are shot, as seen in panel 7, which means a nuclear launch from one party coupled with a retaliatory strike by the other will just result in both parties losing. The author views the war as child's play and intends on spreading this message by choosing this particular medium and characterising the US as a child and the Soviet Union as an innocent looking tiger.

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Persepolis aims at communicating Satrapi’s central message of how religious fundamentalism can lead to oppression. This comes about through her use of black and white panels in order to direct the reader’s focus to the central message: people see the world in color and thus when that aspect is taken away, the reader would pause and look closely at the picture. To add to that, removing color helps the reader to focus on the emotional state, tone and mood that is conveyed in this graphic novel, which in this case is the oppression of the people and their loss of human liberties.

On the other hand, the author shows the girl sitting in similar positions in the opening panels in order to emphasize that the veil was used as a tool for social conformity rather than religion. It is aimed at young people in order to raise awareness and show the consequences that can come about as a result of fundamentalism and corruption that are hidden under the umbrella of religion.

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a. Black and white color scheme, women with negative facial expressions.
b. Panels are used to structure story, speech bubbles, captions, gutters, and messages represented through a visual form.
c. I believe this particular medium and style allows the author to convey their message in a clear and concise way. The minimalistic art style provides a central focus to the issue of female oppression as well as successfully communicating the historical struggle for women in Iran in the 1980s.
d. The graphic novel would most likely continue to show other aspects of their life impacted by female oppression. It would maybe even showcase the repercussions of the revolution and its influence of the female youth.

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Symmetry – balanced proportions and similarity between features.
Satire – the use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to criticize.
Memoir – a historical account written from personal knowledge.
Caricature – Exaggerated characteristics in order to create a comic or grotesque effect.

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Text 1.24, a Calvin and Hobbes comic strip, utilizes satire as a means to ridicule the political relationship of the Soviet Union and the U.S. during the Cold War. This is portrayed through the effective use of caricature and symbolism. For example, the U.S. is depicted as a child, small and unthreatening in its cartoon appearance, yet remains adult-like in dialogue. The Soviet Union is represented as a tiger, an animal known for its strength and infliction of pain/harm. However, the tiger’s caricatural features are ironically drawn as innocent and unintimidating. The toy darts, alongside the meek emanata, represent the political tension and retaliation within their war. This is a humorous representation of the battle being seen as childish and nonsensical, thus being worthy of ridicule.

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Satrapi’s use of style and structural features in Persepolis convey the consequences of fundamentalism, as well as the religious oppression enforced upon the population of Iran’s women in the 1980s. For example, this can be identified in the author’s use of a black & white cartoon and minimalistic style. The lack of color is representative of the graphic novel’s tone. The removal of color centers the reader’s focus on the emotion being conveyed. This is achieved through the absence of bright and distracting, typically positive, colors, and instead utilizing black & white to  depict a sense of dullness and misery. As well as this, the style of artwork visually provides an immediate central focus towards the oppression of women and totalitarianism. The style is simplistic in nature which allows the author’s message to be conveyed succinctly, and is easily understandable by all readers.

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The Calvin and Hobbes comic strip effectively uses satire to criticize the absurd, impractical and pointless nature of war. Through the metaphorical scenario, the author targets and ridicules the very basis of war as well as countries that get involved in it (specifically the U.S. with the Soviet Union during the Cold War.) The text also uses symmetry to create a visually appealing and easy-to-follow storyline. The comic strip features illustrations of cartoon characters that symbolise countries at war, demonstrating the childishness of such conflicts as the social impact. The powerful dialogue between the characters adds to the satire of the scenario like the child realising the stupidity of the ‘game’ jabs at how adults with authority fail to do so.