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1. The atom is the smallest unit that defines the chemical elements and their isotopes.

2. Every material object, or substance that can be touched and felt, is made up of atoms.

3. Everything that is solid, liquid, or gas is made up of atoms.

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Resistance to flow- Ex Syrup is more viscous than water.

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After many scientists' experiments, it has been concluded that the atom is made from "subatomic particles"

Protons- Has a positive charge with a mass of 1 and is located in the nucleus

Neutrons- Neutral particles wth a mass of 1 ans is also located inn the nucleus

Electrons- Have a negative charge with a mass of 1/2000 of a proton, and travels around the nucleus in orbits.

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Ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent such

water.

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The elements are arranged according to their atomic number.

a pattern can be seen in which simular propertys.

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The solid forms of many minerals

in which you can see a definite structure of

cubes or blocks with a regular pattern.

Ex. Salt - is tiny cubes.

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The temperature at which substances change

state. Ex. Water- Ice: 0 Degrees Celsius.

Water- Steam: 100 Degrees Celsius.

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The ability of a solid to be pulled in wires.

Ex. Copper is ductile because it can be placed

into wires.

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The ability of a solid to be hammered

or bent into different shapes. Ex. Gold is

very malleable because it can bent of hammered

into different shapes.

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Search for Knowledge: A process called the Scientific Method

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Search for Knowledge: A process called the Scientific Method

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The Body Of Knowledge: Facts, Laws, Theories etc.

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The Body Of Knowledge: Facts, Laws, Theories etc.

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Electrons move around the nucleus

each Electron in an orbit has a name that defines an amount of energy.

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Measure of the resistance of a solid

to being scratched or dented. EX. Diamonds

are hard.

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Contains at least 2 types of pure substances

Ex. Saltwater contains salt and water(2 pure substances)

Types of Mixtures:

Solutions- When 2 substances are mixed together very well so that it is all one material.

Ex. Coffee is a mixture of coffee beans, milk, water, and sugar, but it all looks the same.

Heterogeneous Mixtures- When 2 substances are mixed together unevenly so you can see the different parts

Ex. When oil and water are mixed together, the 2 substances can be easily visible.

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A characteristics of a substance that may help identify it.

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The behavior of a substance as it becomes

a new substance/ under grows chemical change.

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Contains only one type of particle

Ex. Aluminium foil contains only aluminium particles

Types of Pure Substances:

Elements- are pure substances that cannot be broken down into into smaller substances

Ex. Oxygen is an element

Atoms- a particle in an element

Ex. Hydrogen particle

Compounds- are pure substances that contain 2 or more different elements

Ex. Water is made from hydrogen and oxygen particles

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Amount of matter per unit volume of that matter.

Ex Steel id dense, feathers are not.

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