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Fact #1: The capital of Egypt was Memphis.

Fact #2: The royal tombs were at Abydos and Saqqara.

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The first king of Egypt

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Fact #1: The king was powerful enough to mobilize most of the people to move to Giza.

Fact #2: King Djoser had his architect design a massive stepped monument.

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- His giant stepped monument

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Fact #1: Pharaohs built fortresses to strengthen their borders and keep out invaders.

Fact #2: Rulers had less power and had less wealth due to the war.

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Fact #1: Egypt used foreign allies as buffer states to guard against invasion.

Fact #2: Some of the buffer states never realized the Egyptians were using them.

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Fact #1: The Assyrians invaded Egypt in 663 BCE.

Fact #2: The Persians occupied Egypt until Alexander the Great arrived in 332 BCE.

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Fact 1: The Greek army of Alexander the Great occupied Egypt in 332 BCE.

Fact 2: Alexander declared himself pharaoh