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Chapter 3: Creation Of the Constitution 

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Chapter 3: Creation Of the Constitution 

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The Constitution was created at the Constitutional convention in 1787, effectively overthrowing the Articles of Confederation and served as the blueprint for the new nation, The United States of America.This establishing document was based on the principles of divided government, checks and balances, and constant improvement. It provides the framework for the entirety of U.S. History.

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The Judiciary Act made federal courts, including the Supreme Court. Alexander Hamilton proposed an idea of a bank, but didn’t seem to happen. The Louisiana purchase double the land for settlers to come to America. Americans got mad at the British so we fought the Battle of New Orleans which led to an American Victory.
With the Judiciary act  the Supreme Court was made so laws an be established thought the U.S. The Louisiana purchase which led settlers come to America and pursue the idea of the American dream. The war of 1812 ended with the Treaty of Ghent where no one really got what they want, but increased U.S. prestige in the world.

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The second bank of the United States was made in 1816! Construction of roads, canals, and railroads was widespread. The south depended on farming and slave labor. Cotton became the largest cash group of the south. With the second bank made more money would be able to be saved and withdrawn with ease. With the construction of roads and railroads, large cities evolved with the early industry, a working class developed. The south depended on slaves as it started to rise. Leading to a large mass of slavery the rich white men had slaves farm cotton for them.

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Andrew Jackson was elected president in 1828, during this South Carolina wanted to secede the union. Millions of immigrants arrived in the United States, most German and Irish, most faced hostility. Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Candy Stanton organized the first women’s rights movement. The Abolitionists wanted an end to slavery, thinking gradualism would help end slavery. With the election of Andrew Jackson, South Carolina tried to avoid the tariffs and secede the union but didn’t really work. With more and more immigrants coming from different cultures different religions started to be practiced. With more educational opportunities being improved women took action and wanted equal rights. As slavery was on the rise in the south, the north and south thought it wa best to divide.

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Many American believed in the concept of “Manifest Destiny. In 1821 Mexico won Independence. Empresario Austin settled hundreds of families in Texas. Polk and Clay were divided on annexation of Texas and Oregon. Squatters settles land they didn't own, which led to the Preemption Act of 1830. Trade between California and Mexico increased after independence from Spain, William Becknell then opened the Santa Fe trail in 1821. After growing distrust, Mexico closed its border to Americans and taxed imported goods, leading top Texas organizing its own government in 1833. In 1845 Texas joined the United States, in 1846 the U.S. then declared war on Mexico and the Oregon Treaty was discussed.

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Chapter 8: Sectional Conflict Intensifies

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Chapter 8: Sectional Conflict Intensifies

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Disagreement continues over the legality, morality and politics of slavery. The Republican Party was formed by anti slavery Whigs, Democrats, Free-Soilers and members of several other groups. Abraham Lincoln was elected president in the election of 1860. The Wilmot Proviso proposed banning slavery in territories other than Mexico, many people believed in popular sovereignty. In an 1858 senate race, Lincoln and Douglas took part in a series of debates about slavery, many southern were convinced that secession was necessary to keep the south safe. A debate over slavery in the western territories split the Democratic Party, South Carolina followed by several other states seceded form the union.

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Starting April 12th, 1861 and ending may 9th, 1865, the civil war was the only war fought on United States Soil. The war was fought against the North(Union) and the South(Confederacy). The North had a very strong economy, more people, and a better infrastructure. The south was deep in debt and had much less people. General Robert E. Lee withdrew from the north to be a general of the confederate army. Although the South fought for 5 years, ultimately they were beat by the North. With the victory became the Emancipation Proclamation

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1865-1872. After the war, the South's economy was on the edge of crashing. During the time, the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments were passed. Southern states imposed "black codes" to separate the blacks and whites. All there southern states joined the union and were now under Republican control. During this time the Morehouse college was formed.

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1865-1890. The gold rush drew many people out west. The rush to the west created many changes and adaptations in the united states, from cross country railroads to massive population increases. At the same time, farming became a very big thing due to new practices and advancement in farm equipment. With the boom in the farming industry, came conflicts with native americans in a brutal fight for land.

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1865-1901. Due to the abundance of natural resources, tariffs, and cheap immigrant labor the United States started producing their own supplies. Many industries had a economic "boom" such as the railroad industry and power industry. The first transcontinental railroad was built in 1869. As the industrialization process sped up, labor unions formed. The unions fought for better pay and workers rights.

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1865-1869. As a lump sum amount of industrial jobs came about, europeans were flocking to the united states to join the workforce. The negative impact of this whole ordeal, was the birth of prejudices. Along with immigrants coming to work at the factories and plants, many people flocked to the cities to join the workforce, creating many large cities. Social Darwinism was born during this time, creating a very competitive society that constantly fought to be the best.

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1872-1972. After becoming a very powerful economy, the united states needed new routes of trade to sell the goods they produced. This created the need for foreign markets and a powerful naval fleet to help enforce the trade. America declared war on spain to help support cuban rebels. After winning the Spanish-American war the united states gained Puerto Rico, Guam, and the philippines. In addition, the united states gained Hawaii and rapidly grew in size and numbers.

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1890-1920. Progressivism started off of the beliefs that science and more regulation would create the advancement in society. The movement brought a much different viewpoint on social welfare. With the thought of social welfare, many rules were put in place for safety in the industrial areas of the workforce. President Roosevelt put many of these calls of reform into action creating the "Square Deal". As a very important result of progressivism, the federal reserve system was created.

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The war started when archduke was assassinated. America became anti Germans and joined the allies. Germany strikes back and joined up with Mexico. This war was the first major battle that used tanks, aircrafts, and poison gas. This war had a lot if impact due to major economic problems and social tensions rose. The communists took control of Russia and strikes a deal with Germany. This was at the time the biggest war in history and caused a lot of economic problems which ultimately led to the Great Depression in the United States. The world was full of tension after that war for years coming and there were threats of bombings all around.

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WW1 allowed for African Americans to enter American politics. The politics at this time was strictly white wealthy men. In 1928 the first black representative in congress which was a huge step in their journey for equality. The NAACP was fighting for integration and improvement in the economic and political position for African Americans other groups began to emphasize black nationalism and black pride. This movement played a big role in the steps to become a equal for all country and allow African Americans to live like the rest of the country and be seen as an equal

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Chapter 18: The Great Depression Begins 

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Chapter 18: The Great Depression Begins 

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The economic collapse began in 1929. The bull market of the 1920s convinced many Americans to invest and in a year nearly 10% of households held stocks. This made it easy for Americans to make money until the stock market crashed. In 1929 it had plunged and people had to pay back all the money they were loaned to buy the stocks. Shortly after banks began to close so every one who had money in that bank lost all of their savings. The work force was ruined by the amount of people needing jobs so 5% of all Americans made up about 30% of the countries moneys. The dust bowl is another reason for economic downfall. The dust bowl was a drought that struck the Great Plains in the 1920s which led the fields bare after farmers plated extra crops due to the rise of the economy and making much more money. Due to the amount of depression people suffered they were begging for an escape which led to movies and radio programs increasing highly due to people looking for cheap entertainment

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The Great Depression caused millions to lose their jobs,savings and their homes. Franklin d Roosevelt offered hope and relief in the election for presidency in 1932. In his first 100 days in office he sent a bill to congress known as the new deal. It was full of ways to rejuvenate the economy and prevent another one from reoccurring. Within his first week he passed the emergency banking relief act which made it safe and reliable to keep your money in the banks again. The next act was the agricultural adjustment act. This allowed the government to pay farmers not to raise certain livestock, grow certain crops and produce dairy products. These acts franklin Roosevelt is ultimately what got the United States out of an economic nightmare

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After Japanese forces attacked American forces at Pearl Harbor thousands of men and women volunteered to serve in the US military. With the declaration of war American soldiers were thrown into a fight to the death between fascism and democracy. WW2 began started when hitler began to defy the treaty of Versailles which ended the previous world war. Germany would go on to invade many of the countries around them to achieve power and ultimately run the world. America started off as a neutral country in the war but when japan attacked Pearl Harbor it caused them to join the war. Germany and Italy declared war on the United States. This war was important because millions of Jews,gypsies and other minorities died in Germany and hitlers reign of power began to overthrow smaller countries and used concentration camps there for slave labor of the captured Jews and others in and around germany

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During ww2 millions of Americans enlisted in the armed forces risking their lives in the struggle. On the home front Americans also helped the war effort by giving up goods needed by the military and by buying war bonds, Americans sacrificed so much in ww2 in hopes of achieving a better future