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A thriving society with great yet cruel leaders.

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The civilization which valued agriculture and the abundance of harvest. Their settlement was cause by agriculture that was largely developed due to the civilization's irrigation system.

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This  is what made Sumerian Civilization notable for other civilizations. It had set a standard for thriving civilizations. The following are the mentioned characteristics:
1. Advanced Cities
2. Specialized Workers
3. Complex Institutions
4. Record Keeping
5. Improved Technology

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Sumer's city-states such as Ur, Uruk, Lagash, Umma and Kish.
Ur is said to be the walled temple with a ziggurat in  the middle.
Such cities has irrigation systems that paved way to an abundant harvest in agriculture. People are no longer nomadic and they started to settle since planting and harvesting can be done.

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Farmers are the main source of good and food in the civilization it is also mentioned that they use the ziggurat for storage of agricultural products.
Priests, temple priests are considered as government leaders apart from the great and cruel Kings in each empires.

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* The ziggurat that serves as not just a temple for worship of people to Gods and Goddesses but also a storage of agricultural products. This also serves as a city hall.
* The Babylonian's Hanging garden which served as a beautiful scenery gifted by Nebuchadnezzar II to his lovely wife.
* The Library of Nineveh from the Assyrian empire which was established by King Ashurbanipal for his people although he is illiterate, he wanted to give and allow his people to be packed with knowledge.

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They say, the existence of a certain civilization or a place proves its real existence through written records. If there's someone or something that was written about it, then it did existed.
* Cuneiform as a system of writing were used to write and keep records of the civilization on clay tablets using the stylus- a wedge like sharp tool for the benefit of writing.
*  Epic of Gilgamesh as stated as the longest epic poem in the civilization that was written. This signifies and exposes the adventures as well as the struggle and heroism of Gilgamesh.
* Book found in the library of Nineveh, written on a clay tablet signifies the existence of King Ashurbanipal's library or the Library of Nineveh.

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Cotterell, Arthur (2011). Asia: A Concise History. John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte. Ltd.
Rhoads Murphey, K.S.(2014)A History of Asia(7th ed).New York, United States of America, Routledge
World History, Patterns of Interaction. McDougal Littel of Houghton Mlfflin Company.

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Their agriculture became more bountiful when irrigation systems are made for easier watering of the plains they are farming.
They also introduced themselves to plowing so that the soil will be cultivated and easier to plant.
The record keeping also in the form of writing became an improved technology since they are able to keep it in libraries like the library at Nineveh and not just store somewhere out.

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Noreeze Angela H. Soleta
Florinna M. Casim
Jean Nica F. Delos Santos
Remma Mantal

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Development of Mesopotamian Civilization. Retrieved on February 16, 2022. https://www.britannica.com/place/Umma
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Sumerian City Uruk. Retrieved on February 16, 2022. https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Anu-district-Phase-E-of-Uruk-III-Sumerian-city-Uruk-Photo-Project-SAHI-Tell-Jokha_fig13_326752819

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Winged Bull with a Human Head. Retrieved on February 16, 2022. https://www.britannica.com/summary/Mesopotamia-historical-region-Asia

Ziggurat. Retrieved on February 16, 2022. https://www.thoughtco.com/ziggurat-ancient-towering-temples-or-ziggurats-116908