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Research Topic: The Impact of Supply Chain Management Practices on Firm Performance: Evidence from 3PL Industry

1.1 Introduction
Due to the increasing competition in the business world, companies not only have to produce higher quality products and services but also have to manage an efficient supply chain. To remain competitive, companies have to recognize the importance of the supply chain management practices on the firm's performance. The three supply chain management that are deemed important are Supplier Partnership, Customer Relationship and Information Sharing.

1.2 Purpose Statement: The purpose of this research is to study the impact of Supply Chain Management Practices on Firm Performance with evidence from 3PL Industry.

1.3 Problem Statement:
- There is a lack of effective communication between supply chain partners so information is not shared properly.
- Some companies in the 3PL industry lack collaboration with suppliers.
- 3PL companies are finding it difficult to maintain a good customer relationship due to failing to meet customers requirements fast.

1.4 Research Questions
a) What are the positive and the negative impact of Supply Chain Management Practices on Firm Performance?
b) What are the solutions to overcome the negative impact of supply chain management practices?

1.5 Research Objectives
- To identify the impact of Supply Chain Management Practices on Firm Performance.
- To examine why the problems exist
- To find solutions to the existing problems

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Research Topic: Measuring the effectiveness of Online Advertisement factors towards customer repurchase intention in e-commerce platform: Malaysian Perspective

1.1 Introduction

In this era of globalization, digital technologies have evolved into a wide global marketplace for product and service commercial transactions. With the advancement of the internet, the trend of e-commerce has risen significantly in recent years. Furthermore, by using the internet as a key medium, numerous online retailers have been provided a variety of advertisements on their online business platforms to attract customers’ attention and their repurchase intention.

1.2 Purpose Statement

Purpose of this research is to measure the effectiveness of online advertisement factors towards customers repurchase intention in ecommerce - Malaysian perspective by applying Theory Planned Behavior (TPB).

1.3 Problem Statement

The study aims to contribute literature to the current topic of research and to provide a thorough understanding of the effectiveness of online advertisement towards customers’ purchase intention while evaluating the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to further explore the factors of attitude, subjective norm, and perceived control behavior with the mediating effect of customer satisfaction on customers’ repurchase intention in e-commerce.

1.4 Research Question

Does attitude influence the customer repurchase intention?

Does subjective norm influence the customer repurchase intention?

Does perceived control behavior influence the customer repurchase intention?

Does the mediating effect of customer satisfaction influence the customer repurchase intention?
1.5 Research Objectives

To examine the relationship between attitude and customer repurchase intention with the mediating effect of customer satisfaction.

To examine the relationship between subject norm and customer repurchase intention with the mediating effect of customer satisfaction.

To examine the relationship between perceived control behavior and customer repurchase intention with the mediating effect of customer satisfaction.

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Research Topic: Measuring the influencing factors of consumer choice behavior towards the purchase intention of sports shoe brand: Evidence from Malaysia

1.1 Introduction
1.2 Purpose statement
1.3 Problem statement

According to Chuan et al. (2020), there are 88% suffer from foot pronation and supination while there are 90% of adults suffer from leg length inequality.

This leads Malaysian consumers to change their purchase intention of sports shoe brands where they have no choice but to pick from brands that focus on ergonomics and provide comfort.

1.4 Research questions
Q1. What are the factors influencing the Malaysian consumer purchase intention of sports shoe brands?
Q2. How the influencing factors affect the purchase intention of Malaysian consumers in the sports shoe industry?

1.5 Research objectives
1. To identify the factors that influence the Malaysian consumer purchase intention of the sports shoe brand.
2. To measure how the influencing factors affect the Malaysian consumer purchase intention of sports shoe brands.
3. To develop the influencing factors of consumer choice behavior towards purchase intention in the context of Malaysia sports shoe brands.

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Research Topic: Exploring how Covid-19 pandemic affects joint venture potentials in the logistics industry: Malaysia experience.

1.1 Introduction
1.2 Purpose Statement
The purpose is this study is to explore how covid-19 affected the joint venture potentials especially in the logistic industry.
1.3 Problem Statement
The Covid-19 epidemic hit various nations across the world in the first months of 2020, including Malaysia. In results, many joint venture potentials face imminent liquidity challenges, as revenue sources dry up and operating expenses pile up.
This wide-reaching impact has affected the joint venture potentials especially in the logistic industry.
1.4 Research Questions
Q1: How does joint venture potential react to the governance issue during the covid-19 pandemic?

Q2: How does liquidity challenge affects on profitability of the industry?

1.5 Research Objectives

1. To identify the solution to overcome difficulties faced by joint ventures.

2. To troubleshoot the liquidity challenges and analyze the effectiveness of liquidity risk management.

3. To analyse how the pandemic had affected joint ventures in the market.

4. To identify the decision made by the industry in order to combat the challenges.

5. To examine the policies impact on the industry.

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Research Topic: The Role of Supply Chain partners in the implementation of Green Supply Chain Management practices for Malaysian SMEs Service Sector.
1.1 Introduction
SME's around the world have been implementing their own personalised supply chain management and practices to gain various advantages and benefits. However, this current era of efficiency and sustainability has pushed SME's to pursue green supply chain management as well.

1.2 Purpose statement
The purpose of this study is to analyse the result of close collaboration between the supplier and the SME, on the overall performance of green supply chain management in the case of non-manufacturing firms using stakeholder theory.

1.3 Problem statement

Malaysian firms have insufficient knowledge about green supply chain management (.rahman et. al. 2011) Role of SMEs in Malaysia is high (kassim & sulaiman, 2011).

A thorough literature review suggested that the number of studies done on non-manufacturing SMEs in Malaysia is insufficient, given that they are a huge portion of the economy at 85.5% (Smecorp, 2020). Most literature focus on the ISO41000, and there is a need to bridge this gap.

1.4 Research Questions

1. Does a close relationship between SME and supplier result in the successful implementation of green supply chain practices?

2. Does a close supplier relationship

1.5 Research Objectives

1. To identify the variables which negatively affect the implementation of green supply chain management.

2. To identify the variables which strengthen the implementation.

3. To understand the current state of the non-manufacturing SME in malaysia in terms of green supply chain management.

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This chapter introduces research background, problems/issues to be researched and indicates its importance of the concepts and validity. It sets forth the context, the research questions, research objectives and the research scope & significance.

1.1 Introduction
1.2 Purpose statement

1.3 Problem Statement

1.4 Research Questions

1.5 Research Objectives

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Research Topic: The impact of COVID-19 disruptions on logistics firm performance

1.1 Introduction
The covid-19 pandemic has deeply influenced the economy of different sectors (Voss et al. 2020). It has impacted the operational growth and process of the international market. It has also affected the logistics sector and the performance of that sector in the international market. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, the logistic firms have to abide by the protocols. The logistic firms cannot work with all the manpower as they have to maintain the social distance. The logistic firms deal with the shipping and transportation of goods. Hence, they need a huge amount of manpower for operating the shipping and transportation services. Despite having demands in the market, the logistic firms can hardly provide adequate services.  In Europe, almost 49% of companies have appealed for loans to maintain the economy
1.2 Purpose statement
The research has been conducted to find out the key problems in the logistics firms due to the covid 19 pandemic. It shows how the pandemic situation has compelled several companies to work with very few workers

1.3 Problem Statement

The Covid-19 pandemic has affected the efficiency of the logistics firms, and it has also impacted the business operation of the same firm

Difficult to manage the human resources in the firms during the Covid-19 pandemic. The logistics firms cannot work with full force due to the pandemic protocols and regulations. It has affected both the domestic and international markets

Consumers have shifted to online shopping  has created huge pressure on supply chain management

Logistics firms have faced two major problems such as manpower shortage and economic crisis.

1.4 Research Questions

What are the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the performance of the logistics firms in Malaysia?

How does COVID-19 pandemic impact the performance of logistics firms in Malaysia?

1.5 Research Objectives

To identify the problems and impacts of the covid-19 pandemic on different aspects of logistics firms

To measure the impact the problems and impacts of the covid-19 pandemic on different aspects of logistics firms

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Research Topic: The impact of customer reviews towards an online shopping purchase intention: Evidence from Malaysian younger generation

1.1 Research Background

●      Because of the emergence of the internet, e-commerce has grown widespread in today's era of modern-day globalization. People are becoming increasingly acclimated to online shopping, and they prefer to purchase the commodities and services that they desire online.

●      According to a report, 74.8 per cent of netizens utilise online shopping as a form of daily consumption, with the majority being younger and middle-aged consumers.

●      Customer feedback, often known as buyer reviews, is a significant tool to influence customer purchasing intentions because the majority of consumers will read the reviews of their desired product before making a purchase.

●      As a result, online comments can be a potential source of information for predicting online purchasing behaviour.

1.2 Purpose Statement

The purpose of this study is to test the impact of customer reviews on online shopping purchase decisions in the Malaysian younger generation.

1.3 Problem Statement

●      According to a survey, 93% of consumers read the product reviews before making an online purchase (Kaemingk, 2020).

●      The aim of this study is to provide an in-depth understanding of the factors of customer reviews towards younger generation customers purchase decisions while evaluating the SOR theory.

1.4 Research Question

●      Does the characteristic of customer review influence the younger generation customers purchase decisions?

●      Does the quality of customer review influence the younger generation customers purchase decisions?

●      Does the quantity of customer review influence the younger generation customers purchase decisions?

●      Does the credibility of customer review influence the younger generation customers purchase decisions?

1.5 Research Objectives

●      To examine the relationship between the characteristics of customer review and younger generation customers purchase intention.

●      To examine the relationship between the quality of customer review and younger generation customers purchase intention.

●      To examine the relationship between the quantity of customer review and younger generation customers purchase intention.

●      To examine the relationship between the credibility of customer review and younger generation customers purchase intention.

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Research Topic: Measuring impacts of Covid-19 on the outbound logistic activities in the Malaysian retail business.

1.1 Introduction
As the impact of Covid-19 deepened in Malaysia, the retail outbound logistics activities in Malaysia were also affected accordingly. Under the impact of Covid-19, the global logistics (especially the maritime transport) has been affected by the plummeting transportation capacity, there is a serious shortage of spare containers and new containers need to be produced continuously, the port has also caused a serious backlog of containers due to the accumulation of vessels, and the speed of customs clearance has been reduced due to the lack of manpower, which has led to a vicious circle, and the transportation companies have to double the transportation cost due to the shortage of shipping time. increase transportation costs. All these problems will seriously affect Malaysia's export-oriented retail industry.

At the same time, Malaysia's domestic production schedule is not fixed due to the ever-changing MCOs and SOPs, thus making it impossible to guarantee the timeliness of product production. Because of the increasing cost of international shipping, factories and enterprises need to book ship space in advance, and factories that cannot guarantee the timeliness will have to spend more on transportation costs, which will also cause an increase in costs, and to a certain extent will also hinder investor confidence and long-term investment plans of distributors and retailers. Other than that, many countries have also tightened their borders towards ships and airplanes that are going in so it slows down the whole operation. It is a fatal problem in logistics because logistics is all about time and costs.

1.2 Discussion of problem
As the impact of Covid-19 on our lives deepens, all three modes of transportation, land, sea and air, have been affected to varying degrees, and people's lifestyles have changed as well. People used to go to offline brick-and-mortar stores to select and buy goods, but now they are more accustomed to buying goods online and having them delivered to their homes by courier, and the development of enterprises has changed from increasing the number of stores to expanding the influence and traffic of online stores. Logistics companies are also evaluating and strategizing about their operation more in the digital field. The increase in the flow of goods also requires an increase in the production speed of raw materials. However, due to supply chain blockage, the production and processing speed of goods are reduced to different degrees. Therefore, we will study three questions: what are all the effects of Covid on logistics; what are the factors of Covid-19 that affect outbound logistics; and how Covid-19 affects the retail industry.

1.3 Problem Statement

With the hit of the covid-19 pandemic on all fronts, the retail businesses is one of the main industries that was heavily and directly impacted due to panic purchasing, closure of stores as well as all sorts of product shortages (Brandtner, 2021). When retail businesses do not receive enough or on time supplies, it can be directly related to the start of decrease in satisfaction levels (Brandtner, 2021). Since the start of the lockdown, distributors have had a tough time getting products to retailers as the government has set rules on reduced physical work capacity at the workplace, constantly changing SOPs as well as new government regulations on working hours. Not only are retail businesses constantly being closed and opened up depending on how severe the situation is in Malaysia, distributors have a tough time signing agreements/deals with retailers as there is a high risk of losing opportunity cost. The lockdown in Malaysia also restricted the movement of distributors. Thus, distributors will take a longer time to deliver goods.Moreover, many industries such as trading and tourism rely heavily on transportation connections. These connections include the movement of products, integration and competitiveness in different markets (Wuest et al., 2020).
This is a real problem for both the distributors and retailers. According to a research by Search Engine Journal, sales of basic consumer goods went up by 53% in the United states. However, due to the lack of supply by retail businesses, the sales of retailers dropped by 8.7 % (Xu, 2020). Due to the uncertainty of the pandemic, it is difficult for retailers to plan a long term investment. Any form of branching out or expansion by retailers had to be put at a hault due to the impacts of covid 19 forcing them to shut down from time to time or even limiting the customers occupancy on a daily basis hence leading to lower turnover and lower profits.

1.4 Research Question
1.  What covid-19 factors have impacted the outbound logistics activities?

2.  How do these factors bring impact to the outbound logistic activities in the Malaysian retail business industry?

1.5 Research Objective

1. To measure how these covid 19 factors affect outbound logistics in Malaysian retail businesses industry.

2. To develop a model based on covid 19 outbound logistics.

1.5  Significance of the study

This study is extremely important to the Malaysian retail business because it allows them to measure the impacts of Covid-19 on the outbound logistic activities in retail businesses. Logistic distributors will have to increase their efficiency and effectiveness in order to maintain competitive advantages among logistic competitors in the industry. For example, delivering the goods in the shortest time period and maintaining perfect condition for the goods.

The development and integration of outbound logistics are rapidly improving. Thus, distributors and retail businesses can understand the flow of outbound logistics better in this pandemic and help them to distribute their goods more efficiently.

With only a limited study on the outbound logistic activities in Malaysian retail business, this study will elaborate and discuss further on how covid-19 affects the outbound logistics. We will implement the Time-Based Competition (TBC) theory in this study because this theory can help to improve time management and gain competitive advantage. According to Sapkauskiene & Leitoniene (2010), TBC theory helps companies to eliminate non-value added activities, shorten time frames and improve efficiency.