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0.1 - Introduction to Environmental Science

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Monday - 9:45am
Tuesday - 11:35am
Wednesday - 2:05pm
Thursday - 7:55am
Friday - 2:05pm

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Zoom is the leader in modern enterprise video communications, with an easy, reliable cloud platform for video and audio conferencing, chat, and webinars across mobile, desktop, and room systems. Zoom Rooms is the original software-based conference room solution used around the world in board, conference, huddle, and training rooms, as well as executive offices and classrooms. Founded in 2011, Zoom helps businesses and organizations bring their teams together in a frictionless environment to get more done.

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With Mote, easily add voice comments and audio content to documents, assignments, emails and forms.

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0.1 - Introduction to Environmental Science

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0.1 - Introduction to Environmental Science

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How many planets does it take to sustain your lifestyle?

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What is your Ecological Footprint? How many planets does it take to support your lifestyle? Take this free quiz to find out!

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Ecosystems
Biodiversity
Populations
Soil

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1.1 - Ecosystem Ecology
1.2 - Biogeochemical Cycles
1.3 - Energy Flow in Ecosystems

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Intro video to accompany the student worksheet.

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Seed Dispersal and Habitat Fragmentation | HHMI BioInteractive Video

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Slides

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Analyzing Patterns in the Savanna Landscape | HHMI BioInteractive Video

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Media Credits

The audio, illustrations, photos, and videos are credited beneath the media asset, except for promotional images, which generally link to another page that contains the media credit. The Rights Holder for media is the person or group credited.

Last Updated

Dec. 11, 2019

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Media Credits The audio, illustrations, photos, and videos are credited beneath the media asset, except for promotional images, which generally link to another page that contains the media credit. The Rights Holder for media is the person or group credited. Last Updated Dec. 11, 2019

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2.1 - Ecosystem Diversity
2.2 - Natural Ecosystem Change

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Slides

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009 - Ecosystem Diversity In this video Paul Andersen explains how biodiversity can be measured through genetic, species, or ecosystem variety on the planet. Species diversity is increased through speciation and decrease through extinction. The mechanism for speciation is evolution through natural selection. The planet provides ecosystem services at no cost to humanity.

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Surveying Gorongosa's Biodiversity | HHMI BioInteractive Video

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The Center of Life:  Raja Amphat
Highest biodiversity of any place on Earth

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Learn about the animals and people of the Coral Triangle, as well as the threats it faces, what WWF is doing, and how you can help.

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Do ladybugs eat ants when ants and ladybugs clash?

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3.1 - Population Ecology
3.2 - Human Population Dynamics and Size
3.3 - Human Population Impacts

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Logistic Growth

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3.2 - Human Population Dynamics and Size

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3.2 - Human Population Dynamics and Size

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014 - Human Population Size In this video Paul Andersen explains how the world population has undergone exponential growth since the industrial revolution. Predicting the future world population is difficult because each country will grow at different rates. Age-structure diagrams and the demographic transition model can allow countries to plan for future growth.

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Improved Data of World Life Expectancies

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Flagge Der Islamischen Republik Afghanistan.

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Answer: RNI (US) = .5% 013 - Human Population Dynamics In this video Paul Andersen explores population dynamics of the human population. The population has show exponential growth since the industrial revolution and all countries will eventually move through the demographic transition.

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World Population: Past, Present, and Future

(move and expand the bar at the bottom of the chart to navigate through time)

The chart above illustrates how world population has changed throughout history. View the full tabulated data.

At the dawn of agriculture, about 8000 B.C., the population of the world was approximately 5 million. Over the 8,000-year period up to 1 A.D. it grew to 200 million (some estimate 300 million or even 600, suggesting how imprecise population estimates of early historical periods can be), with a growth rate of under 0.05% per year.

A tremendous change occurred with the industrial revolution: whereas it had taken all of human history until around 1800 for world population to reach one billion, the second billion was achieved in only 130 years (1930), the third billion in 30 years (1960), the fourth billion in 15 years (1974), and the fifth billion in only 13 years (1987).

During the 20th century alone, the population in the world has grown from 1.65 billion to 6 billion.

In 1970, there were roughly half as many people in the world as there are now.

Because of declining growth rates, it will now take over 200 years to double again.

Wonder how big was the world's population when you were born?
Check out this simple wizard or this more elaborated one to find out.

Growth Rate

Population in the world is growing at a rate of around 0.91% per year in 2024 (up from 0.88% in 2023, and down from 0.98% in 2020, and 1.06% in 2019). The current population increase is estimated at around 73 million people per year.

Annual growth rate reached its peak in the late 1960s, when it was at around 2%. The rate of increase has nearly halved since then, and will continue to decline in the coming years.

World population will therefore continue to grow in the 21st century, but at a much slower rate compared to the recent past. World population has doubled (100% increase) in 40 years from 1959 (3 billion) to 1999 (6 billion). It is now estimated that it will increase by 50% in the subsequent 40 years, to reach 9 billion by 2037.

The latest world population projections indicate that world population will reach 10 billion persons in the year 2057 and 10.4 billion in 2100.

World Population (2024 and historical)
View the complete population historical table
World Population Forecast (2025-2050)
View population projections for all years (up to 2100)
World Population Milestones

10 Billion (2058)

The United Nations projects world population will reach 10 billion in the year 2058.

9 Billion (2037)

World population is expected to reach 9 billion in the year 2037.

8.1 Billion (current)

The current world population is 8,109,479,367 as of Thursday, May 16, 2024 according to the most recent United Nations estimates elaborated by Worldometer. The term "World Population" refers to the human population (the total number of humans currently living) of the world.

8 Billion (2022)

World population has reached 8 billion people on November 15, 2022 according to the United Nations. The U.S. Census Bureau International Database (IDB) estimates instead that the world population hit 8 billion on September 26, 2023. In their note, they added: " Emphasis on the word estimates. There are many sources of uncertainty in estimating the global population, and it's unlikely this population milestone was reached on that exact date" [ source]

7 Billion (2010)

According to the latest revision by the United Nations (released in 2022), world population reached 7 Billion in late 2010 (after being previously estimated as occurring on October 31, 2011). The U.S. Census Bureau made a different estimate, for which the 7 billion mark was reached on March 12, 2012.

6 Billion (1998)

According to the latest revision by the United Nations (released in 2022), the 6 billion figure was reached towards the end of 1998 (this was previously estimated as occurring on October 12, 1999, celebrated as the Day of 6 Billion). According to the U.S. Census Bureau instead, the six billion milestone was reached on July 22, 1999, at about 3:49 AM GMT. Yet, according to the U.S. Census Bureau, the date and time of when 6 billion was reached will probably change because the already uncertain estimates are constantly being updated.

Previous Milestones

Summary Table

1 - 1804 ( 1803 years): 0.2 to 1 bil.

1804 - 2022 ( 218 years): from 1 billion to 8 billion

World Population by Region

World Population Density (people/km²)

Population density map of the world showing not only countries but also many subdivisions (regions, states, provinces). See also: World Map

Courtesy of
Junuxx at en.wikipedia [ CC-BY-SA-3.0 or GFDL], via Wikimedia Commons

World Population by Religion

According to a recent study (based on the 2010 world population of 6.9 billion) by The Pew Forum, there are:

2,173,180,000 Christians (31% of world population), of which 50% are Catholic, 37% Protestant, 12% Orthodox, and 1% other.

1,598,510,000 Muslims (23%), of which 87-90% are Sunnis, 10-13% Shia.

1,126,500,000 No Religion affiliation (16%): atheists, agnostics and people who do not identify with any particular religion. One-in-five people (20%) in the United States are religiously unaffiliated.

1,033,080,000 Hindus (15%), the overwhelming majority (94%) of which live in India.

487,540,000 Buddhists (7%), of which half live in China.

405,120,000 Folk Religionists (6%): faiths that are closely associated with a particular group of people, ethnicity or tribe.

58,110,000 Other Religions (1%): Baha'i faith, Taoism, Jainism, Shintoism, Sikhism, Tenrikyo, Wicca, Zoroastrianism and many others.

13,850,000 Jews (0.2%), four-fifths of which live in two countries: United States (41%) and Israel (41%).

World Population by Country

How many people have ever lived on earth?

It was written during the 1970s that 75% of the people who had ever been born were alive at that moment. This was false.

Assuming that we start counting from about 50,000 B.C., the time when modern Homo sapiens appeared on the earth (and not from 700,000 B.C. when the ancestors of Homo sapiens appeared, or several million years ago when hominids were present), taking into account that all population data are a rough estimate, and assuming a constant growth rate applied to each period up to modern times, it has been estimated that a total of approximately 106 billion people have been born since the dawn of the human species, making the population currently alive roughly 6% of all people who have ever lived on planet Earth.

Others have estimated the number of human beings who have ever lived to be anywhere from 45 billion to 125 billion, with most estimates falling into the range of 90 to 110 billion humans.

World Population clock: sources and methodology

The world population counter displayed on Worldometer takes into consideration data from two major sources: the United Nations and the U.S. Census Bureau.

1. The United Nations Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs every two years calculates, updates, and publishes estimates of total population in its World Population Prospects series. These population estimates and projections provide the standard and consistent set of population figures that are used throughout the United Nations system.

The World Population Prospect: the 2022 Revision provides the most recent data available (released in July of 2022). Estimates and projected world population and country specific populations are given from 1950 through 2100 and are released every two years. Worldometer, as it is common practice, utilizes the medium fertility estimates.

Data underlying the population estimates are national and sub national census data and data on births, deaths, and migrants available from national sources and publications, as well as from questionnaires. For all countries, census and registration data are evaluated and, if necessary, adjusted for incompleteness by the Population Division as part of its preparations of the official United Nations population estimates and projections.

2. The International Programs Center at the U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division also develops estimates and projections based on analysis of available data (based on census, survey, and administrative information) on population, fertility, mortality, and migration for each country or area of the world. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, world population reached 7 billion on March 12, 2012.

For most countries adjustment of the data is necessary to correct for errors, omissions, and inconsistencies in the data. Finally, since most recent data for a single country is often two years old on average, the current world population figure is necessarily a projection of past data based on assumed trends. As new data become available, assumptions and data are reevaluated and past conclusions and current figures may be modified.

For information about how these estimates and projections are made by the U.S. Census Bureau, see the Population Estimates and Projections Methodology.

Why Worldometer's Population Clock is the most accurate

The above world population clock is based on the latest estimates released in July of 2022 by the United Nations. It will show the same number wherever you are in the world and whatever time you set on your PC.

Visitors around the world visiting a PC clock based counter, instead, will see different numbers depending on where they are located. This is the case with other world population clocks - such as the one hosted on a United Nations website, reaching 8 billion in 24 different instances (one per hour) on November 15, 2022, when each local time zone reached 12:10:08. Similarly, in 2011, the clocks on a UN website and on National Geographic - showed 7 billion whenever the visitor's locally set PC clocks reached 4:21:10 AM on October 31, 2011.

Obviously, the UN data is based on estimates and can't be 100% accurate, so in all honesty nobody can possibly say with any degree of certainty on which day world population reached 7 billion (or any other exact number), let alone at what time. But once an estimate is made (based on the best data and analysis available), the world population clock should be showing the same number at any given time anywhere around the world.

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World Population Clock: 8.1 Billion People (LIVE, 2024) - Worldometer

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How many people are there in the world? World population has reached 8 billion on November 15, 2022 according to the United Nations. World population live counter with data sheets, graphs, maps, and census data regarding the current, historical, and future world population figures, estimates, growth rates, densities and demographics

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Check our other visualizations

Other indicators visualized on maps:

(In English only, for now)

AIDS estimated deaths (UNAIDS estimates)

Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19)

Age at first marriage, female

Age at first marriage, male

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)

Antiretroviral therapy coverage (% of people living with HIV)

Antiretroviral therapy coverage for PMTCT (% of pregnant women living with HIV)

Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people)

Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)

Children (0-14) living with HIV

Children with fever receiving antimalarial drugs (% of children under age 5 with fever)

Completeness of birth registration (%)

Completeness of death registration with cause-of-death information (%)

Diabetes prevalence (% of population ages 20 to 79)

Diarrhea treatment (% of children under 5 receiving oral rehydration and continued feeding)

Fertility rate, total (births per woman)

GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$)

Health expenditure per capita (current US$)

Health expenditure per capita, PPP

Health expenditure, private (% of GDP)

Health expenditure, public (% of GDP)

Health expenditure, total (% of GDP)

Hospital beds (per 1,000 people)

Immunization, BCG (% of one-year-old children) - Turberculosis

Immunization, DPT (% of children ages 12-23 months) - Diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough), and Tetanus

Immunization, HepB3 (% of one-year-old children) - Hepatitis B

Immunization, Hib3 (% of children ages 12-23 months) - Meningitis, Pneumonia, and Epiglottitis

Immunization, Polio (% of one-year-old children)

Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months)

Incidence of HIV (% of uninfected population ages 15-49)

Incidence of malaria (per 1,000 population at risk)

Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people)

Labor force, female (% of total labor force)

Labor force, total

Life expectancy at birth, female (years)

Life expectancy at birth, male (years)

Life expectancy at birth, total (years)

Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)

Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above)

Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15-24)

Malaria cases reported

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000)

People practicing open defecation, urban (% of urban population)

Physicians (per 1,000 people)

Population ages 65 and above (% of total)

Population growth (annual %)

Population, male (% of total)

Postnatal care coverage (% mothers)

Prevalence of HIV, female (% ages 15-24)

Prevalence of HIV, male (% ages 15-24)

Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49)

Prevalence of overweight (% of children under 5)

Prevalence of overweight, female (% of female adults)

Prevalence of overweight, male (% of male adults)

Prevalence of syphilis (% of women attending antenatal care)

Public spending on education, total (% of GDP)

Risk of impoverishing expenditure for surgical care (% of people at risk)

Rural population growth (annual %)

School enrollment, secondary (% gross)

School enrollment, secondary, male (% net)

Sex ratio at birth (male births per female births)

Smoking prevalence, females (% of adults)

Smoking prevalence, males (% of adults)

Suicide mortality rate (per 100,000 population)

Tuberculosis death rate (per 100,000 people)

Unemployment, total (% of total labor force)

Urban population growth (annual %)

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Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100

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4.1 - Environmental Systems, Geology, and Soil Dynamics
4.2 - The Atmosphere, Water Resources, and Seasons & Climate

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4.1 - Environmental Systems, Geology, and Soil Dynamics

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4.1 - Environmental Systems, Geology, and Soil Dynamics

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Geology
Soil Dynamics

Slides

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4.2 - The Atmosphere, Water Resources, and Seasons & Climate

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4.2 - The Atmosphere, Water Resources, and Seasons & Climate

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Water Resources

Slides:
The Atmosphere
Water Resources

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Northern Hemisphere Summer Extremes 2021

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Although they can happen any time of the year, here’s a look at some extreme events occurring during the summer months north of the equator.

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Aw snap! Google Earth isn't supported on your browser. You may need to update your browser or use a different browser. Please see our system requirements for more information. Chrome is a great choice and you can download it here.

Or if you're feeling adventurous, you can try Earth anyway by choosing an option below.

Learn more about Google Earth.

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Aw snap! Google Earth isn't supported on your browser. You may need to update your browser or use a different browser. Please see our system requirements for more information. Chrome is a great choice and you can download it here. Or if you're feeling adventurous, you can try Earth anyway by choosing an option below.

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5.1 - Agriculture, Forestry & Rangelands, Land Use, Mining, and Fishing
5.2 - Environmental Economics

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5.1 - Agriculture, Forestry & Rangelands, Land Use, Mining, and Fishing

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5.1 - Agriculture, Forestry & Rangelands, Land Use, Mining, and Fishing

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Agriculture
Forestry & Rangelands
Land Use
Mining
Fishing

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What is the tragedy of the commons? - Nicholas Amendolare

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Impacts of Agriculture
Agricultural Methods
Mining, Urbanization and Footprints

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What is the Environmental Impact of Feeding the World? | California Academy of Sciences

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1. Creative Task:  Write a brief explanation (3 sentences max) showing how your creation meets the Learning Goals. Title your post as LB #X.Y_CT (X-Z).  (Due 12/9)

2. Use the reference, The Living Land.  List the 3 biggest categories that Earth's land is divided into.  List the 4 most abundant types of crops grown on Earth.  (posted 11/30)

3. Thailand stands out in SE Asia for its minimal tree cover loss due to urban development and agriculture (see map).  Why do you think this is?  Write a paragraph to explain.  Use any research, evidence, background knowledge and history/culture to support your answer.  (posted 12/1)

4. For each of the videos viewed in class.  Identify one action that can be taken to improve the sustainability of food production and state the impact of the action.  Vid1,  Vid2,  Vid3,  Vid 4.  (posted 12/3)

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The Living Land (interactive infographic)

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The Living Land (interactive infographic)

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A look at how humans use the Earth's limited land space

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Unit 6:  Energy Resources and Consumption

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Unit 6:  Energy Resources and Consumption

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6.1 - Energy Concepts and Energy Consumption
6.2 - Fossil Fuel Resources, Nuclear Energy, and Hydroelectric Power
6.3 - Energy Reduction and Renewable Energy

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6.1 - Energy Concepts and Energy Consumption

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6.1 - Energy Concepts and Energy Consumption

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Energy Consumption

Slides

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1. Fracking:  After reading the case study on page 352 of your textbook, discuss the following with your group and submit your ideas to your Padlet notes.  a)what is fracking?  b)what are the advantages of fracking?  c)what are the disadvantages of fracking?  (posted 1/4)

2. Creative Task:  Write a brief explanation (3 sentences max) showing how your creation meets the Learning Goals. Title your post as LB #X.Y_CT (X-Z).  (Due 1/7)

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6.2 - Fossil Fuel Resources, Nuclear Energy, and Hydroelectric Power

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6.2 - Fossil Fuel Resources, Nuclear Energy, and Hydroelectric Power

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Nuclear Energy
Hydroelectric Power

Slides

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1. Oil in Nigeria - Write a 1+ paragraph response to the video we watched in class today.  This is open for you to respond however you like.  (posted 1/10)

2. Gasland part 1 - Write a 1+ paragraph response to the video we watched in class today.  This is open for you to respond however you like.  Timeframe = 0:00-18:17  (posted 1/12)

3. Gasland part 2 - Write a 1+ paragraph response to the video we watched in class today.  This is open for you to respond however you like.  Timeframe = 18:17-46:54  (posted 1/13)

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The Battle Raging In Nigeria Over Control Of Oil

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6.3 - Energy Reduction and Renewable Energy

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6.3 - Energy Reduction and Renewable Energy

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Renewable Energy

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1. Nuclear Power -  Write a 1+ paragraph response to the video on nuclear power we watched in class today.  This is open for you to respond however you like.  (posted 1/18)

2. Power in Thailand - Make a list of the sources of energy that Thailand uses.  State the nation's dependency on each source by percent use.  Identify a specific example/location where this happens in Thailand.  (posted 1/24)

3. Gasland part 3 - Write a 1+ paragraph response to the video we watched in class today.  This is open for you to respond however you like.  Timeframe = 46:54-1:20:00.  (posted 1/27)

4. Passive House - Describe the 5 principles of passive home design.  Check out this video.  (posted 1/31)

5. Home Design - What ideas about passive cooling do you have for your group's home design?  List the ideas your group is planning on using here.  (posted 2/3)

6. Planetary Boundaries - List & Describe the nine planetary boundaries.

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Energy from the Earth
Renewable Energy

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Michael Shellenberger: How fear of nuclear power is hurting the environment

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"We're not in a clean energy revolution; we're in a clean energy crisis," says climate policy expert Michael Shellenberger. His surprising solution: nuclear. In this passionate talk, he explains why it's time to overcome longstanding fears of the technology, and why he and other environmentalists believe it's past time to embrace nuclear as a viable and desirable source of clean power.

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7.1 - Air Pollution

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Slides:
Sources of Air Pollution
Air Pollutants

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1. Clean Air Laws - What laws exist in Thailand that help to keep air safe to breath?  (posted 2/15)

2. Vice China - Write a 1+ paragraph response to the video we watched in class today.  This is open for you to respond however you like.  (posted 2/22)

3. Radon in Chiang Mai - Read this article from the Bangkok Post.  (a) write a short (2-4 sentences) summary  (b) find a research article and post the link  (c) list your resource using proper APA formatting  (posted 3/7)

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Empowering the World to Breathe Cleaner Air | IQAir

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Explore air quality in your city and around the world. Air quality data, collaboration tools, and technology solutions - powered by IQAir.

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The Devastating Effects of Pollution in China

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We travel to the single most polluted place on earth, the coal-mining town of Linfen in Shanxi Province, China.

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An award-winning scientist claims to have found a strong correlation between the haze season in the North and radioactive radon particles in the atmosphere.

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Unit 8:  Aquatic and Terrestrial Pollution

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Unit 8:  Aquatic and Terrestrial Pollution

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8.1 - Water Pollution
8.2 - Solid Waste
8.3 - Health Impacts of Pollution

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Slides:
Surface Pollution
Water Pollution

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9.1 - Stratospheric Ozone
9.2 - Global Climate Change
9.3 - Loss of Biodiversity

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UnstableGround communicates the science of the rapidly changing Arctic. Learn more about the climate, ecosystems, fires, carbon and permafrost in the circumpolar region by using interactive stories, maps, data, and more.

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