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A category of artistic composition in music or literature characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter.

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A type of camera with two objective lenses of the same focal length. One of the lenses is the photographic objective or "taking lens".

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This is the process of developing paper out. It is a monochrome imaging process based on the light sensitivity of silver halides. The image is then made permanent by treatment in a photographic fixer which removes the remaining light sensitive silver halides.

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The term large format simply means big film size. Large format cameras use sheet film sized 4x5" or larger with the most common film size being 4x5" and 8x10". In photography, the bigger the film size the better the quality.

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Photo curators collect, exhibit, research and maintain the photo collection at a museum. They also show photographical collections.

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A room full of photography. It's a place where people could look at the artists photography.

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Using elements of a scene to create a frame within your frame. For example, you could shoot through a doorway, or pulled back curtains.

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A large room from the exhibition of pictures or a collection of photos.

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A legal device that gives the artist of a literary, artistic, musical, or other creative work the exclusive legal right.

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An element of art defined by a point moving in space.

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An element of art that is two-dimensional, flat, or limited to
height and width.

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Hue: name of color.
Value: hue's lightness and darkness
Intensity: high intensity; color is bold/bright. Low intensity; color is faded.

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Refers to the way things feel to the touch in a picture.

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The lightness or darkness of tones or colors.

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Three-dimensional with volume with height width and depth.

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Positive and negative areas are defined or a sense of depth achieved.

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Standard photographic film format for analog single lens reflex still cameras and motion picture cameras. Dating back to the first quarter of the 20th century, the 35mm format has mostly given way to digital still and video technologies.

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Symmetry around a central axis, as in a starfish or tulip flower.

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Made up of exactly similar parts facing each other or around an axis; showing symmetry.

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Having parts which fail to correspond to one another in shape, size, or arrangement; lacking symmetry.

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The fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect.

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Containing or using only one color.

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Relating to abstract and nonrealistic art.

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A color that is calm or soothing in nature. They are never overpowering and tend to recede in space. Green, blue and purple.

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A color that is vivid or bold in nature. These are colors that tend to advance in space and can be overwhelming. Red, yellow and orange.

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Colors that are opposite on the color wheel. They appear often in nature and are called complementary because the colors complement each other.They work well and make strong compositions.

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These colors usually don't show up on the color wheel. Neutral colors include black, white. and gray, sometimes brown and beige. Sometimes called "Earth tones".

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A type of composition in which an image is divided evenly into thirds, both horizontally and vertically, and the subject of the image is placed at the intersection of those dividing lines, or along one of the lines itself.

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You are creating an image that is more naturally pleasing to the eye. The Rule of Thirds is one of the first compositional rules most new photographers learn.

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A technique of composition where the viewer of your photos attention is drawn to lines that lead to the main subject of he image. Paves an easy path for the eye to follow through different elements of a photo.

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Positive space has to do with composition. Positive space refers to the objects in the frame.

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The space between and around objects in the frame.

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An image not influenced by feelings, interpretations or prejudice. Some examples would be medical or forensic photography.

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Emphasizes consideration of the photo that goes beyond the actual subject.

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Offering valid and well-reasoned opinions about the work of others, usually involving both positive and negative comments.

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Using someone or something else's work and claiming it for your own good.

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A word, name or symbol, used or intended to be used to identify and distinguish the goods/services of one seller or provider.

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Sourcing Agents When Manufacturing Overseas: The Long Version You have a great product that you want to be made in a foreign country about which you know little. What do you do? Do you use a sourcing agent and if you do, how should you pay that agent and what should you have it do?

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Moral principles that people work with 'correctness' or acceptable conduct is one of the outcomes of ethics. Photographers have developed their own ideas about what is right and wrong.

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Main source of light behind the photography subject. The subject is place between the light and camera. This creates a certain glow effect at the edges of the subject.

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To soften light by reducing glare and harsh shadows. In diffused lighting, subjects will appear to have shadows with very soft edges or no edges. Minimizes blemishes and wrinkles.

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Any form of light that the photographer did not add to their image and can include include natural ambient sunlight, or artificial ambient light like a nearby street light.

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Italian artistic term used to describe the dramatic effect of contrasting areas of light and dark in an artwork. Comes from the Italian words for "light" and "dark".

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Conveys drama, mystery, emotion and mood in a picture. Defined as a view o an object or a scene consisting of the outline and featureless interior, with the silhouetted object usually looking back.

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Pairs of closely associated portraits, images or themed pictures are often used to off-set one another.

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Three closely associated portraits, images or themed pictures are placed together.

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Picture element/ Every photograph in digital form is made up of pixels. They are the smallest unit of information that makes up a picture. Usually round or square, they are typically arranged in a 2-dimensional grid.

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The blue hour is the period of twilight when the Sun is at a significant depth below the horizon and residual, indirect sunlight takes on a predominantly blue shade.

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The Golden Hour is the period of daytime shortly after sunrise or before sunset. During which daylight is redder and softer than when the Sun is higher in the sky.

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Organizing and storing digital images. Composed of digital data in uncompressed, compressed, or vector formats.

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Unprocessed or minimally processed data from the image sensor of a digital camera.

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Layered image file used in Adobe Photoshop. PSD, which stands for Photoshop Document, is the default format that Photoshop uses for saving data.

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Stands for "Joint Photographic Experts Group." Its a very popular image file format. Faster to save to memory card. Processed less faster than RAW. Better lighting.

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"Tagged Image File Format" is a compression format that doesn't lose any information about the photo's data; it's a lossless file format.

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Automatic exposure mode is a standard feature on digital cameras that will automatically determine the correct exposure for pictures without any user input other than to select the AE option before taking a picture.

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Allows the photographer to determine the exposure of an image by letting them select an aperture value and a shutter speed value.

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Aperture priority, often abbreviated A or Av on a camera mode dial, is a setting on some cameras that allows the user to set a specific aperture value while the camera selects a shutter speed to match it that will result in proper exposure based on the lighting conditions.

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The user specifies a shutter speed, while the camera adjusts the aperture size to correctly expose the image.

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Refers to the fact that you can fiddle with the shutter speed and aperture combo. Whether you choose Auto or Program, the camera chooses an aperture and shutter speed combination that will give you a good exposure.

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A compositional technique in photography that juxtaposes images within a frame so that the objects are of equal visual weight.

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Varying elements and objects in your image, to avoid making them boring. Variety can also be varying your angles, exposure and composition. Introducing another element into the foreground of the picture.

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Utilizes elements that are repeated. The repetition of lines, shapes, tones or color can create interesting images. You can use it to enhance the overall composition and look of the photograph.

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Comparing sizes of objects, or the amount of one thing to the whole. By comparing the size of one object to another, it can give more importance.

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Where some elements recur regularly. It will have a flow of objects that will seem lead your eyes in a certain way throughout the photo.

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Taking the parts of a piece of art and unifying them in to something better as a whole. This could by a group of boats all together in a pond. Or multiple hands put in a circle.

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An area or object within the artwork that draws attention and becomes a focal point. Sometimes having a blurred out background can put more emphasis on the object.

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(International Organization for Standardization) Sensitivity of the image sensor. The same principles apply as in film photography - the lower the number the less sensitive your camera is to light and the finer the grain.

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Random variation of brightness or color information in images, and is usually an aspect of electronic noise. It can be produced by the sensor and circuitry of a scanner or digital camera.

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ASA and ISO are both measurements of film speed, or sensitivity to light. ASA is a scale created by the American Standards Association, but it is no longer widely used. Now most film is labeled by ISO.

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The random optical texture of processed photographic film due to the presence of small particles of a metallic silver, or dye clouds, developed from silver halide that have received enough photons.

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Electronic device that converts an optical image into an electronic signal. It is used in digital cameras and imaging devices to convert the light received on the camera or imaging device lens in a digital image.

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A digital still image camera that uses a single lens reflex (SLR) mechanism. Most professional cameras were analog single lens reflex until digital SLR's emerged in the early 1990s.

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Text information pertaining to an image file that is embedded into the file or contained in a separate file that is associated with it. Image metadata includes details relevant to the image itself as well as information about its production.

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Small image that represents a larger one. Often provide snapshots of several images in a single space. Commonly used for organization programs. Digital thumbnails are usually between 75x75 and 200x200 pixels in size.

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Abbreviation of the photography term "Straight Out Of Camera", simply meaning that an image can be good enough to print straight from the camera without further processing.

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Image stabilization technology that minimizes blur caused by camera shake. Nikon VR originates in the lens, not in the image sensor, which means that algorithms optimized to an individual lens are applied.

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Auto focus points are what the camera uses to focus on a subject. You'll probably first notice them when you press the shutter halfway.

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General technique of taking several shots of the same subject using different camera settings. Auto-bracketing is a feature of many modern cameras.

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The vertical bar under the scale predicts a photos exposure relative to the standard exposure, taken with the current meter reading.

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Alters exposure from the value selected by the camera, making photographs brighter or darker.

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Continuous shooting mode, sports mode or continuous high speed mode is a shooting mode in still cameras.

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(Focal-Stop) "Aperture" opening of a camera lens, which allows light to come in. Also it determines how much is in focus in front of and behind the subject. (See Depth of Field).

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Is a the unit of measurement that defines the size of the opening in the lens that can be adjusted to control the amount of light reaching the film or digital sensor. The size of the aperture is measured in F-stop. See also shutter speed.

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The aesthetic quality of the blur produced in the out-of-focus parts of an image produced by a lens. Bokeh has been defined as "the way the lens renders out-of-focus points of light".

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The distance between the closest and farthest objects in a photo that appears acceptably sharp. Now your camera can only focus sharply at one point. In a photo with a narrow DoF, only a small slice pf the images is in focus. Conversely, with a large DoF, much more of the scene is sharp.

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The focal length of the lens is the distance between the lens and the image sensor when the subject is in focus. Millimeters typically. In the case of zoom lenses, both the minimum and maximum focal lengths are stated, for example 18–55 mm.

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Or called exposure time, is the length of time when the film or digital sensor inside the camera is exposed to light, also when a camera's shutter is open when taking a photograph.

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Simply a shutter option that you can select in manual modern your camera. It allows your shutter speed to be any length you choose. Motion blur is a purposeful result when you choose this mode.

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The apparent shaking of the camera. Streaking of moving objects. Results; image being recorded changes during the recording of a single exposure.

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Accidentally shaking the camera during shooting due to unsteady hands, with results in blurry images. Occurs more often if you are shooting in a low shutter speed.

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Monopod: Hold the camera steady while in the field. Not as steady as the tripod because there's only one leg. Allows movement in the horizontal plane and prevents up and down movement. Tripod: A three-legged stand for supporting a camera.

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A feature many digital cameras and video cameras use to accurately balance color.

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Natural light of the day.

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Comparative darkness and coolness caused by shelter from direct sunlight.

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Covered with of characterized by clouds; overcast.

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Refers to an artificial lighting source that emits heat and produce a "warmer" or reddish color.

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Chemical reaction that involves gases and mercury vapor interaction, which produces an invisible UV light. Invisible UV Light illuminates the phosphor powder coating the inside of the glass tube, emitting the white "fluorescent" light.

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Shine in a bright but brief, sudden, or intermittent way. (Of a light or something that effects light.)

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The period of darkness in each twenty four hours. The time from sunset to sunrise.

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Describe the darkest parts of an image. Manipulation of lighting and exposure of shadow within an image can be used to add or remove darkness from a scene, dramatically altering the overall feel and depth.

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Range of tones that lie between highlights with detail and shadows with detail.