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Julio Alexander Ortega D
Eivar Geovanny García M
Jeison Janier Lasso U.
Yerlin Carlos florez Ascuntar

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According to the standardization performed, four phases are distinguished in a LCA study:

Definition of Objectives and Scope: Defines the objective and the intended use of the study, as well as the scope according to the limits of the system, the functional unit and the flows within the life cycle, the quality required of the data, and the parameters Technological and evaluation.

Development of the Life Cycle Inventory (ICV): It is the phase of the LCA in which the data corresponding to the inputs and outputs for all the processes of the product system are collected.

Life Cycle Impact Assessment (EICV): It is the phase of the LCA in which the inventory of inputs and outputs is transferred to indicators of potential environmental impacts to the environment, human health and the availability of natural resources.

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Basics of Life Cycle Analysis

The Life Cycle Analysis is a methodological tool that allows measuring the environmental impact of a product, process or system throughout its life cycle. It is based on the collection and analysis of the entrances and exits of the system to obtain results that show their potential environmental impacts, with the objective of being able to determine strategies for their reduction. The main feature of this tool is its holistic approach, that is, it is based on the idea that all the properties of a system cannot be determined or explained only individually by the parts that compose it. Total integration of all aspects involved is necessary; hence the concept of taking into account the entire life cycle of the system, the elements that are taken into account within the LCA, are commonly known as inputs / outputs.

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In Colombia, the Colombian Institute of Technical Standards ICONTEC, is a non-profit organization whose fundamental mission is to provide support and development to the producer, consumer protection, collaborates and supports the private sector of the country to achieve competitiveness in internal and external markets from the country
NTC-ISO 14040 and 14044
Life cycle analysis.

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Life cycle analysis (ACV) can help:

• Improve the environmental performance of products in the stages of their life cycle.

• Give information to decision makers in industry or organizations.

• Environmental performance indicators, measurement techniques.

• Marketing, "Example implementing environment label schemes!"

ACV addresses environmental aspects and environmental problems throughout the life cycle of a product.

Next, we present the phases in a ACV study:

• Phase of definition of the objective and scope.

• Inventory analysis phase.

• Environmental impact assessment phase.

• Interpretation phase.

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Life Cycle Analysis of Distributed Energy System Projects’ Energy Consumption and GHG Emission – A Case of Beer Brewery Auxiliary Power Supply in China

Abstract

The topic and article may be a bit complex, but it shows technically that it is possible to give better utility to energy, whether it is heat, cold, kinetic. When I say utility it means that the elements of everyday use can be used in an alternative way before undoubtingly discarding or discarding them. The message is also likely to try to invite people to make better use of the resources that move the world such as fuels, fossils, paper, mining, communications, etc. This document also encourages us to think that energy with its carrying or transporting elements should not be discarded first-hand, but should be given another use so as to generate a service more than that for which it was designed or consumed when obtained in the market. In the end, I believe that we are told to recycle not only the elements used but also the energy that they can generate or consume.
(ISO 14040)

ALARGATE THE LIFE CYCLE TO BETTER TO THE MANUFACTURED ELEMENTS BETTER
To minimize environmental damage and waste of processed materials, the industry should study the possibility of extending the useful life of the quantity of manufactures that in commercial and almost disposable waves They offer the consumer world. But it should not be a protective desire but a legal mandate guaranteeing the permanence of merchandise that will remain unused but for some time (years) enough to be replaced. It is cheaper to keep a product on the market than to withdraw one and launch another, companies try to prolong their life cycle to the maximum. To delay the conversion into garbage of so many expensive elements and made of heavy materials, different strategies are often used. -Relaunch: it is about offering almost a different product with the name of the original. It does not always work because loyal consumers do not agree with changing the characteristics they appreciate from the first one.                                                                     -Update: it has less risk because it is more a makeover. Some improvements are introduced so that the original product is more attractive and does not seem outdated with respect to the competition.                                                                                                          -Extension of the maturity phase: the effort falls mainly on advertising. More frequent use is sought. In other cases, changes of habit are proposed so that consumption is extended over time or to new segments of the population. As you can see, the deep.
ISO 14044

Is used to evaluate the life cycle of products, generating the requirements and guidelines to carry out the evaluation, the most important are:

-The definition of the objective.What is the scope of the life cycle. The life cycle inventory must be analyzed.

-It is interpreted, informed and a critical examination of the life cycle is performed.

-There are certain limitations in the cycle.

-The phases of the life cycle are related.

-There are certain value options and items that are optional. It should be known that ISO 14044 defines the objectives and scope that the intended application must have in the results of the life cycle analysis. The Life Cycle Analysis following this standard is an environmental tool to evaluate the products, packaging and processes identifying the different environmental impact, throughout its life, between a new product and others that already exist in the market or compare different processes of manufacture of the same product, in terms of use of resources and emissions. LCA evaluates the potential impact on the environment of a product, process or activity throughout its life cycle by:

-The amount of the use of resources (“inputs” as energy, such as the raw materials needed to manufacture it, transportation of raw materials, water or energy used)

-Environmental emissions ("outlets" to air, water and soil)

-Determine the contributions of the different stages of the life cycle of this product to total emissions

-Analysis of the socio-economic impact determined to increase the effectiveness in each of the phases in the life of the product. The information given by the evaluation of the life cycle, gives the organization a greater knowledge of its processes and the impacts generated, therefore they can identify and anticipate the risks generated. It also improves the ability to detect the future needs of the company to improve the products they offer today.

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Importance of ACV:

1. Identification of opportunities to improve the environmental performance of products in the different stages of their life cycle.

2. The contribution of information to those who make decisions in the industry, such as strategic planning, the establishment of priorities, the design and redesign of products or processes.

3. The selection of the relevant environmental performance indicators.

4. Marketing, which can be done in an environmental labeling scheme, elaborating an environmental claim, or an environmental product declaration.

Life Cycle Analysis

First of all, it is defined by the acronym ACV and is defined as ISO 14040: Technique to determine the environmental aspects and potential potential impacts associated with a product, taking into account the inputs and outputs of the system.

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Advantages of renewable energies

They help reduce greenhouse gas emissions, helping to slow down global warming. Clean energies are considered to be more respectful with the environment than conventional energies.

- Reduce energy production costs, create new jobs and reduce dependence on large energy powers and countries with fossil fuel reserves (oil, coal and natural gas).

- They produce energy indefinitely, when obtained from inexhaustible and unlimited sources of energy.

LCA
The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a tool that allows us to know what the environmental impact generated by a product is, by the process, and even by the activity that is carried out throughout the life cycle of the product, knowing this can be put measures to avoid the impact or correct it.

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Advantages of renewable energies

- They help reduce greenhouse gas emissions, helping to slow down global warming. Clean energies are considered to be more respectful with the environment than conventional energies.

- Reduce energy production costs, create new jobs and reduce dependence on large energy powers and countries with fossil fuel reserves (oil, coal and natural gas).

- They produce energy indefinitely, when obtained from inexhaustible and unlimited sources of energy.