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The Civil Rights movement was a social movement to stop segregation and bring black and white people together. The Freedom Riders were a group of activists that wanted to end bus segregation. I wanted to research about this topic because it refers to a everyday activity which we all do but at the time, blacks and white had to do it separately. The moral of the story for my topic is that you have to be persistent in achieving your goals. The Freedom Riders continued to fight and didn’t quit and they got what they wanted. The Freedom Rides had an impact on our lives because we can now understand how black people suffered at the time and how unfair that was.

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Supreme Court decision in Morgan v. Virginia that found segregated bus seating was unconstitutional. Despite that ruling, buses still kept separate seating for whites and blacks.

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In 1947, Rustin and others started a Journey of Reconciliation with CORE (Congress of Racial Equality). They were arrested for participating in this journey. This was the beginning of the Freedom Rides.

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Although the Supreme Court had ruled to end segregation in buses, in 1960 the Supreme Court extended the earlier ruling to restrooms, bus terminals etc. However, the CORE said that segregation still existed and they started the Freedom Ride to the South.

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The first Freedom Ride departed Washington DC to the South.

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This is a picture of the Freedom Riders sitting at the white side of a bus depot.

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The Freedom Riders encounter violence in South Carolina and Alabama. On May 14, 1961, a mob of white people firebombed one bus and beat the Freedom Riders.

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This picture shows the firebombed bus on May 14, 1961.

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SNCC (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee) also helped organize the Freedom Rides in 1961 and was a large presence at the 1963 March on Washington as SNCC became more politically active.

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The Alabama and Mississippi governors provided National Guard support to the Freedom Riders, however, they were still arrested and jailed.

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On May 29, 1961, President Kennedy passed stricter guidelines ending segregation.

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FREEDOM RIDER, 1961. - James Zwerg, a white Freedom Rider, photographed after being beaten by a mob at the Montgomery, Alabama, bus terminal, 20 May 1961.all this work was from The Granger Collection / Universal Images Group

Rights Managed / For Education Use Only

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A bus was fire bombed in 1963 about 250,000 people gathered in Washington, D.C. to urge the congress to pass civil rights