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Physical and organizational structures needed for the operation of a society.

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The state of lacking or having minimal to no resources. A shortage of something.

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Goods
Items that are tangible
Ex) Pens, salt, shoes, hats, and folders
Services
Activities provided by people for others to attend to gain money. Can also be volunteer work and a person's job or career.

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Prosperity is to be successful  in terms of finance, material, and fortune.

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the activity of buying and selling, especially on a large scale.

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Surplus is an amount of something that people have more  than needed of, which can be used to trade or barter, or to be sold. An example of this can be food products, or any supplies needed in daily life

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Exchanging or buying goods in order to gather resources that you might not have access to. For example, China traded India silk for spices.

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Sacred texts are the rules to religious beliefs. They include books like the Bible(Christianity) and the Vedas(Hinduism)

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Customs or beliefs passed on from generation to generation.

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Judgment of what is important in life.

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Inputs of production used for economic value which doesn't involve the work of a man such as facilities, machinery, natural capital, and infrastructure.

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Romans who were slaves or really poor were  forced to do hard physical work called labor.

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A market economy is an economic system which goods and services are guided by interactions of a country's individual citizens and businesses.

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The words, pronunciations, and methods of combining them that are used to communicate with others within a certain culture.

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A system where people have beliefs about mythological, religious, and politics.

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Romans used coins as money, such as the nummus aureus(a golden coin)and silver denarii(silver). Their currency was the Euros.

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An industry is a group of businesses that produce a certain kind of goods or services.
The Romans' main industries were agriculture and trade.

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When you judge another religion based on your own religions perspective.

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Cultural diversity means the variety of cultures, or people, in a certain area. The diversity of an area can include the different races and religions in amongst a people.

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The ideas and beliefs of people. This forms political and economical  theories.

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Somebody who organizes and operates a business, or a promoter in a company.

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A writing system is a way to communicate visually. The Romans wrote in Latin.

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Cultural knowledge of history and evolution can be spread through language or drawings such as petroglyphs or pictographs.

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Roman Architects usually build in a post-and-lintel system, which means that they used columns, with a horizontal block, known as a lintel, laid flat across the top of the columns

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Any law that comes directly from the will of God. Divine law are contained in sacred religious texts such as the Torah, the Holy Bible, and the Quran.

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The belief or worship of a superior being, such as a god or gods. The Romans believed in the Roman Gods, such as Mars, Venus, Pluto, Neptune, and many others.

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Daily life in Rome tended to begin with a light breakfast containing Bread and water, or wine instead of water if at home, or a wheat pancake on the way to work or school instead if not eating at home. Boys and girls wore togas then tunics later on when they grew up. The school only contained one room like a small roman bakery. School was very hard and you had to be a serious student. Roman children studied many subjects similar to modern day studied subjects such as history.

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The importance or worth of something within one's culture

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The mixture of several cultures into one culture. This is usually brought about through trade and migrations.

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Customs are beliefs that have been practiced for a long period of time

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It is the opposite of the city, the countryside. This can be places with large amounts of free land.

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A conservative government is the mindset that there should be no change in the political system or laws. This can either be for the good or for the worse.

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A natural source of supply or support.

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relating to or supporting democracy and principles. Helping the Democratic party, one of the two major political parties.

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Agriculture is the practice of farming growing of crops and raising of animals.

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The process of industry of extracting coal or other minerals from a mine or geological place.

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A fertile land is a land that has the ability to grow crops abundantly and make crops that are rich in nutrients. However, a land itself is not fertile; the soil that is in a land is the thing that is fertile, and the soil allows for great abundance in crops.

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Terrace farming is a  method of growing crops on sides of hills or mountains by planting on upright terraces by the slopes. This reduces soil and water loss.

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Vegetation is a term for all of the plant life in a region. Vegetation helps serve as food and shelter for wildlife. Without vegetation, animals would die, and that would result in harming humans too.

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(adj.) of or relating to a city or town. characteristics or accustomed to cities.

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Having the right/ability to command someone and make decisions regarding laws and the government.

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Climate is a weather pattern which happens or goes on for a long period of time. People tend to get used to one weather pattern or type when climate is going on. Some types of climate, are droughts, or long blizzards.

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Crops are the harvested plants, food, and grains that farmers grow. The type of crop depends on the farmers and the location.

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Public facilities and improvements built by the government for the public good. Public works include hospitals, bridges, highways, and dams. These projects may be funded by local or state.

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The ability to be maintained at a certain level, to be upheld, or defended.

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Revolution is the act of overthrowing a government, replacing it with a new system. It is a big political change that is very sudden.

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The political enlightenment made churches and monarchy's weaker

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The rules of a community or a country as a regulation of the actions of members.

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Making a command or instructing someone to do something. Usually done by someone who has authority. ^

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Natural law is a set of moral principles that guide people with their decisions. It is similar to your common sense or your conscience.

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A mandatory contribution to the state government that varies depending on a citizen's salary. Ex. In the US, taxes are used to fund schools, public parks, public libraries, etc. In the past, many governments have collapsed because of high tax rates that people could not afford. This is vital to the political system because it can either make or break a government. If tax and employment rates are good, then it will be sufficient society like America. Otherwise, the political system will collapse, like Western Rome.

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A procedure of enforcing rights and laws to maintain order. There are three main legal systems, which include civil law, common law, and religious law

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A theory of political and economical  social organization created by a community.

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A monarchy is a ruling system with only one leader who is more superior than the rest of the country. Some examples are a queen, king, or emperor.

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Nationalism is the belief that your country, culture, and interests are more superior than all others. Sometimes, nationalism makes people not want to work with other countrie to solve problems that affect a group of nations.

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Expansion is intruding a state's territory, pursued as a political strategy, to grow territory. It also can mean bringing new culture or religion from other civilizations.

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The refusal to follow specific laws in order to influence legislation in a non-violent way.

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Imperialism is a policy where a government grows through extending power and influence through diplomacy or military force. An example: Colonization, or controlling other nations' territory, culture, or economics. Usually, this control is accessible by the military power of another nation.

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It is a federal law enforcement agency. It's focus is protecting people in power, such as the President.

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A gift, compliment, or something similar, usually given to other political leaders to express gratitude or gratefulness, sometimes in return for military protection or as an offer of peace.

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Bureaucracy is a system of government where the decisions are made by state officials and not by elected representatives.

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The act of demanding conduct, being lawful, and righteous.
Ex: Not being biased, depended on race, religion, or gender.

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Political structure is the way the government is organised. For example, the United State's government's structure is made up of three branches: Executive, Legislative, and Judicial.

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Government is the system of people, laws, and officials that define and control the country that you live in. The U.S. government for example, is a representative  democracy with three branches. There are many different types of government, but they all do one thing, they oversee the rules, regulations, and  interactions of the people who live under them. For the most part, the government is usually concerned with public life, though many of the laws the government establishes usually intrudes into public life. If you work for the government, you are involved in public life. If you work  for a company, you are in the private section.

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A series of operations with the purpose of securing a political position.

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The part of law that is most of the body of english law defined as rulings on cases that judges make.For example when a judge gives a read contract that the both the Plaintiff and defendant most do their part of the contract.

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Military in terms of Political Systems could mean a government run by the military, creating a dictatorship; or it could mean the government creating/organizing a military system to defend the country.

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A public service is a way to help the community. It is for the benefit of the public community. An example of showing public service is joining the military because it keeps the country safe.

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A leadership in a political system is a representative elected by the citizens to lead a country or organization.

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The ability to move freely in a social pyramid; if a teacher is able to be promoted to principal (if you have your masters degree).

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They are the higher class that have more time to sit down and relax. The lower class has to work more hours and can't make as much money as the higher class.

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A philosophical movement stressing the importance of movement and the critical reappraisal of ideas and social institutions.

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Nomadic is under Social Structures. The ways of not settling into a place for a long time. Moving from place to place and hunt for food for each individual day.

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Demographics is the percentage of each race that lives in a social structure. For example the United States of America has 77.7% white people. It also could be other things like unemployment, age, and gender.

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A class hierarchy is an organized structure of successive official ranks or divisions.

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The quality of being fair and impartial.

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Citizenship is the status of a citizen in a country. A citizen is someone who legally resides in a country. In the United States, citizenship is a privilege, and citizens have more rights than non-citizens: the right to vote,  the right to prompt in jury, freedom of religion, etc.

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The ranking of a person in a social structure. Ex: The president's status in the government is the highest of all.

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Under Social Structures. A report of a recent event; intelligence, information

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Movements are when 1 or more people spread their ideas to others and cause awareness for their ideas. For example, in the late 1700's American citizens protested against the British rule.

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Higher classes get more privileges than lower classes. Higher classes have privileges such as respect power unlike the lower classes.

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The caste system is a hierarchical system where your class is defined by your birth. For example, if you are born into a poor family, you will be in a lower caste, but if you are born into a rich family, you will be in a higher caste.

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Education is a way of learning, which is free for all social classes. So, everyone can attend it from kindergarten to high school.

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Fairness and equality no matter what religion, gender, social ranking, and ethnicity.

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Literacy is under the Social Structures section of SPICE. It is the ability to read and write and to communicate with others.

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Media is a tool used to spread information to audiences everywhere. Media has an important role that sculpts the public's opinion by giving views and opinions on current events. Some examples of media are the internet, newspaper, television, and magazines.

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When you know or claim that you are a certain person. Your name, age, gender, and your personality all are factors of your identity.