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In the ocean there are coral reefs and in those there are algae. Algae make up 60% of the oceans oxygen. Do to the rise in temperature in the ocean coral reefs are dying and therefor animals are dying do to the rapid increase in temperature of the ocean. They measure the temperature by buoys or they use ships.

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The temperature of the surface has risen in the past 50 years. It is now melting the polar ice caps and they are key to the survival of life on earth. The measure it by using small weather stations all over the world.

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Weather Events  - Hurricanes - Extreme Events

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Weather Events  - Hurricanes - Extreme Events

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-Hurricanes are measured by wind speed, and the scale in which they are categorized is called the Simpson Scale.
-Hurricanes are changing as the climate changes.
- They are measured by radars.
-Precipitation, Wind Patterns, Ocean Current patterns, and Weather event frequency.

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-A tide gauge is  a large pipe inserted into the ocean/sea which shows the changes of the level.
-The sea/ocean levels are changing by the amount of ice melting.

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CO2 in the atmosphere causes something called the greenhouse effect. CO2 is a gas caused by the warming of the earth. This is not good and is making the greenhouse effect in the atmosphere a real thing. The greenhouse effect is when the sun's warmth gets trapped in the earths atmosphere and can't escape and it causes the earth to warm up. It is measured with specific sensors which are about 96% accurate. Another way is from ice cores.

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Ice Sheet melting - in the Arctic/Antarctic

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Ice Sheet melting - in the Arctic/Antarctic

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-On land they can use Ice probes which can give scientists more accurate estimates to how much Ice melted into the ocean. In the ocean they use Satellites that show how much ice has run into the ocean.
-The picture below shows a satellites picture of Greenland's projected ice melt off.