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Dionysis D, Greece

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ANIMAL PRODUCTION AND MEAT PRODUCTS QUALITY

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In 2018, food production index for Greece was 83.8 index. Food production index of Greece increased from 65.1 index in 1969 to 83.8 index in 2018 growing at an average annual rate of 0.71%.

What is food production index?

Food production index covers food crops that are considered edible and that contain nutrients. Coffee and tea are excluded because, although edible, they have no nutritive value. 2004-2006 = 100.

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The average value for Greece in livestock production index  during that period (1961-2018) was 100.1 index points with a minimum of 47.8 index points in 1961 and a maximum of 115.9 index points in 1995. The latest value from 2018 is 93.3 index points.
In livestock production is included meat and milk from all sources, dairy products such as cheese, and eggs, honey, raw silk, wool, and hides and skins.

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Nowadays, many people support that the meat consumption is bad for our environment. Some people support that eating meat cause climate change and that it damages our environment. Other people believe that we should eat less meat.
In my opinion both of that opinions have pros and cons. If we stop eating

meat it will damage our health us meat consumtion provide us the necessary protein ferum and B vitamins that are important for our growth, for redesign the damaged tissues and for achiving the appopriate level of haematocrit. But if we keep eating too much meat we damage our enviroment by increasing the greenhouse gasses and especially methane. If we want to balance the damage to the enviroment and protect our health, in my opinion, we should continiun eating meat but not so often and maybe to prefer white mea instead of red meat.

For example, if we follow the principles of mediteranian diet the meat consumption will one or two prsions per month but we can stiil continiun eating animal products (milk, eggs, yogurt,honey,cheese) and ofcourse fish poltrey. In that way we can maintain our health and don't damage it parallel we will protect our enviroment.

If we want to further tackle the climate change we could adupt intervensions in horriculture and livestock production approaches in order to minimize the greenhouse gasses that are emitted to the biosphere.

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There are many products from animals that could be consumed without processing, like milk, eggs, and meat but also some processed meat products. As our topic is to hightlight the link of meat consumption with climate change  I think that we have to focus on what we need to do in order to delay this fact. I think that it is impossible to avoid meat consumption so in my opinion less meat consumption is the better choice to reduce a little the climate change that occurs more faster than we thought.
Something else we could do instead of avoiding meat is interventions at the level of productivity unit so that the emitted unwanted gases to the biosphere.

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Animal husbandry

for example, cattleIn addition to cattle, sheep, pigs, goats and poultry are also kept. Raw materials such as milk, meat, eggs, but also wool and leather are obtained from this.

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Agriculture in Austria

There are not as many farms in Austria today as there were 40 years ago, especially since joining the EU,  their number has decreased. Their structures have become more diverse: farms with only arable farming, farms with a lot, little or no livestock, small or large pastures or various mixed forms. Colloquially, "Körndlbauern" and "Hörndlbauern" are also spoken.
More than half of the farmers in Austria pursue an additional profession. In Austrian agriculture, "dairy farmers" predominate, followed by forestry, grain cultivation and mixed farming. Only a small proportion of farmers grow fruit, vegetables and vines. Overall, around 87% of the country's land area is used for agriculture and forestry.

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Lena S., Judith

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Jana N., Manuela R., Hanna R., Austria

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my poster

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In discussions about agriculture, beef is linked to the bad guys of climate change and many people are proposing to reduce meat consumption, while others argue that animals can also be produced sustainably. In my opinion, simply minimising the consumption of meat will not have a direct impact as far as climate change is concerned. On the contrary, zero meat consumption would certainly have more effective but also faster results.  However, it will be difficult to convince most of the population to stop consuming meat, even if it comes to protecting the environment they live in. However, what we should and can all do is try to reduce the consumption of meat no matter how difficult it may be.

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In our day the discussions around agriculture are related to climate change. Many people argue that the situation can be saved with zero consumption of meat and natural resources. On the other hand, many people believe that simply reducing its consumption is enough. I personally agree with the second view because according to research that has been done, it has been discovered that even if the consumption of meat is completely stopped, the only thing that will be done is to delay the agricultural catastrophe for a few years.

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My poster idea

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the characteristics of great quality meat products

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First, animal products are an important source of high-quality, balanced, and highly bioavailable protein and numerous critical micronutrients, including iron, zinc, and vitamins B-12 and A, many of which are deficient in a large portion of the world's population. Thus, moderate consumption of animal-sourced foods plays an important role in achieving a nutritionally balanced diet, especially in the developing world.

Second, because they are recognized as high-quality foods, global demand for animal products is almost certain to continue to increase dramatically. The drivers of the increased demand for animal products include not only population growth but also increased affluence, especially in the developing world, where most of the increase in population will occur.

Third, farm animals are critical to a sustainable agricultural system and especially for smallholders who comprise most of the world's farmers. Farm animals contribute not only a source of high-quality food that improves nutritional status but also additional resources such as manure for fertilizer, on-farm power, and other by-products, and, in addition, provide economic diversification and risk distribution. Moreover, increased efficiencies in the past several decades through genetic selection and improved management technologies has saved a large amount of resources, including water and land, and have substantially reduced the carbon footprint of animal production.

Fourth, ruminants such as buffalo, cattle, goats, and sheep, efficiently convert the forages from grasslands into high-quality animal products, and grazing also can promote the health and biodiversity of grasslands if managed appropriately. This is important because grassland pastures cover >25% of the Earth's land surface and, despite being home to nearly a billion people, comprise primarily marginally or non-arable land.

However, sustainable farm animal production will also require a more complete understanding of their impact on the environment. For example, a report by the FAO of the UN estimated that livestock, and especially ruminants, contribute as much as 18% of greenhouse gas emissions , but others have suggested that this is a gross overestimate and that the actual value may be as low as 3% . Regardless, as farm animal production continues to increase, we need to be concerned with not only greenhouse gases but also the impact of farm animals on soil, water, and biodiversity. We also need to better understand the specific role of animal products in the diet in the global increase in noncommunicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease, because noncommunicable diseases are now responsible for more deaths worldwide than all other causes. In this regard, recent reports from the National Research Council and from the Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Department of Health and Human Services, argue strongly for renewed focus, including additional research, on these controversial and critical issues.

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Elsa DENQUIN - Livestock farming systems

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Gaëlle PREVOT - Livestock farming systems

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Margaux SALAZAR - Livestock farming systems

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Xristos s Greece

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nikos P

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Achilleas f, Greece