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A furuncle, also known as a boil, is a painful infection that forms around a hair follicle and contains pus. A carbuncle is collection of boils that develop under the skin. When bacteria infect hair follicles, the follicles can swell and turn into boils and carbuncles. A furuncle starts as a red lump. It may be tender.

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Rosacea (rose-AY-sha) is a common skin disease. It often begins with a tendency to blush or flush more easily than other people. The redness can slowly spread beyond the nose and cheeks to the forehead and chin. Even the ears, chest, and back can be red all the time. Rosacea can cause more than redness.

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Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition caused by an overactive immune system. Symptoms include flaking, inflammation, and thick, white, silvery, or red patches of skin. Psoriasis treatments include steroid creams, occlusion, light therapy and oral medications, such as biologics.

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Hematoma is generally defined as a collection of blood outside of blood vessels. Most commonly, hematomas are caused by an injury to the wall of a blood vessel, prompting blood to seep out of the blood vessel into the surrounding tissues. A hematoma can result from an injury to any type of blood vessel (artery, vein, or small capillary). A hematoma usually describes bleeding which has more or less clotted, whereas a hemorrhage signifies active, ongoing bleeding.

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Ecchymosis is the medical term for the common bruise. Most bruises form when blood vessels near the surface of the skin are damaged, usually by impact from an injury. The force of the impact causes your blood vessels to burst open and leak blood. This blood gets trapped beneath the skin, where it forms into a little pool that turns your skin purple, black, or blue.

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Contusion is the medical term for a bruise. It is the result of a direct blow or an impact, such as a fall. Contusionsare common sports injuries. Most people think of a bruise as a black-and-blue spot. This happens when small blood vessels get torn and leak blood under the skin.

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Albinism is a rare group of genetic disorders that cause the skin, hair, or eyes to have little or no color. Albinism is also associated with vision problems. According to the National Organization for Albinism and Hypopigmentation, about 1 in 18,000 to 20,000 people in the United States have a form of albinism

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Onychophagia is defined as a chronic habit of biting nails, commonly observed in both children and young adults. This oral habit may lead to various medical and dental problems. To date, onychophagia is considered an unsolved problem in medicine and dentistry. In this paper we describe an exclusive nonpunitive fixed appliance utilizing a stainless steel twisted round wire bonded from canine to canine, in the mandibular arch, as a treatment of onychophagia. It was used successfully in young adult patients and maintained for a month. With 9-month follow-up the treatment has satisfied the patients' expectations which may eventually yield promising implications of this new treatment to similar situations.

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Onychomycosis, also known as tinea unguium, is a fungal infection of the nail. Symptoms may include white or yellow nail discoloration, thickening of the nail, and separation of the nail from the nail bed. Toenails or fingernails may be affected, but it is more common for toenails to be affected.

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Ingrown toenail (onychocryptosis) is a fairly frequent problem resulting from either growth of nail fold inwards into the nail bed or abnormal embedding of the nail plate into the nail groove, causing significant discomfort.

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Alopecia areata, also known as spot baldness, is a condition in which hair is lost from some or all areas of the body. Often it results in a few bald spots on the scalp, each about the size of a coin. Psychological stress may result. People are generally otherwise healthy.

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Hirsutism is excessive body hair in men and women on parts of the body where hair is normally absent or minimal, such as on the chin, chest, face or body.

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A skin wheal is a patch on the skin that is elevated, discolored, changes shape, and often itches. It can be due to an insect bite, an adverse reaction to something that touched your skin, eczema, or another small puncture wound you experienced. You may have also heard a skin wheal referred to as a 'welt' or a 'hive.

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Warts and verrucas. Warts are small, rough lumps or growths on your skin caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV). ... You can get them anywhere, but warts are most common on your hands, knees and feet. A wart on the sole of your foot is called a verruca.

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Scaling Skin. Scales occur when the outermost layer of the epidermis becomes dry and flaky and peels. The excess of dead skin cells results in the appearance of scaly skin. Scales can be very thin and fine, as with pityriasis rosea, or thick, as with psoriasis.

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Plaque psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune condition. It appears on the skin in patches of thick, red, scalyskin. According to the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, plaquepsoriasis is the most common form of psoriasis.

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A papule is an area of abnormal skin tissue that is less than 1 centimeter around. A papule has distinct borders, and it can appear in a variety of shapes.Papules are often called skin lesions, which are essentially changes in the color or texture of yourskin. Sometimes, papules cluster together to form a rash.

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Lipoma or dermatofibroma are common causes of nodules on the skin. ... They are firm mobile cysts, usually skin coloured or yellow/white with a central punctum. They are usually found as a painless lump. The appearance of many nodules under the skin could indicate neurofibromatosis.

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A macule is a flat, distinct, discolored area of skin less than 1 centimeter (cm) wide. It doesn't involve any change in the thickness or texture of the skin. ... Certain conditions such as vitiligo are characterized by white or lighter macules or patches on the skin.

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A skin lesion is a part of the skin that has an abnormal growth or appearance compared to the skin around it. ... For example, if someone scratches a mole until it bleeds, the resulting lesion, a crust, is now a secondary skin lesion.

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A lesion is any damage or abnormal change in the tissue of an organism, usually caused by disease or trauma. Lesion is derived from the Latin laesio "injury". Lesions may occur in plants as well as animals.

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Your skin has two types of sweat glands: eccrine and apocrine. Eccrine glands occur over most of your body and open directly onto the surface of your skin. Apocrine glands open into the hair follicle, leading to the surface of the skin. Apocrine glands develop in areas abundant in hair follicles, such as on your scalp, armpits and groin.

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This is an important protein compound that skin, hooves, horns, claws, fur, skin, hair, and nails are all made out of. Aside from forming a multitude of our physical features, keratin also plays a wide variety of roles within the body such as regenerative healing, cell growth, cell signaling, and apoptosis (cell death). Originally, all keratin was thought to be the same type of protein, but scientists have since discovered there are actually 54 different genetic expressions for humans alone.

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This is an important protein compound that skin, hooves, horns, claws, fur, skin, hair, and nails are all made out of. Aside from forming a multitude of our physical features, keratin also plays a wide variety of roles within the body such as regenerative healing, cell growth, cell signaling, and apoptosis (cell death). Originally, all keratin was thought to be the same type of protein, but scientists have since discovered there are actually 54 different genetic expressions for humans alone.

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Vitamin D was discovered in 1920, culminating the long search for a way to cure rickets, a painful childhood bone disease. Within a decade, the fortification of foods with vitamin D was under way, and rickets became rare in the United States. But solving the problem of rickets was only the beginning of research into vitamin D. Results suggest that vitamin D may have an important role in many aspects of human health, from bone fractures to prostate cancer, cardiovascular disease, neuromuscular problems, and diabetes.

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Collagen is a fibrous protein in the body’s connective tissue that aids in all levels of the skin’s healing process. There is at least sixteen different types of collagen in the body and collagen is also known for it’s important role in making and preserving healthy cartilage and bones along with it’s natural skin healing abilities. When you suffer a wound, the healing process will transpire in stages and the amount of time it takes to heal depends on the severity of the wound.

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The hypodermis is a thick fat layer that sits directly beneath the dermis and separates it from other body structures like muscles and bone. The fat in this layer provides insulation for the body, stores energy, and protects the body through its cushioning effect.

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Directly beneath the epidermis is the dermis, and it functions primarily to support the epidermis. As well, the dermis supplies the epidermis with things that are important, such as, oh, blood! The dermis does vary in thickness depending upon the area of the body just like the epidermis. Overall, there are fewer cells within the dermis, this layer is composed of many more structural components such as collagen.

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The epidermis is the thin, outer layer of the skin that is visible to the eye and works to provide protection to the body. It does not contain any blood vessels and is, therefore, dependent on the dermis, the layer of the skin underneath it, to provide access to nutrients and dispose of waste.