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Makes people more likely to be verbally aggressive. This could lead onto physical aggression and confrontation with others, resulting in violent crime

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Drug offences fall under Innovation within Merton's stain theory. This is because selling illegal substances is a way of owning materialistic things as they don't have a way of legally purchasing said materialistic thing.

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Merton four deviant adaptions: Arson and criminal damage 

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Merton four deviant adaptions: Arson and criminal damage 

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4 deviant adaptions
1. Innovation
2.Ritualism
3. Retreatism
4. Rebellion
Criminal damage - links to  rejection of social goals and replace with an alternative (rebellion). Desire to highlight political discourse i.e Banksy.

Arson-  burning down an old play park knowing the council will fund a new, better environment. (innovation).

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Mesomorphic body types makes that person more aggressive and prone to violence.

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Mesomorphic body types makes that person more aggressive and prone to violence.

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This bod theory stereotypes people based on their physique.

Sheldon 1940 body type theory

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an example of a biological factor could be that individuals with ADHD (Attention Deficit (Hyperactivity) Disorder) are perceived as disruptive or lazy at school and are often truant or expelled from education, this could lead to lack of qualifications etc. Because of this, they may find that they struggle to find paid employment and therefore their only way of getting money may be through illegitimate practices such as fraud or scamming others.

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Freud's Superego theory suggests that extreme guilt would be expressed and it is likely that the individual would act out, because of the conscious mind, if a child was sexuality assaulted it could be likely that the child feels extreme guilt over this experience.

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A twisted nose
Extensive cheekbones
Long arms
Extensive wrinkles
Speech impediment/problems

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You can predict which criminals will be through there features

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Biological approach relates to theft as according to lombroso criminals have atavistic features such as shifty eyes wide set jaw ect

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The Bo-Bo doll was in a room with adults who aggresively hit the doll and children watched. Afterwards, the children used the toys around them to hit the doll. Another group of children were exposed to non-aggressive behaviour, and the children played with the doll in a calm, non-aggressive manner. The last group were not exposed. In relation to sexual assault, this theory can be applied in certain situtaions. For example, a father sexually abusing the mother, may have implications on the child, who may copy the behaviour, later on in life.

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personality types: superego (weak, deviant) more likely to offend as they lack guilt for the damage they cause

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Durkheim's theory of typologies of deviances, specifically the Skewed and Biological deviances, would argue that a person growing up watching one parent abuse the other is the social norm for them, and would therefore repeat that behaviour. Another could aruge that it's a biological deviant because of the genetics. The collective conscience in that household would be to abuse your partner so the repetition of that behaviour would follow them into their adulthood.

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Robert Agnews developments to strain theory could be used to explain drug offences (drug use) This is because they will experience strain. Including being socially ostracized being unable to achieve their goals of accessing 🤬. This then causes individuals to loose something they value for example the feeling of being high, negative emotions are created this then leads them to commit crime to be able to get 🤬.